QUINIDINE-QUOIN Quinidine. Mixture of cinchona alkaloids, found in trade. Quinine. C20HN,O,,3H2O. Intensely bitter base, pre- Quinisext Council. At Constantinople 692; called as a supplement to the 5th and 6th councils 555 and 680; not recognized by R.C. Ch. Quinnat. See ONCORHYNCHUS. Quinoa. Chenopodium quinoa. Quinoline. C,H,N. Bpt. 236° C. Liquid, of characteris- Quinoline Blue. See CYANINE. Quinoline Red. C,,H,,N,Cl. Product of the action of benzotrichloride upon a mixture of quinaldine and a chinoline; dark brown needles, soluble in hot water; used in photography. 11 Quinoline Yellow. C,,H,,NO,. Yellow product, prepared by the action of phthalic anhydride and zinc chloride on quinaldine; soluble in alcohol, but not in water; used to color varnishes and lacquers. The water-soluble quinoline yellow is produced by the action of sulphuric acid upon the compound described above. It is a sodium salt of a sulfo acid, and is used in dying wool. Quinone. C,H,O,. Mpt. 116° C. prisms of a pungent odor, soluble in alcohol and ether; made Quinquagesima. Sunday before Lent. Quinquefoliolate. Compound leaves composed of five leaflets, as the Virginia Creeper. Quinquejugate. Pinnately compound leaves with five pairs of leaflets. Quinquelocular. In Botany, ovaries or pericarps with Quinqueremes, Ancient vessels with five banks of oars. Quinsy. Inflammation of the tonsils, causing great dis- Quintain. Post with a cross-bar from which hung a bag of sand and a board, to be tilted at by horsemen; sometimes Quintain. in other forms. The object was to strike the board at such The 1 French weight was ab. 108 lbs., the modern weight is eq Episcopal Church 1855; Bp. of Tenn. 1865. Quintic. Quantic of the fifth degree; as, ax'+bx'y+cx' +dx'y'+exy+y'. Quintilian (MARCUS FABIUS), ab.35-ab.96. Latin writ on Eloquence and Oratorical training. His chief work is Institutione Oratoria Libri XII. Quintus Curtius Rufus, 1st cent. Latin biograph of Alexander the Great. His book is unreliable: most of survives. Quintus Smyrnæus, 4th cent. Posthomerica, in 14 books, completes the point where the Iliad leaves it. tive. Greek epic poet, whos the story of Troy from His style is not attrac Quipu. Means of conveying instructions, commands, and records by knotted cords, used in Peru before the conquest. Quirinal. One of the hills of Rome, n.e. of the Forum. Quirinus. See ROMULUS. Quirites. In ancient Rome, burgesses, or warrior-citizens sometimes citizens as opposed to soldiers. Mommsen says the word originally meant lancemen: others derive it from Cures, a Sabine town incorporated with Rome. Quitch Grass. See COUCH GRASS and QUACK GRASS. Quit-Claim. Conveyance of such title as the grantor has, without covenants of any kind. Quitman, JOHN ANTHONY, 1799-1858. Chancellor of Miss. 1828-34; Brig.-gen. U.S.A. 1846; highly distinguished in the war with Mexico; Gov. of Miss. 1850; M.C. from 1855; advocate of extreme Southern ideas, anticipating 1851 secession and the Confederacy. Quito. Capital of Ecuador; on e. slope of the volcano Pichincha, 9,300 ft. above the sea; subjected to the Incas ab. Market Scene in Quito. 1470; taken by Spaniards 1534. Quit Rent. Certain established rents of the freeholders, which when paid make the tenant quit and free of all other services. Quittor. Ulcer or abscess of the foot of a horse, due to a nail prick, thrush. or bruise which 1254 QUOIN-RACCOONS angles of walls or in the frames of openings, in connection with rubble or brick-work, in order to secure a true line, or to strengthen the wall. Quoin. Corner of a masonry wall projecting beyond the two faces, so as to give the appearance of a corner pier. Quoits. Game is played by any number, usually even, It consists of pitching round metal disks, convex on the top sides being chosen. and flat on the bottom, with an aperture in the center, at a peg called a hob, set in the ground and projecting therefrom ab. 24 in. There are two of these hobs, set 18 or 21 yds. apart, smaller for large or Hob. quoits. The players The side stand at one hob while pitching for the other. Quoits. having one, two, or more quoits nearer the hob scor cordingly. The game was probably derived from "thr the discus" of the Greeks and Romans. T. B. Re