penal statutes of Elizabeth and the the impossibility of converting the ürst James; and during a full cen- millions of his Majesty's Catholic sub tury, half the gibbets of England wit-jects to any other assignable mode of nessed the unrelenting severity of per- faith, and every thinking man must secution, which these injured men feel the importance, and, at the pre quietly and meekly endured. They sent day, the necessity, of attaching were a body of Catholic Priests, al- these millions to the common cause of ways esteemed and cherished by Eng- the empire, and to the support of one lish Catholics; and at every period of common Government. Sound policy their existence, they counted in their will always forbear to sour and fret society many members of the best and subjects by jealous distinctions. It most ancient families among the British will always incline wise rulers of gentry. They risked their lives by States to provide for their subjects Mi treading on their native soil; they de- nisters of religion who are firmly at voted themselves to administer the tached to their Government, and who comforts of religion in secret to their may have nothing to fear from it, suffering brethren; they slunk back while they do not provoke its sword, to their hiding holes in the hollows of Such was the conduct of continental roofs and walls; they were never Governments in past times; and they otherwise known to the British pub- every where judged it prudent to en lic, than when, surprized by priest- trust, in a great measure, the national catchers, they were dragged to gaol, education of their youth to the active and from gaol to the gallows. Thus order of Jesuits, who, at the same lived the Jesuits in this their free time, were preachers, and catechists, country, from the 22d year of Eliza- and confessors, and visitors of hospi beth to the 30th of Charles II.; this tals and prisons, and who could still is all the progress that they made in a reserve a surplus of apostles, ready to full century towards their own ag- fly to the extremities of the globe, to grandizement, which, says Laicus, "is create in the horrid wilds of America the main object of all their labours." and Asia, new empires for the God (Ibid.) When the scene of blood the Gospel; new nations of subjects was closed in 1680, they still remained for France, Portugal, and Spain. The an inoffensive body of missioners: political services yielded by Jesuits to their object was to assist their Catho those Crowns, have often been ac lic brethren; and having obtained knowledged, and, alas, how have some foundations from the liberality they been requited! When the venet of foreign Potentates, they applied rable missioners of the society of Jeth themselves to give to the expatriated suits were dragooned out of Portu youth of their own country, the edu- guese and Spanish America, the loss a cation which the partiality of the laws of millions of Indians, whom they denied them at home. In these pacific had civilized, nay the loss of the ter Occupations they persevered, without ritorial possession was loudly predict experiencing any jealousy on the part ed to those misguided Courts. The of Government, even during the two first part of the prediction has long rebellions of 1715 and 1745, because since been fulfilled. All the power

since the accession of the House of Brunswick, it has been a principle with our Monarchs, never to persecute any man for conscience, never to harrass inoffensive subjects.

At the present day, the royal principle, with all its consequences, is widely diffused throughout the empire. Every man in it acknowledges

of

France, Spain, and Portugal, could not replace the old tried missioners of Canada, California, Cinaloa, Mexico, Maragnon, Peru, Chili, and Paraguay. The Jesuits were destroyed; the ci vilized natives relapsed into barba rism, Equally unavailing was the mighty power of those Crowns to re place the Jesuits in the quiet ministry

