his term of office. At the election of Governor, a Lieutenant Governor is also chosen, who is Speaker of the Senate, and on whom the duties of the Governor devolve, in case of his absence or removal. The representatives and one quarter of the members of the senate are elected annually by the people, on the first Monday in August; the governor is elected by the people, every fourth year, at the same time; and he commences the execution of his office on the fourth Tuesday succeeding the day of the commencement of the election at which he is chosen. The polls are kept open three days; and the votes are given openly, or viva voce, and not by ballot. The General Assembly meets (at Frankfort) annually on the first Monday in November. The Constitution grants the right of suffrage to every free, male citizen (people of color excepted), who has attained the age of 21 years, and has resided in the state two years, or in the county where he offers his vote, one year, next preceding the election. The judiciary power is vested in a Supreme Court, styled the Court of Appeals, and in such inferior courts as the General Assembly may, from time to time, erect and establish. The judges of the different courts and justices of the peace, hold their offices during good behavior. EXECUTIVE AND LEGISLATURE. Salary. Thomas Metcalfe, Governor; (term of office expires in Sept. 1832.) $2,000 John Breathitt, Lieut. Gov. and Speaker of the Senate-Pay $4 a day while presiding over the Senate. Those in the first column have one year to serve; in tne second, 2; m the third, 3; and in the fourth, 4. The senators and representatives receive $2 each for every day's attendance, and $2 for every 20 miles' travel. The state is divided into 15 districts for the holding of the Circuit Courts. The Circuit Judges, who receive a salary of $1,000 each, are as follows. County Courts are held by justices of the peace, who are paid by fees. Any three justices of the peace may hold a court once in every month, except the month when the Circuit Court is held. BANKS. The Bank of the United States has Offices of Discount and Deposit at Lexington and Louisville. There are two banks chartered by the state, namely, the Bank of Kentucky and the Bank of the Commonwealth of Kentucky, at Frankfort, formerly having branches in other places; but they have withdrawn all their branches, and are now winding up their accounts. The state owns a part of the stock of the former of the two banks, and the whole of that of the latter. TAXES. Amount o taxable property in the state, in lanas, slaves, houses, carriages, &c., according to returns made to the auditor, $104,647,736, paying a tax of 64 cents on $100; yielding, Tax on studs according to income; 1,375 in number, Total tax $65,404 83 4,100 72 3,490 00 $72,995 55 PENITENTIARY AND HOSPITALS. The state Penitentiary, at Frankfort, contained, in September, 1830, 101 convicts. This institution was formerly an expense to the state; but since 1825, under the management of its present keeper (Mr. Joel Scott), it has more than supported itself. At Lexington there is a Lunatic Asylum; at Danville, an Asylum for the Deaf and Dumb; at Louisville and Smithland, on the Ohio, Hospitals for sick and disabled boatmen. INTERNAL IMPROVEMENT. A canal about 2 miles long, around the Falls of the Ohio, at Louisville, is in progress, and is expected to be completed before the end of the year 1830. Of the Turnpike Road (macadamized), from Maysville to Lexington, 5 miles are now completed, and the greater part of the remainder is under contract. A rail road is also projected from Lexington to the Ohio. EDUCATION. Transylvania University at Lexington (containing, in 1830, 143 undergraduates, 62 in the preparatory department, 200 medical students, and 19 law students), is patronized by the state; St. Joseph's College, at Bardstown (150 students), by the Catholics; Centre College, at Danville, by the Presbyterians; Augusta College, at Augusta (35 students), by the Methodists; Cumberland College, at Princeton, by the Cumberland Presbyterians; and Georgetown College, at Georgetown (35 students), by the Baptists. Many years since the state appropriated 6,000 acres of land for the purpose of endowing an academy in each county; but the appropriations have been, for the most part, so managed, that little public benefit has been derived from them. The legislature has several times taken steps towards introducing a system of common schools; but nothing effectual has yet been accomplished. A Literary Fund was created, some years since, from a portion of the profits arising from the Bank of the Commonwealth; but unfortunately the state has of late been annually encroaching upon this Fund to defray the public expenses. XXI. OHIO. THE first permanent settlement of Ohio was commenced at Marietta, in 1788; in 1789, the country was put under a territorial government, and called the Western Territory, which name was afterwards altered to the Territory Northwest of the Ohio; and in 1802, it was erected into an independent state. GOVERNORS. 1789 Arthur St. Clair, Governor till the end of the territorial government. The Constitution of this state was formed, at Chillicothe, in 1802. The legislative power is vested in a Senate and House of Representatives, which together are styled The General Assembly of the State of Ohio. The representatives are elected annually on the second Tuesday in October; and they are apportioned among the counties according to the number of white, male inhabitants above 21 years of age. Their number cannot be less than 36, nor more than 72. The senators are chosen biennially, and are apportioned according to the number of white, male inhabitants of 21 years of age. Their number cannot be less than one third, nor more than one half of the number of representatives. The executive power is vested in a Governor, who is elected by the people for two years, on the second Tuesday in October; and his term of service commences on the first Monday in December. The General Assembly meets annually (at Columbus), on the first Monday in December. The right of suffrage is granted to all white, male inhabitants, above the age of 21 years, who have resided in the state one year next preceding the election, and who have paid, or are charged with a state or county tax. The judicial power is vested in a Supreme Court, in Courts of Common Pleas for each county, and such other courts as the legislature may, from time to time, establish. The judges are elected by a joint ballot of both Houses of the General Assembly for the term of 7 years. GOVERNMENT. Allen Trimble, Governor, (term of office expires on the first Monday in December, 1830); salary $1,200. The senators (36) and representatives (72) receive $3 a day each, and 3 cents a mile for travel. For the holding of the Courts of Common Pleas, the state is divided into nine districts or circuits, in each of which there is a presiding judge, who holds annually three courts in each county within his district. The salary of each of these judges is $1,000. The names of the present presiding judges are as follows. These judges are severally assisted by three associate judges in each county, who receive $2 a day during their attendance at court. BANKS. The Bank of the United States has an office of Discount and Deposit at Cincinnati; and under the authority of the state are the following banks, namely, the Banks of Chillicothe, Marietta, St. Clairsville, Steubenville, Mount Pleasant, and Canton; Franklin Bank of Columbus, at Columbus; Lancaster Ohio Bank, at Lancaster; Urbana Banking Company, at Urbana; Bank of Scioto, at Portsmouth; and Western Reserve Bank, at Warren. The actual capital of the banks chartered by the state, which differs much from their nominal capital, cannot be easily ascertained, as they are not obliged by law to publish the state of their funds. INTERNAL IMPROVEMENT. The governor of Ohio, in his Address to the legislature, at a late session, gives the following view of the progress of internal improvement, and of the finances of the state. "The great work of internal communication in this state [the Canal from the Ohio to Lake Erie] advances towards completion with a firmness commensurate with its grandeur, and the interests it is intended to promote. The residue of the entire line of Canal is now under contract, to be com |