Quorum. Number of members of a body whose pr is requisite for the transaction of business. Speaker of the House, ruled, Sept. 1890, that a quoru determined by the number present, whether voting d It had previously been ascertained by the votes cast. a Quotidian. That which takes place every day. Qu fever is an intermittent, the paroxysms of which occu day. It may be simple, double or triple, according number of paroxysms occurring in 24 hours. Quotient. Result of division; expression showin many times one quantity is contained in another. Quo Warranto. Old common-law writ to inq what authority a person or corporation held an office cised a franchise. Ra. Ancient solar deity of Egypt, worshiped especially at Heliopolis. Raabe, WILHELM. b. 1831. German humoristic novelist. Horacker, 1876; Der Lar, 1889. R Rabanus, or Hrabanus, MAURUS, ab. 776-856. Abbot of Fulda 822-842, Abp. of Mainz 847; eminent for learning; opponent of transubstantiation and predestination. Rabat. Seaport of Morocco, now much impaired; on the Atlantic; noted for its carpets and other manufactures. Pop. ab. 26,000. Rabaud, CHARLES HECTOR, 1711-1764. Writer on the laws, etc., of the French West Indies. His work, 6 vols., 1761-65, is of historical value. Rabbis. Jewish teachers of the Law; authors or compilers of a large body of literature, of which the most important examples are the Mishnah and Talmud, with sundry commentaries upon them. Rabbit. See LEPUS and HARES. Rabelais, FRANÇOIS, ab.1495-1553. French humorist, origi- Rabenhorst, GOTTLOB LUDWIG, 1806-1881. Germa ist; prolific writer. Rabies. See HYDROPHOBIA. Rabourdin, HENRI ÉTIENNE, 1711-1764. writer on America. Frenc Assyrian officer, herald of Senn Rabshakch. invasion of Judea 702 B.C.; mentioned Isa. xxxvi.; title rather than name. Rabulas, d. 435. Bp. of Edessa; strict promoter doxy. Some of his works survive, and were pub. 1865 Rabutin. See SÉVIGNÉ. Racahout. Arabian substitute for chocolate; a tion of roasted acorns powdered with sugar and arom Racan, HONORAT DE BUEIL, MARQUIS DE, 1589-1670 poet and Academician. Raccoons. Procyon lotor, the common "coon," in all woods of U. S. It is 3 ft. long, including tail Francois Rabelais. voked much criticism: it bears marks of learning as well as of Raccoons (Procyon lotor). ly a foot. Its fur is extra dense, gray in color n with a black stripe across the face. It walks eit GOTTLIEB WILHELM, 1714-1771. German satiri- black, and tail ringed. The body is stout; the muzz RACE-RADBERTUS grade or digitigrade. It is fond of eggs, chickens, green corn, Race, CAPE. Southeast point of Newfoundland. Racemic Acid. Optically inactive form of TARTARIC Racemose. Rack. Toothed wheel whose radius is infinity or pitch surface is a plane (see GEAR WHEELS); useful to form rotary into reciprocating motion; also fixed a toothed surfaces with finite radius. upon which a pinion for moving drawbridge spans, turntables, etc. ་ Rackarock. Sprengel explosive, 79 per cent pota chlorate and 21 nitrobenzene for maximum intensity, under water is 1.08 times that of No. 1 dynamite. It was to blow up Flood Gate in N. Y. Harbor. It will explo percussion. Rackets. Later variety of game with bat and bal rived from Tennis (see COURT TENNIS). A racket-court m from 50 to 80 ft. long, and 30 to 40 wide, with a very high and a back wall of less height, having at its top a galler Flowers arranged in racemes, or forms of spectators. Running along the front wall, which is us flower-clusters resembling racemes. Racemose Vesicles. Branched water-sacs that project Racemulose. Diminutive of racemose. Rachel, Daughter of the Mesopotamian Laban, wife of Rachel (ÉLISA RACHEL FELIX), 1820-1858. French tragic actress of highest rank, born a Swiss Jewess; famous from 1838; unsurpassed, if not unequaled, in passionate parts, as Phèdre and Marie Stuart. Rachidian Teeth. Those of the rachis or central row Rachilla. In Botany, axis of the spikelet in Gramineæ. Racine. Capital of R. co., Wis., on Lake Michigan; founded Racine, JEAN BAPTISTE, 1639-1699. French tragic dramatist of the first rank; Academician 1673. His masterpieces are Iphigénie, 1675; Phèdre, 1677; Esther, 1689, and Athalie, 1691. Other plays are Andromaque, 1667; Britannicus, 1667; Bérénice, 1670; Bajazet, 1672: Mithridate, 1673; and a comedy, Les Plaideurs, 1688.