unless this rhythm, like most of those cited by Hephaestion as ionic, is choriambic; at least, so it seems according to the other fragment, which Hephaestion cites, which, because it begins with a short, must be thus measured: Πόας τέρεν ἄνθος μαλακὸν ματεῦσαι. Otherwise, the short would have to be explained as a license. The catalectic occurs, according to Hermann, Plaut. Amph. I. 1, 14-18. Cógít me qui hóc nóctis a portu. (3) The Tetrapody or the Tetrameter.—Tetrameter ionicus. The Versus Sotadeus or Sotadic verse, used by Sotades and many others, also by the Romans, as Ennius, Plautus, Martial. Of the various licenses of the verse, see below. B. Rising Rhythms.-Ionici a minore. The ionic a minore is the ionic a majore reversed. It also consists of six times, two of which are in the thesis, four in the arsis: The second arsis has accordingly the strongest intensity In itself the rhythm is arrhythmic, but the arrhythmy is softened by certain means. As the ground foot ends in the arsis, the rising ionic rhythm delights in the diaeresis, and it is possible to supply by the pause so much as is necessary to restore the rhythmical equilibrium, as, Miserarum est neque amori dare ludum neque dulci. The arrhythmy is further softened by the substitution of the trochaic dipody and by the peculiar break or άváxλaois that takes place here (P. 1. ch. 10. p. 37). The arses of the ionic are, in a less rigid use, resolved; the thesis is but seldom contracted. The ionic a minore has the character of discord and wild enthusiasm; hence it was mostly used for the Phrygian mood, with the accompaniment of cymbals and other noisy instruments. It was especially used for Dionysiac and erotic poems and for phrenzied songs to Cybele. It is unknown to the Dorian lyric poetry; the dramatists, on the other hand, use the ionic frequently in choruses, whose subject is sometimes imploring, sometimes bacchic. It was also used in mourning songs. The ionic is capable of only one catalexis, namely, in tri syllabum On account of the termination on the arsis, the diaeresis predominates. Sometimes the ionic rhythm receives, at the end, one trochee more, as a logaoedic prolongation; the preceding long of the ionic in that case appears as a short. Such a rhythm might also be regarded as a catalectic. (1) The Monopody or the Monometer.-Monometer ionicus a minore. does not occur; though it seems often to stand before other rhythms, it is in those cases not an ionic, but a dimeter ana (2) The Dipody or the Dimeter.-Dimeter ionicus a minore. In the pure form it was used according to Hephaestion by Alcman: Ἑκατὸν μὲν Διὸς υἱοὶ Τάδε Μῶσαι κροκόπεπλοι. The ionic systems, of which below, are mostly arranged by dimeters, but in such a manner that a monometer sometimes remains. As the Anacreontic verse, versus Anacreonteus, it appears mostly in the broken form, but sometimes the pure or polyschematist form occurs with the broken. In antistrophic poems, the polyschematist or broken form may correspond to the original form. The Anacreontic verse is used sometimes by the line, sometimes by systems. It also occurs singly, as Aeschyl. Agam. 746, 747. Δύσεδρος καὶ δυσόμιλος Συμένα Πριαμίδαισι. The dimeter sometimes takes a trochee as a logaoedic ending: with which often a system closes, as Eur. Bacch. 537, 555. Ἔτι σοι τοῦ Βρομίου μελήσει. Φονίου δ ̓ ἀνδρὸς ὕβριν κατάσχες. A remarkable logaoedic ending is found in the closing verse of the Anacreontic system, in Eur. Cycl. 510. Φέρε μοι, ξεῖνε, φέρ' ἀσκὸν ἔνδος μοι. According to Hephaestion, the catalectic dimeter was used by Timocreon: Σικελὸς κομψὸς ἀνὴρ (3) The Tripody or the Trimeter.—Trimeter ionicus a minore. acatalectus. catalecticus. The acatalectic trimeter seems to have been much used particularly by the Aeolic lyric poets. Hephaestion cites from Sappho: Από μοι θανεῖν γένοιτ'. οὐ γὰρ ἂν ἄλλῃ Λύσις ἐκ πόνων γένοιτ', οὐδαμὰ τῶνδε. With a logaoedic prolongation: Anacreon in Hephaestion: Μεγάλῳ δ' ηὖτε μ' ἔρως ἔκοψεν ὥστε χαλκεὺς According to Hephaestion Anacreon used the catalectic dimeter : Διονύσου σαύλαι Βασσαρίδες. (4) The Tetrapody or the Tetrameter.—Tetrameter ionicus a minore. acatalectus. catalecticus. The former often apparently occurs in the pure form; it is then a part of a system. It is used singly, as Aeschyl. Agam. 745, 758. Παρακλίνουσ ̓ ἐπέκρανεν δὲ γάμου πικρὰς τελευτάς. Δίχα δ ̓ ἄλλων μονόφρων εἰμὶ, τὸ γὰρ δυσσεβὲς ἔργον. Anacreon in Hephaestion: Παρὰ δ' ηὖτε Πυθόμανδρον κατέδυν ἔρωτα φεύγων. The catalectic tetrameter is the versus Galliambus, which occurs sometimes pure, sometimes polyschematist. According to Hephaestion, the tragic poets Phrynichus also used the catalectic tetrameter, as, Τό γε μὴν ξείνια δούσαις λόγος, ὥσπερ λέγεται and the comic Phrynichus: Α δ ̓ ἀνάγκα 'σθ' ἱερεῦσιν καθαρεύειν φράσομεν. |