IV. EMPHASIS. Emphasis is the mode of drawing attention to one or more words in a sentence. By the proper use of emphasis we impart interest and animation to reading. Modes of Emphasis. To call special attention to a word in any way, is to emphasize it. Hence a word may be rendered emphatic by the use of extra force, by a change in the inflection, by pauses, or even by uttering it in a very low key. I. Emphasis by Force. A word may be emphasized by uttering it in a louder tone (that is, with extra "force"). Exercise. Go, ring the bells, and fire the guns, Shout "FREEDOM" till your lisping ones Come over, come OVER the river to me! Must we but weep o'er days more blest? Not that I loved Cæsar LESS, but Rome MORE. Strike-till the last armed foe expires; II. Emphasis by Inflection. A word may be empha sized by the use of the suitable inflection. Exercise. Sínk or swìm, líve or dìe, survive or perìsh, I give my hand and my heàrt to this vote. I said an elder soldier, not a better'. Stand! the ground's your own, my braves! He said; then full before their sight III. Emphasis by Time. A word may be rendered emphatic by uttering it more slowly, or by pausing before or after it. Exercise. I had a brother once-a g-r-a-cious boy H-ai-l, h-o-l-y light! His sentence was death! A day, an hour, | of virtuous liberty is worth a whole eternity of bondage. The quality of mercy is not | s-t-r-ain'd'. He jests at scars | who never felt a wound. They show the banners | taken, they tell his battles | won. Summary of Language-Work. I. The Language Exercises in this book follow substantially the method of those in the Fourth Reader. The questions and requirements are grouped under the three following general heads: I. Preparatory questions and explanations designed to bring out the meaning of the more difficult words, expressions, and allusions. II. Elementary grammatical studies, comprising (a) writing the analysis of a few selected derivative words found in the lessons (in the Appendix is given an alphabetical list of all these words, with the simple indication of the mode in which they are to be recomposed into their primitives, prefixes and suffixes); (b) exercises in the "grammatical form " of words, in selecting the several types of sentences, and in untechnical analysis. III. Questions and explanations to bring out the thought of a piece, or noticeable points of literary expression. II. The Composition Exercises are on the plan so successfully introduced into Swinton's Readers. Each piece, specially fitted for reproduction in an "abstract from memory," is followed by a syllabus (“Heads for Composition "), in which by a series of topics and hints the young composer is aided in reproducing in his own language and in orderly sequence the salient features of a piece previously read aloud in the class. ADVANCED FOURTH READER. 1. Miles Standish. PART I. ath-lět'ie, robust and active in | es-eôrt'ed, conducted with cere 1. THE Mayflower had been tossing sixty-three days on the stormy Atlantic, when the Pilgrims were told that they were in sight of their new home. 2. They had left merry old England in the pleasant month of September; it was bleak November when they reached the desolate shore of New England. 3. For a month they sailed up and down the coast looking for a good harbor. At last they came into a sheltered bay, to which an earlier explorer, Captain John Smith, had given the name of Plymouth. They fixed on this as a good place for their settlement; and on the 21st of December, 1620, the Pilgrims landed. 27 4. A large rock is pointed out as the spot where the landing took place; and a young maiden named Mary Chilton is said to have been the first to step on Plymouth Rock. The band numbered one hundred and two persons, one of them being a babe who was born. on the Mayflower during the voyage. 5. Before landing, the forty-one men of the company held a meeting in the cabin of the Mayflower, and signed an agreement that every man should have an equal share in the government. 6. Among the signers of this first American constitution was one who wrote his name thus: Myles Standishy 7. Myles (or as we now spell it, Miles) Standish was born in England about three hundred years ago. He |