THE SOLDIER'S CREED.

I have enlisted in the service of my country for the term of three years, and have sworn faithfully to discharge my duty, uphold the Constitution, and obey the officers over me.

Let me see what motives I must have had when I did this thing. It was not pleasant to leave my friends and my home, and, relinquishing my liberty and pleasures, bind myself to hardships and obedience for three years by a solemn oath. Why did I do it?

1. I did it because I loved my country. I thought she was surrounded by traitors and struck by cowardly plunderers. I thought that, having been a good government to me and my fathers before me, I owed it to her to defend her from all harm; so when I heard of the insults offered her, I rose up as if some one had struck my mother, and as a lover of my country agreed to fight for her.

2. Though I am no great reader, I have heard the taunts and insults sent us working-men from the proud aristocrats of the South. My blood has grown hot when I heard them say labor was the business of slaves and "mudsills; that they were a noble-blooded and we a mean-spirited people; that they ruled the country by their better pluck, and if we did not submit they would whip us by their better courage. So I thought the time had come to

show these insolent fellows that Northern institutions had the best men, and I enlisted to flog them into good manners and obedience to their betters.

3. I said, too, that this war would disturb the whole country and all its business. The South meant "rule or ruin.' It has Jeff Davis and the Southern notion of government; we our old Constitution and our old liberties. I couldn't see any peace or quiet until we had whipped them, and so I enlisted to bring back peace in the quickest way.

I had other reasons, but these were the main ones. I enlisted, and gave up home and comfort, and took to the tent and its hardships.

I have suffered a great deal-been abused sometimes—had my patience severely tried—been blamed wrongly by my officers-stood the carelessness and dishonesty of some of my comrades, and had all the trials of a volunteer soldier; but I never gave up, nor rebelled, nor grumbled, nor lost my temper, and I'll tell you why.

1. I considered I had enlisted in a holy cause, with good motives, and that I was doing my duty. I believe men who are doing their duty in the face of difficulties are watched over by God.

2. I felt that I was a servant of the government, and that as such I was too proud to quarrel and complain.

3. I know if with such motives and such a cause I could not be faithful, that I could never think of myself as much of a man afterward.

And so I drew up a set of resolutions like this :

1. As my health and strength had been devoted to the government, I would take as good care of them as possible; that I would be cleanly in my person and temperate in all my habits. I felt that to enlist for the government, and then by carelessness or drunkenness make myself unfit for service, would be too mean an act for me.

2. As the character I have assumed is a noble one, I will not disgrace it by childish quarrelling, by loud and foolish talking, by profane swearing, and indecent language. It struck me that these were the accomplishments of the ignorant and depraved on the other side, and I, for one, did not think them becoming a Union soldier.

3. As my usefulness in a great measure depends on my discipline, I am determined to keep my arms in good order, to keep my clothing mended and brushed, to attend all drills, and do my best to master all my duties as a soldier, and make myself perfectly acquainted with all the evolutions and exercises, and thus feel always ready to fight. It seems to me stupid for a man to apprentice himself to as serious a trade as war, and then try by lying and deception to avoid learning anything.

COLLEGE CORNER is on the Indiana State line, and takes its name from the number of schools located here, and three counties cornering at this point. It is on the C. H. & D. R. R., forty-four miles northwest of Cincinnati. Newspaper: Investigator, Independent, J. L. Scott, editor. Churches: 1 United Presbyterian, 1 African Methodist Episcopal, 1 Methodist Episcopal, and 1 Presbyterian. In

dustry Manufacturing building material. Bank: "Corner Bank," John Howell, president, O. M. Bake, cashier. Population in 1880, 329.

WEST CHESTER is twenty-one miles north of Cincinnati, on the C. C. C. & I. R. R. Newspaper: Miami Valley Star, Independent, Peter Wrieden, manager and editor. Churches: 1 Methodist Episcopal, 1 Cumberland Presbyterian, and 1 Catholic. Population in 1880, 281.

SOMERVILLE, fourteen miles northwest of Hamilton, had in 1880 370 inhab

itants.

CARROLL.

CARROLL COUNTY was formed in the session of 1832-33 from Columbiana, Stark, Tuscarawas, Harrison and Jefferson. The population mainly originated from Pennsylvania, Virginia and Maryland, with some Germans and Scotch-Irish. The surface is somewhat hilly. Its area is 400 square miles. In 1885 the acres cultitivated were 68,121; in pasture, 109,149; woodland, 40,350; lying waste, 273: produced in wheat, 81,869 bushels; corn, 514,155; apples, 303,928; sheep, 141,345; coal, 216,630 tons. School census 1886, 5,513; teachers, 124. It has 63 miles of railroad.

Population in 1840 was 18,108; in 1860, 15,738; 1880, 16,416, of whom 14,283 were Ohio-born.

This county was named from Charles Carroll, of Carrollton, Md., the last survivor of the signers of the Declaration of Independence. He died at Baltimore, Nov. 14, 1833, aged ninety-six years. He was born Sept. 20, 1737; was of Irish descent, a Catholic, and highly educated in France and in London, thus passing his time from the age of eight years to that of twenty-eight, when he returned to Maryland a fine scholar and a polished gentleman. When informed by Gen. H. A. Stidger, of this county, on a visit to Baltimore, that Ohio had named a county in his honor he was extremely pleased; this was about six months before his decease.

The Sandy and Beaver Canal extends from the Ohio river through Columbiana, Carroll, Stark, and Tuscarawas counties. It was begun in 1835 and it was navigable to some extent until 1850, when it was abandoned. The aggregate loss to the stockholders was nearly two millions of dollars. Its principal use was as a feeder for mills. It is said that only one boat ever made the entire passage through it. This was by the contractors who built it, and because it was conditional upon their receiving their pay for its completion.