ant

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of schools at home. Cast a retrospect good sense of the Catholic Princes.on the former state of Europe. There The Empress Catherine especially, in were in every considerable town col- despite of Rome, Versailles, Madrid, leges of Jesuits, where gratuitous edu- and Lisbon, maintained with a strong cation were given. They were tem- hand the several houses of Jesuits, ples in which the language of religion which she found in her new Polish dohallowed the language of the Muses. minions: she would not suffer the They were seminaries where future smallest alteration to be made in any Senators, Magistrates, and Officers, of their statutes or practices; and her Prelates, Priests, and Cenobites, &c. successors to this day, far from misreceived their first, that is, the most trusting those Fathers, favour and important part of their education. cherish them, at once as blameless Not even an attempt was made to sup- Ministers of the Catholic religion, and ply the room of the ejected instructors, as trusty servants of Government, earexcepting, perhaps, for form sake, in nestly labouring to endear the new a few great towns; and here what a sceptre of the Czars to the Catholic woeful substitution? Clermont col- Poles, lately united to their empire. lege, in Paris, formerly instructed the Undoubtedly, next to the purity of fower of the French Nobility-with-religion, the best interest of the Jein a few years after the expulsion of the old masters, Clermont college vomited forth from its precincts into France, Robespierre, and Camille des Moulins, Tallien, Noel, Freron, Chenier Desbois, Porion de Pin, besides many other bloody-jawed demagogues of that execrable period. The game was indeed by this time carried rather farther than the Pombals, the Choiseuls, and others, who had planned the ruin of the Jesuits, had either de-ately Napoleon seized the kingdom, signed or foreseen: but the mound and dismissed them. Other Princes Was thrown down, and the torrent have equally regretted the rash deed Could not be withstood. of their destruction. Even the EmWhat thinking man shall now won- peror Joseph II. once assured me, in der that the much tried Pontiff, Pius private conversation, that he much laVII, having, during his captivity, se- mented the suppression of the Jesuits' riously pondered the connexion of order. He repeatedly said, that in causes and effects, should wish to rehis mother's time, in which it was actrieve the ancient order of things, complished, he was never consulted should even hasten to second the upon the measure, and that he would wishes and requests of his fellow-suf- never have agreed to it. Our kingferers-I mean the surviving Princes dom has happily escaped the horrors and Prelates, who so sorely rue the of modern revolution, but our kingmistakes of their immediate predeces- dom has had its alarms. To prevent sors? It is very remarkable, that the the recurrence of them, it must surely false policy of these latter was first be sound policy to trust and favour all discerned, and publicly disapproved, those persons, who, from a motive of by two acute Sovereigns, who were self-preservation, as well as of duty, not of the Roman communion, the will always employ their influence magnanimous Catharine of Russia, among the lower orders, to maintain and the far-famed Frederick III. of peace and tranquillity in the several Prussia. They the artifices which had distorted the guished in the bulk of the people.--were not ignorant of religious classes which may be distinORTHOD. JOUR. VOL. III.

suits always was, and always must be, public tranquillity, order, and subordination, of ranks. In tumults and confusion, they must always be sacrificed. The total extinction of their body was presently followed by the universal uproar of the Revolu tion. Hence their name is odious to Bonaparte. In 1805, the Court of Naples, convinced of its past error, reinstated the Jesuits, and immedi

2 R

us;

tisfied with the intrinsic evidence of the forgery, took no other measures to counteract it, than barely to denounce it to the Congregation of the Index, by which it was presently con demned. During the 17th century, the remembrance of it seems to have died away, and probably it would have been now unknown, if a famous adherent of Quesnel and the Janse nists, named Henricus a S. Ignatio, of the order of Carms, had not re

With respect to the Catholics, this line | of conduct has been uniformly pursued by their Irish Bishops, by the English Vicars Apostolic, and all the Missionary Priests, Jesuits, and other regulars, who have appeared among and I add in finishing, that in this behalf they would all be steady allies of the established Clergy, who can have no greater interest at the present day, than to preserve general tranquillity. Protestant and Catholic Prelates, with their respective depend-published it, just a hundred years ago, ents, all equally professing zeal for purity of doctrine, though differing in their tenets, would thus be friends usque ad aras, and general peace would be the precious fruits of their agree-at Rome, and they were strongly ment. Thus we have often seen Catholic and Protestant legions, Aus ́trians and British, arrayed under the same banners, and successfully pursuing their warfare against a common enemy. This matter is susceptible of extension, but Laicus would not understand it. I think he will no more venture to provoke

CLERICUS.

To the Editor of the Orthodox Journal.

SIR,- To the two first enquiries of your correspondent Investigator (p. 227 of your last number) the answer is very short. The name of the dismissed Jesuit, who forged the Monita privata, was Hieronymus Zanovich, or Zanovicz; and the city of Cracow in Poland was the scene of publication in the year 1615.

It is rather extraordinary that a name, so little deserving of memory, should be known at the end of two centuries. Clericus discovered it by casual reading, but he knows nothing more of the history of the man who owned it. His work was at first industriously spread, but it seems to have done the Jesuits little or no mischief. Certainly the libel did not make an epoch in the society, which at all times was accustomed to such attacks and, (to answer your correspondent's third enquiry) it seems that the superiors of the society, sa

during the ferment of the disputes which followed the publication of the Bull Unigenitus. This man's several writings and errors were condemned

blamed and disavowed by Pere Gar debosé, a learned regius professor of divinity of his own order, in the uni versity of Thoulouse. Clericus could cite his words, if it were necessary It suffices to observe, that the folly o the Monita was too glaring to b adopted, even by the Parliamentary authors or spouters of the Comple vendus against the Jesuits in 1762 and 1763. And Clericus is inclined think, that every reader of commor information, whatever be his religious creed, will reject them with disdain, without other proof than what arises from a simple lecture.

