ture animals were found tuberculous, and also three of the young stock. Russell thinks the disease was introduced in some of the pure-bred cows, as no such disease had occurred previously in the stock and the first cases developed in the new animals. The other animals were infected by contagion from these.

It was believed that to kill the infected animals and replace them by others would be more expensive than to restore the herd to a perfectly healthy condition by the following plan, which was put in operation: Separation of all the reacting from nonreacting animals was carried out by dividing the stable by a partition, pasturing the two sections in separate paddocks and watering in different tanks. The barn was thoroughly disinfected. From this time the two sections were kept entirely separate. The calves from the reacting herd were separated at birth from their mothers and fed thoroughly pasteurized milk of the reacting cows or the milk of non-reacting animals. Tuberculin tests were made at intervals from January, 1896, when the herd was divided, until February, 1899. In no case did an animal originally pronounced tuberculous fail to react to subsequent tests. In the individual animals the disease progressed. Every calf born during the time of observation had remained perfectly healthy. In the carrying out of this plan the natural increase of slightly diseased animals is preserved, while the disease is finally eradicated by the death of the diseased animals.

These observations are of interest as having an indirect bearing upon the means to be employed in preventing the dissemination of tuberculosis in man, and if measures could be as thoroughly and intelligently carried out in the case of human tuberculosis, as brilliant results could be confidently predicted.

Sarcoma of the Tongue.

Two cases of primary sarcoma of the tongue-one pedunculated, the other interstitial:

Walter Downie (Brit. Med. Jour., Oct.

21, 1899, p. 1065) reports two cases of primary sarcoma of the tongue, the most interesting one being of the pedunculated form and the sixth of this variety on record. The case occurred in a mechanic of 34 years of age. Five weeks before coming under observation his throat became sore and a week later his doctor, while examining his throat, discovered a swelling over the posterior aspect of the tongue. During the succeeding weeks there was more or less pain and difficulty in swallowing, with exacerbations and remissions. Five weeks from the first symptoms Downie examined the patient and found the following condition: A tumor, having the appearance of a smooth swelling, on the left side of the dorsum of the tongue, somewhat larger than a walnut and of a color similar to that of the palate. The tumor was firmly attached to the tongue, but the area of attachment was only one-half of the circumference of the growth half an inch from the tongue. It was pedunculated and freely movable in all directions. There was. no glandular enlargement. The tumor was removed together with the portion of the tongue from which it sprang. Microscopically the tumor was a spindle-celled sarcoma. Some of the points in common in the recorded cases of pedunculated sarcoma are very rapid growth, usually a few weeks or months; non-involvement of the glands; and non-recurrence after removal. Bacteria in Cystitis.

The relation of bacillus coli communis to other organisms in the urine:

J. L. Maxwell and W. Bruce Clarke (Brit. Med. Jour., Nov. 25, 1899, p. 1472) report the results of the bacteriologic examination of eight cases of cystitis with brief clinical histories of each. The results seem to bear out the former statement of Clarke that the findings in cystitis are probably dependent upon the stage of the cystitis at which the observations are made, and that in cases where staphylococci and streptococci are at first present they may disappear and be replaced later by the colon bacillus.