-His son LOUIS, 1692-1763, wrote Religion, 1742, and other serious poems. Racing. The record for pacing one mile was lowered to 1.59 seconds by Star Pointer and the double team record to 2.09 seconds by John R. Gentry and Robert J. in 1897. See HORSERACING. Rack. In Ore-dressing, form of apparatus in which small charges of pulp are separately treated on a smooth inclined surface, the poorer portions running to waste and the richer being washed off at frequent intervals. Rack. Machine of torture used from ancient times to force confessions; wooden frame on which the accused lay, black, is a board or balk a little over 2 ft. high, and a v line called the cut line is traced across this wall nearly from the floor. The floor is of level asphalt and divided Front wall A B Back wall D sections (see diagram). game is begun by on the players serving the against the front wall a the white line so tha shall on the rebound st in either C or D, accor as he serves from Bo The opponent then ret it either on the fly vo or first bound, so tha strikes the front wall ab the lower line. A and B. The server m have one or both feet in one of these spaces w serving. C and D. The spaces which the server must s the ball on the rebound fi the front wall. If he ser from B, the ball must st in C; if from A, in D. Rack Railroads. Those having rails with pinions wh engage in cogs on the locomotive wheels, so as to permit ascent of steep grades. In the Abt system there are th series of racks so alternating that a tooth of the whee always between two pinions. In the Riggenbach syster series of horizontal bars like rounds of a ladder is used. F tion clutches are also employed as an additional safegu Rack Railroad. Rack railroads have been built on Mt. Pilatus in Switzerl and up many other mountains of Europe. Pike's Peak, Col ascended by a rack road on the Abt system, its length be 84 miles and its rise 7,600 ft.; the locomotives weigh 25t and push two loaded cars up the grade at a speed of a miles per hour. Mt. Washington. N. H., is ascended by a r having a maximum grade of 1,980 ft. per mile, a rack ra simpler type than the Abt being used. Rack Rent. Rent whose amount is determined by o competition in a country where land is in demand, instea being either of a customary amount or settled by priv arrangement. Radbertus, PASCHASTUS ah 700 ORE 1256 RADCLIFFE-RADIATION Radcliffe, MRS. ANN (WARD), 1764-1823. English romanHer Mysteries of Udolpho, 1794, and other wild tales were long popular. cer. Radcliffe, CHARLES BLAND, M.D., 1822-1889. medical writer. Epilepsy, 1854. stem, which is pinned to the former at one point, and v Radcliffe, JOHN, 1650-1714. London physician of eminent popularity; M.P. 1713. Radcliffe College. At Cambridge, Mass.; was chartered 1893. It grew out of "A Society for the Collegiate Instruction of Women," organized 1878, and was known for a time as The Harvard Annex, instruction being given by some of the Harvard faculty. Its degrees are signed by the Pres. of Harvard. It has 90 instructors, 358 students, and a library of 9,734 vols. Raddi, GIUSEPPE, 1770-1829. Italian explorer in Brazil 1817; writer on its cryptogams and plants, 1822-25. Radetzky, JOHANN JOSEPH, GRAF VON, 1766-1858. Austrian officer, field-marshal 1836; distinguished in the wars against Napoleon, and 1848-49 in n. Italy, where he suppressed the risings and was Gov. till 1857. Radford, WILLIAM, U.S.N., 1808-1890. Commander 1855, Commodore 1863, Rear-admiral 1866; prominent in the attack on Fort Fisher Dec. 1864, and its capture Jan. 1865. Radial Canals. Tubes that radiate from the central stomach, to open into a circular canal at the margin of the umbrella of Medusa. Radial Drill. Form of machine tool for drilling, in which the revolving spindle is carried upon a horizontal arm or radius, which swings around an upright column. The spindle carriage can be traversed horizontally along the radius, to adjust the point of the tool over the center of holes in a heavy Radial Drill. work which it would be hard to locate under a fixed spindle. Radial Plates (or RADIALIA OF CRINOIDS). See BASAL Radial Symmetry. Displayed in radiated