With respect to the fourth and last inquiry, viz. What arguments are em ployed by Gretser to invalidate the credit of the Monita? Clericus is concerned that he cannot entirely satisfy your correspondent. He expects to have it in his power to analyse Gretser's tract: and if he succeed, an account of it shall be offered for is sertion in your valuable Journal. At present he observes, that in the neces sity of furnishing a short and speedy answer to Laicus or Ralib, it was im possible to enter upon a detailed refu tation of the self-confuting libel. To shame the infamous ribald, it sufficed to disprove his confident assertion, that the Monita were first discovered by accident, at the close of the 17th century. Now that they were pub

To the text of Cordara may be added the testimony of the Professor F. John Drews, whose posthumous work, Fasti Societatis Jesu, was print

Anno 1616, a Sacra Congregatione Indicis prohibitus est liber, cui titulus, Monita privata Societatis Jesu.' Nadasi Indice Memor.

licly refuted by Gretser, early in that century, the following extract from Cordara's History cannot leave a doubt. Thus he writes: "Sed ut eo regrediar, unde non ni-ed in four small volumes at Prague in hil digressus sum; quo tempore redux 1750. This work presents some hisin Hungariam Societas summa bono- torical facts regarding the Society, and rum omnium gratulatione excipieba- some short mortuary eulogies of distur, pauci aliqui, nec sane boni, in tinguished Jesuits, corresponding to Polonia ad ejus obterendam famam ag- every day in the year. On the 10th gressi sunt. Prodiere Cracoviæ pesti- day of May it has these words :lentes libelli plures, quibus clariores Societatis operarii nominatim impetebantur, neque solum per manus hominum impune volitarunt, sed in publicis etiam et celebrioribus urbis locis affixi fuerunt, ad concitandum contra nos populum, et conflandam nostri nomini invidiam. In tanta maledicendi licentia, apparuere ad extremum Monita privata Societatis Jesu; quo opere, ut modeste ditam, nihil ineptius. Inducitur eo libro Præpositus Societatis suas alloquens, et iniqua multa præcipiens, non omnibus quidem, sed Patrum duntaxat gravioribus committenda. Artifex tenebricosæ lucubrationis fuerat de Societate; sed ejectus haud ita pridem cum ignominia, conabatur nunc dedecus ejectionis suæ mordacissimis ejusmodi scriptis obtegere vel ulcisci. Utrum assecutus fuerit, malæ mentis propositum, non definio.

Nadasi, whose authority is here cited for the date of the condemnation of the Monita, was Assistant of the General of the Society, and afterwards Confessor of the Empress dow. ager of Ferdinand III. towards the middle of the 17th century; and therefore his writings must have preceded, by several years, the supposed disco

tuous character, endeavoured to ruin its reputation, At Cracow numerous slanderous pamphlets were published, in which the most illustrious members of the society were individually attacked, and these publications

were not only circulated by the hand, but were also fixed in the most public and frequented parts of the city, with the view of exciting the people against us, and of renLidering our name odious. In the midst of this

bellum certe ad omnes Europæ partes mira celeritate propagatum, tametsi multi summis exceperint, laudibus, sapientes

non alia quam flammarum luce dignum judicarunt; Romæ autem Cardinales conficiendo Indici librorum vetitorum præpositi, inter proscriptos

transtulerunt.

torrent of defamation, at last appeared, The Secret Instructions of the Society of Jesus; and, if I may be allowed to say it, the most contemptible work possible. In that publi cation the General of the Society is represented addressing his subjects, and giving many criminal orders, not to be executed by all, but only by some of the graver Fathers. The author of this infamous publication had

been one of the society, but having been a Eumdem haud multo short time previously expelled from it with post noster Jacobus Gretserus refuta- disgrace, he endeavoured to revenge and vit luculentissimo opusculo, quod ex-wipe off the whole ignominy of his expulsion by the most injurious libels. Whether this tat inter alia hujus scriptoris monuevil design of his succeeded, I will not dementa."* Cordara, Hist. Soc. Jes. cide. For although many bestowed the Part 6. L. 1. ad an. 1616, p. 29. greatest praises on the pamphlet, which was. certainly circulated with extraordinary rapidity in every part of Europe, prudent persons viewed it as only fit to be burnt. Rome, the Cardinals presiding over the Index of prohibited books, placed it in their catalogue of proscribed works. Shortly af ter, a most complete refutation of it was published by James Gretzer of our society, in a small work extant among his other wris tings."

*As many of my readers may not be Conversant with the Latin language, the following translation of the above passage from Cordara, is given for their information :"In order however that I may return from my short digression, when the society re-appeared in Hungary, honoured with the universal congratulations of all good men, a few persons in Poland, by no means of vir

At