Iliæ dum se nimium querenti Labitur ripa, Jove non probante, u- Audiet cives acuisse ferrum, Quo graves Persæ melius perirent; Quem vocet Divûm populus ruentis Cui dabit partes scelus expiandi regis, was the official residence of the Pontifex Max.; it was close to the Temple of Vesta. (See for an account of both, Cookesley's Index, and Map of Rome, pp. 46, 47.) 17. Ilia, or Silvia. When condemned by Amulius, and thrown into the river, she became the wife of the river god. "Post ex fluvio fortuna resistet." Ennius, quoted by Niebuhr, Hist. of R. vol. i, p. 175., where also see his explanation of Rhea, or Rea. 18. sinistra, the south side,' the side of Rome. 19. Jove. The Capitoline Jupiter, the tutelar deity. So Carm. III. v. 12., where incolumi Jove" is interpreted by the Scholiast, "salvo Capitolio." 22. Persæ. Again, Carm. 1. xxi. 15.: So Medos, ver. 51.; Carm. I. xxix. 4., and Parthi, 1. xii. 53. These names are all equivalent. The Perse and Medi were included in the great Parthian Empire, which) 20 30 is identified, in Carm., 11. ii. 17.,with the old Persian Empire. The dynasties were these:- Cyrus to Darius Codomanus, B. c. 331, a period of 228 years. Then the Seleucidae, under the third of whom (Antiochus Theos.) Arsaces formed the nucleus of a new power. The line of Arsacidæ reigned from 250 B. c. to 229 A. D., a period of 480 years, over 18 kingdoms, from the Euphrates to the Ganges, and from the Caspian to the Arabian Sea. The Arsacidæ were in their turn succeeded by the Second Persian monarchy, and the line of Sassanidæ, from 229 to 651 A.D. 24. rara, 'lessened in number,' i. e. by the havoc of the civil wars. 28. Vestam. Virg. Georg. i. 499. minus audientem. i. e. indignant at the death of J. Cæsar. cp. Ov. Fast. iii. 697-707. Cæsar's death is again referred to in ver. 44. 29. scelus. Gr. Td ǎyos. Nube candentes humeros amictus, Sive tu mavis, Erycina ridens, Heu! nimis longo satiate ludo, Sive mutata juvenem figura Filius Maiæ, patiens vocari 31. Hom. Il. o. 308.: Φοίβος Απόλλων εἱμένος ὤμοιιν νεφέλην. "Kerchiefed in a comely cloud." Milton, Il Penseroso. 32. Apollo is first invoked (properly so, if Müller is right in the meaning of the name-άπотрожαîоs, Dor. vol. i. p. 323.), either as the guardian of the Cæsars (see Heyne on Virg. Ecl. iv. 10.), or as the god of augury, which is his title here; | for the expiation of prodigies, in common with other points of religious ceremonial, belonged to the office of augur. Ovid (Fast. i. 611.), connects augur both with Augustus and augeo, using the verb in the sense of promoting the empire's prosperity. 33. Erycina, Venus, so called from M. Eryx in Sicily. See Virg. Æn. v. 759. ridens. φιλομμειδής Αφροδίτη. Hom. II. . 424. 37. satiate, 'you who have in 335 40 dulged to the full...' nearly as ǎdnv čλeisev aluaтos, in Esch. Agam. 837. The 39. Mauri peditis. Gesn. and Orell. suggest that this may mean a Moor fighting on foot after his horse is slain-an emblem of desperate courage (such as Witherington's in "Chevy Chase"), and possibly taken from a picture. Bentley conj. Marsi, an obvious correction, if needed. 