COMPOUND NUMBERS. Any number expressing things in the same name or kind, is called a simple number; as 60 men, 45 years, &c. But when a number expresses things of different names or kinds, it is called a Compound number; as 56 pounds 4 shillings and 6 pence; 3 years 4 months 25 days; 5 miles 3 furlongs, &c. Different names or kinds are called different denominations. COMPOUND ADDITION. Is the adding of several numbers together, having differént denominations. RULE. 1. Place the numbers so that those of the same name or denomination may stand directly under each other. 2. Add the first column, or lowest denomination, as in whole numbers; then divide the sum by as many of the same denomination as make one of the next greater, setting down the remainder under the column added, and carry the quotient to the next superior denomination; continuing the same to the last, which add as in simple addition. In England, Money is reckoned in pounds, shillings, pence, and farthings, which is called Sterling Money. make i penny, marked d. S. Note.-Farthings are often written as the fraction of a penny; thus, 1 farthing is written d., 2 farthings, d., 3 farthings, 3d. EXAMPLES. 1. Add together £74 13s. 61d.; £18 5s. 7d.; £24 10s: 93d.; and £13 8s. 4}d. Operation. 74 13 6 2 24 10 9 3 13 842 130 18 3 3 Illustration.-We find by adding up the column of qrs. the amount is 7, which we divide by 4, because 4 qrs.=1 penny, and the quotient is 1 penny, and the remainder is 3qrs.; we set down the 3qrs. under the column of qrs. and carry the quotient (1d.) to the column of pence, and the amount is 27d. which we divide by 12, the number of pence in a shilling, and the quotient is 2s. and the remainder 3d.; we place the remainder 3d. under the column of pence, and carry the quotient to the shillings, and the amount is 38s. which divided by 20, gives the quotient £1, and the remainder 18s. which we place under the shillings, and carry the 1 to the pounds, and the amount is £130. 4. Add £95 13s. 4d., £23 16s. 9d., £27 Os. 10d., £13 18s. and £15 1s. 6d. together. Ans. £175 10s. 5d. 6. Find the whole amount of £10 10s. 10d. 3qrs., 9s. 6d. 2qrs., 7s. 3d. 1qr. and 113d. Ans. £11 8s. 81d. 4. Add together the following quantities of silver, viz. : 3lb. 9oz. 16pwt. 3gr., 10oz. 1pwt. 22gr., 3lb. 4oz. Opwt. 6gr., and 5lb. 3oz. 13pwt. 3gr. Ans. 13lb. 3oz. 11pwt. 10gr. 5. A goldsmith bought 4 ingots of silver, the first weighed 7 lb. 2oz. 12pwt., the second 6lb. 4oz. 5pwt. 6gr., e third 8lb. 3pwt. 1gr, the fourth 6lb. 11oz, 5pwt. 14gr. What quantity did he buy in all ? III. cwt. qr. lb. Ans. 28lb. 6oz. 5pwt. 21gr. Avoirdupoise Weight. cwt. qr. lb. oz. T. cwt. qr. lb. oz. dr. 21 3 25 1 3 16 14 14 11 1 15 6 10 4. A grocer sold 4hhds. of sugar. The first weighed 7cwt. 1qr. 161b., the second 6cwt. 2qr. 10lb., the third 9cwt. 2qr. 14lb., the fourth 7cwt 0qr. 10lb.; what was the weight of the whole ? Ans. 30cwt. 2qr. 22lb. 5. A farmer sold 3 loads of hay, weighing as follows viz. : the first 19cwt. 3qr. 21lb., the second 21cwt. 1qr. 14lb., the third 18cwt. 2qr.; what was the weight of the whole ? Ans. 59cwt. 3qr. 7lb. 19cwt. 1qr. 12lb., 14cwt. 6. Add together 2T. 1cwt. 3qr., 3qr. 18lb., 2cwt. 3qr., 15cwt. 1qr. 19lb., 5T. 6cwt., 18cwt Oqr. 13lb. 15oz., and 271b. 15oz. Ans. 10T. 18cwt. 2qr. 6lb. 14oz. Apothecaries Weight. IV. 5. There are 5 pieces of cloth which measure as follows, viz.: 35yds. 2qr. Ina., 28yds. 3qr., 37yds. 3qr. 3na., 33yds. 3qr. 3na., 41yds. and 3na.; how many yards in the whole? Ans. 177yds. 1qr. 2na. 6. Add together 151yds. 2qr., 75yds. Oqr. 1na., 45yds., 56yds. 1qr., 13yds. 3qr. 1na., 29yds. 2qr. and 95yds. 1qr. 3na. Ans. 466yds. 2qr. 1na. 7. A merchant bought 4 pieces of broadcloth; the first contained 19yds. 3qr., the second 15yds. 2qr. Ina., the third 25yds., the fourth 15yds. 1qr. 3na.; how many yards did he buy? Ans. 75 yds. 8. Find how much cloth is contained in the 3 following pieces; the first 473yds., the second 43yds. 3na., and the third 26yds. 1qr. 3na.? Ans. 117yds. 1qr. 2na. 21bu. 3pk. 4qts., 13bu. 1pk. 2qts. and 18bu. 3pks. Ans. 75bu. Opk. 6qts. 5. Bought 6bu. 3pks. of wheat at one time, 3bu. 3pks. at another time, 18bu. 1pk. at another, and 19bu. 2pks. 1qt. at another time; what quantity did I buy in all ? Wine Measure. Ans. 48bu. 1pk. 1qt. VII. gal. qt. pt. hhd. gal. qt. pt. T. P. hhd. gal. qt. pt. gi. 24 1 1 34 2 1 3 17 0 0 15 3 0 2 4. Add together 28gals. 2qts. Ypt. 2gi., 16gal. 1qt. 2gi., 25gal. 1qt. 1pt. 2gi., 16gal. 1qt., 12gal. 3qts., and 35gal. 2qts. 1pt. Ans. 135gal. 2g1. 5. A merchant bought 3 casks of brandy containing as follows, viz.: 71 gallons 3 quarts, 65 gallons 3 quarts, 67 gallons 1 quart; how many gallons did he buy? Ans. 204 gallons 3 quarts. 6. Bought 7 casks of molasses, containing as follows; 76 gallons 3 quarts 1 pint, 652 gallons, 46 gallons 1 pint, 57 gallons 1 quart, 63 gallons, 65 gallons 2 quarts 2 pints, and 64 gallons 1 pint; how much in the whole? Ans, 436 gallons 3 quarts 1 pint. 4. Add together 27 mils 3 furlongs, 35 miles 1 furlong 26 poles, 30 miles 4 furlongs 15 poles, 45 miles, and 84 miles 7 furlongs. Ans. 223m. 1rd. 5. If a man travel 6 days at the rate of 29 miles 2 furlongs 10 poles each day, how far will he travel in all? Ans. 175m. 5fur. 20rd. 4. A man has 3 fields which measure as follows, viz. : 17 acres 2 roods 18 poles, 39 acres 1 rood 16 poles, 12 acres O roods 36 poles; how much land in the 3 fields? Ans. 69 acres Oqr. 30rd. |