much as the thesis of the third and sixth foot is compe a pause; hence the diaeresis after the third as As it therefore consists of twice two and a half d it was called the pentameter. According to the e opinion of some grammarians, it is so called bet composed of two dactyls, a spondee and two ass The diaeresis after the first trimeter is always served; only once in Callimachus it is neglected i Ἱερὰ νῦν δὲ Διοσκουρίδες πατή An elision does not remove the diaeresis, a Me Τὸν τριπάνουργον Ἔρατ ̓ ἔπλασε τες Catull. LXVIII. 82, 90. Quam veniens una atque alterar The Greeks allowed themselves, though hiatus in the diaeresis and the short for the long a The 478, ed. Bekker, 992, 2. Ούτε τι γὰρ νήφω ούτε ένα κελία Χαιρήσεις. δύναται άλλοτε άλας κα comp. Friedemann de media sl Οὕτως, ώσπερ τὸν οὐδεις τ For the first two dactyls of the pea p. 602. C. Dionysius of Athens, he pentameter as the proöde of vever it is less suited: ἱ Μελάνιππος ἔφυ ρίοις φιλότατος. y the line only among the later hiop. III. p. 129. ed. Commel., Epigr. IV (Brunk. Anal. Tom. ntent. VII. sap. Thales, and 's epigram: also stand; the last two complete fie maig lede tyls, as Ovid. Amor. III. 15. 1.2. Raditur hic Elegis fi 1.4. Nec me deliciae dedece 12. Moenia, quae camp 1.18. Pulsanda est magni tyl, than the reverse. er produces a comic effect. peiovoos. According to TeAndronicus used these two but the verses which he cites clude cothurno, cres in pectore sinus, epitent tibi terga pharetra certa cubilia canes. ts of a tetrameter dact. acat. es perhaps combined in the e is a monometer trochaicus yphallic. of the Augustan age and later, like best to close the pentameter with a word of two syllables, which however in Övid seldom ends with a short vowel, as Heroid. III. 152. Pergama, materiam caedis ab hoste pete, but commonly with a long vowel or consonant. Tibullus and Propertius, and especially Catullus, are less careful in this. Words of three, four and five syllables are more rare in Ovid, as Pont. I. 8. 40. Quolibet ut saltem rure frui liceat. Trist. IV. 10. 2. Quem legis, ut noris, accipe, posteritas. Trist. IV. 5. 24. Indeclinatae munus amicitiae. The harshest is a word of three syllables coming at the end, because then the last arsis but one falls on the final syllable ́of a word, which is contrary to the Latin accentuation. Yet Catullus often closes the verse in this manner. The harshness is softened, when a monsyllable precedes the final word, as Catull. LXV. 8. Ereptum nostris obterit ex oculis. A monosyllable is not readily admitted in the middle or at the end of a pentameter, as Catull. CIII. 2. Ovid. Pont. I. 6. 26. Ambobus mihi quae carior est oculis. Omnis an in magnos culpa deos, scelus est. The monosyllabic word is less offensive, when another precedes it, as Ovid. Pont. I. 6. 46. Fast. VI. 550. Magna tamen spes est in bonitate dei. Nomina mutarunt, hic deus, illa dea est. It is usual to close a thought at the same time with the distich; several distichs, however, may form a period. Both half verses are usually closed with two words that belong together, as Ovid. Art. am. I. 13 sqq. Qui toties socios, totius exterruit hostes, The elegiac distich is by its nature excluded from the drama. Euripides uses it only once, Androm. 103–116, in a passage where the elegiac subject seems to require it. According to Athen. XIII. p. 602. C. Dionysius of Athens, surnamed the Brazen, used the pentameter as the proöde of the hexameter, for which however it is less suited: Εὐδαίμων Χαρίτων καὶ Μελάνιππος ἔφυ Θείας ἁγητῆρες ἐφαμερίοις φιλότατος. The pentameter is used by the line only among the later poets, as by Heliodorus, Aethiop. III. p. 129. ed. Commel., by Philippus of Thessalonica, Epigr. IV (Brunk. Anal. Tom. II. p. 212), by Ausonius, Sentent. VII. sap. Thales, and Martianus Capella. In Virgil's epigram: Hos ego versiculos feci, tulit alter honores; Sic vos non vobis fertis aratra boves, the repetition of the pentameter produces a comic effect. (7) The epode is a hexameter uɛíovoos. According to Terent. Maur. p. 2425, Livius Andronicus used these two verses combined in the Ino; but the verses which he cites are certainly not by Livius: Et jam purpureo suras include cothurno, Balteus et revocet volucres in pectore sinus, The principal verse consists of a tetrameter dact. acat. with an ithyphallic, sometimes perhaps combined in the asynartete manner. The epode is a monometer trochaicus cum anacr., followed by an ithyphallic. Archilochus : Τοῖος γὰρ φιλότητος ἔρως ὑπὸ καρδίην ἑλιχθεὶς Simonides: Μνήσομαι, οὐ γὰρ ἔοικεν ἀνώνυμον ἐνθάδ' Αρχεναύτεω Horace has this distich, Carm. I. 4. Solvitur acris hiems grata vice veris et Favoni, Ac neque jam stabulis gaudet pecus, aut arator igni ; The dactylic tetrameter has the caesura πενθημιμερής, and besides this, the ithyphallic is separated from it, and from the trochaic monometer by the diaeresis. The fourth foot of the dactylic is never a spondee; but the third is very frequently. The principal verse is like that in (8); the epode is a monomet. troch. cum anacr. with a following logaoedicus dactyl. duplex dupliciter troch. acat. Simonides: Πολλάκι δὴ φυλῆς ̓Ακαμαντίδος ἐν χοροῖσιν Ωραι Οἱ τόνδε τρίποδά σφισι μάρτυρα Βακχίων αέθλων In the principal verse the diaeresis is once neglected in a compound word: V. 9. Τῶν ἐχορήγησεν κύκλον μελίγηρυν Ιππόνικος. In the epode, the trochaic rhythm is always separated from the dactylic by a diaeresis. (10) X-/ The principal verse as in (8); the epode is a Phalaeceus hendecasyllabus. Callim. Epigr. XLII. Ἱερέη Δήμητρος ἐγώ ποτε, καὶ πάλιν Καβείρων, (11) X-/ The proöde is a Palaeceus hendecasyllabus; the principal verse as in (8). Theocr. Epigr. XVIII. Ὁ μικκὸς τόδ ̓ ἔτευξε τᾷ Θρεΐσσα Μήδειος τὸ μνᾶμ ̓ ἐπὶ τῇ ὁδῷ, κἠπέγραψε Κλείτας. Ὧν τὸν χῶρον ἔθρεψε. τί μὴν ; ἔτι χρησίμα καλεῖται. The proöde consists of two ithyphallics with an anacrusis prefixed; the principal verse as in (8). Callim. Epigr. XLI. Δήμητρι τῇ Πυλαίῃ τῇ τοῦτον οὐκ Πελασγῶν |