(3) The Tripody or the Trimeter.-Trimeter creticus. The former is often found singly, as Aesch. Suppl. 428. Μή τι τλῆς τὴν ἱκέτιν εἰσιδεῖν. also in the Roman dramatic poets, as Plaut. Rud. III. 4, 61. Heús, Palaestra! - obsecro, quí vocat? Ampelisca, heús! - quis est, qui vocat? It receives also the anacrusis: -/ a monometer iambicus with a cretic dimeter, as Pind. Pyth. V. 9. Ἕκατι χρυσαρμάτου Κάστορος, and the iambic basis: a dochmius with a cretic dimeter, as Aesch. Agam. 1118. Κατολολυξάτω θύματος λευσίμου. Trochaic prolongations are likewise frequent, as Aesch. Eum. 323. Κλυθ'. ὁ Λατοῦς γὰρ ινίς μ' ἄτιμον τίθησι. Aesch. Agam. 180. Μνησιπήμων πόνος, καὶ παρ ̓ ἄκοντας ἦλθε σωφρονεῖν. The catalectic trimeter occurs more rarely, as Aesch, Agam. 1142. Νόμον ἄνομον, οἷά τις ξουθά. If the verse takes an anacrusis, and the anacrusis appears as a long, there results an apparent trimeter palimbacchius : Σοί, Φοίβε, Μοῦσαί τε, συμβῶμεν. The catalectic trimeter also sometimes occurs in the Roman comic writers, as Plaut. Rud. IV. 3. 10. Té mihi nón fore infidum. (4) The Tetrapody or the Tetrameter.-Tetrameter creticus. The acatalectic tetrameter was often used by the Greek comic poets, as Arist. Vesp. 419. Κεἴ τις ἄλλος προέστηκεν ὑμῶν κόλαξ. Arist. Georg. in Hephaestion: Ἐν ἀγορᾷ δ ̓ αὖ πλάτανον εὖ διαφυτεύσομεν. Arist. Acharn. 976. Αυτόματα πάντ' ἀγαθὰ τῷδέ γε πορίζεται. The Roman tragic and comic poets also have the tetrameter very frequently, as Ennius in Cic. Tusc. Quaest. III. 19. Quid petam praésidi aut éxsequar? quóve nunc Auxilio éxilî aút fugae fréta sim? Arce et urbe órba sum, quo áccidam? quo ápplicem ? Plaut. Rud. I. 3. 31. Hóc quod induta sum, summae opes óppido. Néc cibum, néc locum técta quo sím, scio. It occurs with the anacrusis in Pindar and the tragedians: a monometer iamb. with a cretic trimeter, Pind. Olymp. II. 5. Θήρωνα δὲ τετραορίας ἕνεκα νικαφόρου. Soph. Elec. 1419. Τελοῦσ ̓ ἀραί· ζῶσιν οἱ γᾶς ὑπαὶ κείμενοι, with a preceding iamb, Pind. Olymp. II. 2. Τίνα θεόν, τίν ἥρωα, τίνα δ ̓ ἄνδρα κελαδήσομεν ; The comic poets have likewise the catalectic, as Arist. Lys. Κοὐκέτι κατῆλθε πάλιν οἴκαδ ̓ ὑπὸ μίσους. Plaut. Trin. II. 1. 17. Dá mihi hoc mél meum, sí me amas, si aúdis. With the anacrusis it occurs in Pind. Olymp. II. Epod. 4. w Λάθα δὲ πότμῳ σὺν εὐδαίμονι γένοιτ' ἄν. (5) The Pentapody or the Pentameter.-Pentameter creticus. The former is sometimes used by the line in the Alexandrian writers, sometimes singly by the comic poets, as Arist. Ach. 972. Οἱ ἔχει σπεισάμενος ἐμπορικὰ χρήματα διεμπολᾶν. Theopompus especially is said to have used it, hence versus Theopompeus, as, Πάντ' ἀγαθὰ δὴ γέγονεν ἀνδράσιν ἐμῆς ἀπὸ συνουσίας. Among the lyric poets Bacchylides used it by the line. The catalectic pentameter seems not to have been in use. (6) The Hexapody or the Hexameter.-Hexameter creticus. The former is said to have been used by Bacchylides, hence metrum Bacchylideum, but the verses cited by Dionys. Hal. seem rather to form a cretic system. See below. The comic poets have the hexameter, as Arist. Acharn. 210, 211. Ἐκπέφευγ', οἴχεται φροῦδος. οἴμοι τάλας τῶν ἐτῶν τῶν ἐμῶν. Οὐκ ἂν ἐπ' ἐμῆς γε νεότητος, ὅτ' ἐγὼ φέρων ἀνθράκων φορτίον. It is found with the anacrusis, Arist. Aves 410. Τύχη δὲ ποία κομίζει ποτ ̓ αὐτῷ πρὸς ὄρνιθας ἐλθεῖν ; – ἔρως Βίου διαίτης τε καὶ σοῦ ξυνοικεῖν τέ σοι καὶ ξυνεῖναι τὸ πᾶν. The catalectic hexameter, according to Hephaestion, was used by Alcman, hence Versus Alcmanius. Αφροδίτα μὲν οὐκ ἔστι, μάργος δ ̓ Ἔρως, οἷα παῖς, παίσδει, "Ακρ' ἐπ' ἄνθη καβαίνων, ἃ μή μοι θίγῃς τῷ κυπαρίσκῳ. (b) Cretics with the irrational thesis. The Greek tragedians, and after them the older comic writers, allowed themselves, particularly in those choral songs, in which the greatest distraction of feeling or the deepest sorrow prevails, certain licenses as to measure, which do not occur in the Dorian lyric poetry. With this less strict observance of the lyrical laws (avouaλía) there probably was also connected a great freedom in the singing and the musical accompaniment, and this delivery, like the modern recitative, is called by Aristotle (Prob. IX. 6.) naqaxaraλorn. The inventor of it according to Plutarch (de Mus. 1141. A.) was Archilochus. The cretic, in this paracataloge, might also take the middle time, especially in certain combinations: 1 hence we will call it the irrational cretic. It most frequently appears with the iamb prefixed as a dochmius: In this measure, all the longs, except the two irrational ones, can be resolved. If the dochmius does not close the system or the rhythmical series, then two shorts may also be put for the last long; at the close, only the long or the short stands. The shortening of a long by the hiatus takes place in the dochmius, only in the two shorts, which stand for the first arsis, as, Ωμοι ἐμῶν νόστων. Είθε μοι ὀμμάτων. The dochmius has thirty-two different forms, all of which, however, are not equally in use. 16. --པ་ 135221 པ ἁλμυρὸν ἐπὶ πόντον. Eur. Hipp. 1973. The following forms can only be used when they occur in combination with other rhythms. 17. nolírais enαvov. Aesch. Eum. 790. |