41. juvenem used as in Virg. Ecl. i. 43., Georg. i. 500: an ascription perhaps of perpetual youth to Augustus as to a divinity. whole stanza, with its context, is in a strain of most refined adulation (to be compared with the beginning and the end of Virgil's first Georgic), implying that he to whose government they look for redress and remedy of the state's sufferings is really more than man, and but lent to the earth for a time. Perhaps it is as the author of civilisation (Carm. x. 2.) that he is thus identified with Mercury. voked for a fair passage in Solon, Fr. x.: αὐτὰρ ἐμὲ ξὺν νῆϊ θοῇ κλεινῆς ἀπὸ νήσου ἀσκηθῆ πέμποι Κύπρις ἰοστέφανος. So Neptune says, Virg. Æn. v. 800: Fas omne est, Cytherea, meis te fidere regnis Unde genus ducis. Cp. Ov. Epist. xv. 213., xvi. 24. 4. Iapyx. The wind blowing from Iapygia, the north-west; therefore in this case a favourable wind. 5. creditum. So Catull. Ixiv. 213., concrederet. 8. animæ dimidium. See Carm. Illi robur et æs triplex Circa pectus erat, qui fragilem truci Primus, nec timuit præcipitem Africum Nec tristes Hyadas, nec rabiem Noti, Major, tollere seu ponere vult freta. Qui siccis oculis monstra natantia, Infames scopulos Acroceraunia? Prudens Oceano dissociabili Terras, si tamen impiæ Non tangenda rates transiliunt vada. Audax omnia perpeti Gens humana ruit per vetitum nefas. 494. 11. xvii. 5., and Ov. Ex Ponto, 1. viii. | ton uses “dry-eyed: P. L. ii. 2.: pars animæ magna, Severe, meæ. 9. Illi robur et æs. Cp. Esch. P. V. 242.: σidnрópрwv тe kак TéTрas eipyaσμévos; and Ov. Fast. v. xii. 11., Valido pectus mihi robore fultum. 13. decertantem. So Carm. ix. 11., depræliantes. 14. tristes Hyades. Ora micant Tauri septem radiantia Navita quas Hyadas Graius ab 20. Acroceraunia. A headland of Epirus, famous for storms. Der. Kepavvós. Alta Ceraunia, Virg. Georg. i. 332. Used proverbially: hæc Acroceraunia vita, Ov. Rem. Am. 739. 22. Oceano dissociabili. 'Has separated continents by means of the Ocean, disuniting them.' dissoc. used actively. So in Lucret. i. 11., genitabilis; in Ov. Met. xiii. 837., and Virg. Georg. i. 93., imbre vocat. Virgil, alluding to the same deriva-penetrabilis. tion (ve, pluere), calls them pluvias: En. iii. 516. 15. arbiter. Carm. III. iii. 5.: Dux Hadriæ. 16. ponere seu tollere. Seu is omitted in the first clause. 18. siccis, i. e. unmoved. So Mil 26. Cf. Ov. Am. III. iv. 9.: ípsa potestas Semina nequitiæ languidiora facit. Nitimur in vetitum semper, cupi musque negata. Audax Iapeti genus Ignem fraude mala gentibus intulit: Subductum, Macies et nova Febrium Semotique prius tarda necessitas Leti corripuit gradum. Expertus vacuum Dædalus aëra Pennis non homini datis ; Perrupit Acheronta Herculeus labor. Coelum ipsum petimus stultitia, neque Iracunda Jovem ponere fulmina. its pace.' necessitas leti, poet. for letum. Gr. ȧvaуκaîov μap. 27. Iapeti g., Prometheus. See | fore) slow in its approach, quickened sch. P. V. 252., πûρ è̟yú op ὤπασα ; and for the benefits and inventions assigned to him, see vv. 250. 457-468. 482. sq. See also below, Carm. xvi. 13.: Пpoundeús, 'possessed of forethought.' Æsch. P. V. 86. his brother, 'Emiμnoeús, 'afterthought.' 30. ignem subductum, 'the withdrawal of fire.' See note on Carm, 11. iv. 10. 31. incubuit. So Lucret. vi. 1142. 32. i. e. the duration of man's life was shortened. semoti and prius tarda, express the same idea.: Death, which seemed at a distance and (there 34. Dædalus. Virg. Æn. vi. 14. ; Ov. A. A. ii. 21. sqq. 35. non homini, i. e. 'not meant for man.' 36. Herculeus labor. Gr. βίη 'Hpakλnein, Hom. Od. λ. 600. But Orell. int. : "Hercules qui omnes labores fortiter exantlavit," and adds "Haud cogitandum de Græco modo." 38. stultitiâ, 'in our folly.' 40. iracunda. ἔγχεις ζακότοιο, Pind, Nem, vi. 55. |