The following items upon the history of Carrollton and Carroll county are derived mainly from a series of articles, "Annals of Carroll County," written for the Carroll Free Press by Peter M. Herold.

Centreville, now Carrollton, was laid out by Peter Bohart, Oct. 4, 1815; Hon. Isaac Atkinson gave much of the land for the site. Bohart was a Pennsylvania German and came here about 1810. About the same time came Richard Baxter, Richard Elson, Isaac Dwyer and some others. At that time the line between Stark and Columbiana counties ran just west of the village. Here Mr. Dwyer built what he called upon the sign "The Rising Sun Tavern." When the (Quaker) Commissioners of Columbiana county refused to grant him license to sell strong drinks he removed his bar into the room on the Stark county side of the line and handed down the bottles and mixed toddies with impunity. Peter Bohart gave the land for the Carrollton cemetery and is buried in it, where also is buried Joseph Bushong, a soldier of the Revolutionary war, and several soldiers of the Mexican war. On the farm of Nathaniel L. Shaw, in Washington township, is a prehistoric graveyard containing the remains of a people that were buried in earthenware coffins, two or three of which were unearthed a few years ago when digging a cellar.

Thomas L. Patton, the first child born in Carrollton, was an officer in the Union army in the Rebellion, and is now living here, as is also John Beatty, the first sheriff of Carroll county. He was born Oct. 4, 1804. Among his recollections is attending a Whig meeting at Massillon, July 4, 1838, where Gen. Harrison made an address. On the platform were the "Poe Brothers," Adam and Andrew, the Indian fighters, whose noted fight is related under the head of Columbiana county. They were then very old and imbecile.

Gen. B. F. Potts, originally colonel Thirty-second Ohio volunteer infantry, was born in Fox township. He was, when a member of the Ohio Senate, offered by Grant the governorship of Montana. He refused to accept it at the time, though he did so later, and his refusal was because the adoption by Chio of the fifteenth amendment to the constitution depended upon his vote, which would be lost if he vacated his seat.

In that daring railroad raid in Georgia of a band of Ohio men from Gen. Mitchell's army was Wm. Campbell, a native of Fox township, and he was one of those executed. His mother's maiden name was Jane Morgan, and she was a cousin of Gen. John Morgan, of the rebel army.

When Morgan was on his raid through Ohio he passed through Carroll county, and in Fox township he took dinner with Mrs. Allison, whose maiden name was Keziah Morgan. She was the sister of Mrs. Campbell, and therefore also a cousin of Morgan. While eating his dinner the family genealogy was traced back to Kentucky. Ere he left, the old lady gave him a clean shirt, of which John was sadly in need, and he went on his way rejoicing, with a good dinner inside and a clean shirt out. Several of Morgan's men who were wounded were obliged to remain behind at Mrs. Allison's, and were consequently soon taken prisoners by the Union soldiers. Mrs. Campbell is still living, but since the execution of her son she cannot talk upon that subject without its effects showing upon her mind; she imagines she has a mortgage upon the government. She is twice a widow; her first husband was a soldier in the Mexican war. Her last husband's name was Shipley, and her present residence is near Caldwell, Noble county.

CARROLLTON IN 1846.-Carrollton, the county-seat, is 125 miles east-northeast from Columbus. It was originally called Centretown, but on the organization of the county changed to its present name. It has a public square in the centre-shown in the engraving-on which stand the county buildings. It contains 1 Presbyterian, 1 Lutheran, 1 Methodist Episcopal and 1 Associate Reformed church, 6 mercantile stores, 2 printing offices, and 800 inhabitants.-Old Edition.

Carrollton, the county-seat, is on the C. & C. R. R., eighty-seven miles southeasterly from Cleveland. County officers, 1888: Probate Judges, James Holden and Junius C. Ferrall; Clerk of Court, Harvey B. Gregg; Sheriff, John Campbell; Prosecuting Attorney, Irving H. Blythe; Auditor, Luther M. Barrick; Treasurer, John B. Van Fossen; Recorder, Will. J. Baxter; Surveyor, Richard

H. Lee; Coroner, Harvey D. Dunlap; Commissioners, James Murray, Wm. Davis, James H. Rhinehart.

Newspapers: Chronicle, Democratic, J.V. Lawler & Bro., publishers; Free Press, Republican, John H. Tripp, publisher, Peter M. Herold, local editor; Republican,

Republican, S. T. Cameron & Co., publishers. Churches: 1 Methodist Episcopal, 1 Presbyterian, 1 Lutheran, 1 Reformed and 1 United Presbyterian. Banks: Cummings & Couch; Stockton Bros., V. Stockton, cashier. Population in 1880, 1,136. School census 1886, 417. A. M. Fishell, superintendent. In October, 1887, "no saloon in the town and no prisoners in the county jail."

The engraving shows the new court-house and other buildings on the public square. This was finished in 1886, costing with jail in the rear about $150,000. It is built mainly of Navarre sandstone, with some from Berea. It is just to the left of the old court-house shown in the old view. The old court-house was sold on the 11th of June for $196 and the bell for $138.

Daniel McCook, father of one of the two famous families of "Fighting

McCooks," was the first clerk of court of Carroll county after its formation, in the winter of 1832-33. He resided in the large, white house shown on the corner, to the right of the old court-house, at the time the view was drawn ; and it was the birthplace of several of his family. It is now partly occupied by Geo. J. Butler as a dry-goods store.