animals, as Radial Valve Gear. Type of mechanical motions, to which the Joy. Brown, and Marshall gears belong, for operating the valves of steam engines, and permitting a variable of the direction of motion of engine. The sight angles to the valve Radian. Circular arc, equal in length to the radi the circle; used as the unit in arcual or "" measure of and angles. The radian-57° 17′ 44.8" in degree measure ratio to the semi-circumference is 3.14159+(=π). Radiant. Large, neutral flowers of certain shrubs Radiant Energy. Any wave motion in the ether Radiant Heat. Misnomer for radiation of wave- Radiata. Animals possessing radial symmetry; Radiating Power. Property of emitting a gr Process of energy transference f cence. one point, and whi closed curve, suct & compelled by links? curve. The variati by varying the ap with the mean lice ngth to the radius Or "" measure of ass In degree measure. I 59+(=). f certain shrubs of th ers. otion in the ether. Se adiation of wave-lengu See RADIATION. n of matter, called zation as that is aber Es of a glass globe Lan the residue assumes ties may manifest then -lecules must be at leas inclosing tube. Abor nas a Crookes' laver. I passed through the tube to shoot off in strag y great velocity; ofte , glass, for instance, The colors are various ar for the spectroscope Le so capable, when elec mechanical effects. I n the vanes of a sma duce great velocity al within the tube be a cs are directed to a focus heated nearly to the fus -us experiments have te of matter by W. Cro - radial symmetry; Dow Ey of emitting a greater ergy transference from - are radiators. The m y sent out is an invers of the body, though al present at the same t is above ab.525 C., the are called light. Oft One is said to have the e of emitting the larger rface. The radiating p per sq. foot of his sate The earth, and is equ f the earth's surface per vided into three parts iant heat (sometimes ca t, and the actinic ras osition of any particul e nature of the id that the actinic ra ave-lengths any more -adiant energy varies of waves radiated from: Prof. Langley. From th nge of the visible rays, b. n of a centimete rendered visible only or is said by Langer RADIATOR-RADIOPHONE second, comprising by musical analogy ab. 8.5 octaves. Of Radiator. Closed vessel within which steam or hot water of its heat, and air by Radical. In Chemistry, group of atoms which behave as a whole in any reaction, or one of the groups of atoms serving to make up a molecule. Thus C.H,, phenyl, is a radical in diphenyl, CH-CH-In Botany, organs approximate to the root, as radical leaves. Radical Axis OF TWO CIRCLES. Straight line from any Radical Center. If three circles be taken in pairs, Radicals. Algebraic expressions subject to a sign indi- Radicals. English Liberals of the extremer sort, aiming at thorough political reform, with a more or less clear and conscious tendency to democracy. They came into being ab. 1790. Similar parties or schools exist in every free or partially free country. Radicant. Plants producing aerial or secondary roots. Radicellati. See CYCLOSTOMATA (Molluscoida). Radient of Meteoric Showers. Point in the heavens Radii of Radiates. See RADIAL SYMMETRY. Radiograph. Invention of Olivier, designed to regulate the time of exposure of photographic plates by the mechanical action of the light rays. It consists essentially of a radiometer connected to a very light and delicately constructed speed indicator. In strong cu step by step at a proportionally more rapid rate, but wh eter will rotate more rapidly and cause the index to ad posed to a weaker light the pointer will require a 1 time to traverse the spaces between the graduations. the measure of the light action for any given time tained. Radiolaria. Class of Rhizopods, including forms th semble the Heliozoa, but are marine, and have a centra sule and no contractile vesicle. They usually have a sili skeleton, which is either all outside the capsule (Ectolith partly within it (Entolithia). They may be solitary (Mon Radiolaria. or colonial (Polycyttaria). The skeleton may consist of spicules depending for its action upon the properties of a Crookes the energy of an intermittent beam of light or radiant energy out that sh |