claim on his favor. The cure of ten lepers, of whom only one, a Samari-
tan, proves grateful. The reign of God 'not introduced with outward
show. The coming to judgment sudden and unexpected, like the deluge,
and the destruction of Sodom. That disciple is fortified against danger
who prefers his Master to every earthly thing. The parable of the impor-
tunate widow and the unjust judge. The devotions of the Pharisee and of
the publican compared. The people encouraged to bring their children to
Jesus. What must be done to obtain eternal life. How far the desire of
perfection would lead us. Riches a great obstacle to men's admission into
the kingdom. The reward of them who abandon any thing for Jesus.
His death and resurrection foretold. The cure of a blind beggar. The
conversion of Zaccheus. The parable of the pounds, .
288
Section XII. The Entry into Jerusalem.-Ch. xix. 28, etc. xx. xxi. 1–4.
Jesus rides into the city on an ass, the multitude accompanying him with
shouts—laments the obduracy of the city, and foretells its fate-drives the
traffickers out of the temple-silences the chief priests and others who
questioned his authority. The parable of the husbandmen who ill-treated
and killed their landlord's messengers-foretells the rejection of the Jews,
and the admission of the Gentiles into the church-eludes the craft of the
Pharisees, who question him on the lawfulness of paying tribute to Cæsar
-vindicates the resurrection against the Sadducees-puzzles the Pharisees
about the meaning of an expression in the Psalms--warns his hearers
against the vanity and arrogance of the Scribes, teaches that charity is to
be rated more by the ability of the giver than by the greatness of the
gift, · · ·
.
.
.
. 293
SECTION XIII. The Last Supper.-Ch. xxi. 5, etc. xxii. 1–53.
The destruction of the temple foretold. The calamities by which it would
be preceded. The signs that judgment is nigh. The punishment of the
wicked will prove the deliverance of the saints. The need of unremitted
vigilance. The rulers consult together about putting Jesus to death. Judas
sells him to them. Jesus eats the passover with his disciples-institutes the
commemoration of his death-acquaints them of the treachery of one of
them-assures them that, in his reign, humility and usefulness will prove
the only genuine honor—foretells the transgression of Peter, and some of
the calamities to which they were soon to be exposed. The agony on
Mount Olivet. He is seized by an armed multitude conducted by Judas-
heals the high priest's servant, whose ear had been cut off by one of the
apostles,
296
Section XIV. The Crucifixion.—Ch. xxii. 54, etc. xxii, 1–49.
Jesus is brought to the high-priest's house-denied by Peter-abused by the
servants-tried by the Sanhedrim, and condemned-consigned to the Ro-
man procurator, before whom they accuse him of sedition and rebellion.
Pilate, not convinced, sends him to Herod, then at Jerusalem. Herod, dis-
appointed of seeing him perform miracles, derides him, and remands him to
Pilate. Pilate, perceiving his innocence, tries in vain to save him, on
pretence of granting him to the prayer of the people, accustomed to obtain
the release of a prisoner at the passover ; but they and their rulers obstinate.
ly demand the crucifixion of Jesus, and the release of Barabbas, impris-
oned for sedition and murder. Pilate reluctantly consents to gratify them.
Jesus led to Calvary, the cross carried by Simon a Cyrenian-is followed
by some female disciples, who lament him-is nailed to the cross between
two malefactors-prays for his enemies—is insulted by all ranks. One of
the malefactors joins in insulting him, and is rebuked by the other. Jesus
promises paradise to the penitent criminal. The death of Jesus, attended
with such prodigies as confound the centurion and other spectators, . 299
SECTION XV. The Resurrection.—Ch. xxiii. 50, etc. xxiv.
The body of Jesus given to Joseph of Arimathea, who deposites it in his own
sepulchre. The resurrection of Jesus announced by angels to some pious
women at the sepulchre. These report it to the disciples. Peter hastens to
the sepulchre, where he finds nothing but the linen. Jesus appears to two
disciples on the way to Emmaus. He appears to Peter, and afterwards to
the eleven. He eats with them, and shows them from the Scriptures the
necessity of his death and resurrection; commissions them to preach his
doctrine, after the instructions they were soon to receive from the Holy
Spirit; leads them out to Bethany; and, having blessed them, ascends into
heaven.
Section I. The Incarnation.—Ch. i.
The pre-existence, divinity, and creative exertion of the Word. The light of
the world. The end of John's mission. The reception of the Word among
God's ancient people. The word incarnate, the interpreter of God, the
fountain of grace and truth to men, visits the earth. The Baptist's testi-
mony concerning himself; concerning the Messiah, whom God had indica-
ted to him by a visible token. Two of John's disciples, induced by their
Master's testimony, follow Jesus. Others also called by Jesus, : 423
Section II. The Entrance on the Ministry.—Ch. ï. jü.
Jesus turns water into wine at a marriage in Cana; goes to Jerusalem ; drives
the traffickers out of the temple ; silences those who questioned his authori-
ty; makes many converts, but not all worthy of confidence; is visited se-
cretly by Nicodemus, a magistrate, with whom he converses on regenera-
tion, faith, and fortitude in the cause of truth. Jesus retires into the coun-
try; employs his disciples in baptizing: this is reported to John, who gives
his testimony of Jesus, exalting his mission and personal dignity much
above his own,
. . .
426
. . .
Section III. The Journey to Galilee.-Ch. iv.
Jesus, near Sychar of Samaria, enters into conversation with a Samaritan
woman : discovers himself to her to be the Messiah. The disciples, who
had gone into the city to buy food, are surprised to find them conversing
together. He acquaints his disciples, that to do the work for which he was
sent, was to him as food ; goes into the city ; stays two days, making many
converts : returns to Galilee ; heals the courtier's son who lay sick at Cå.
pernaum,
Section IV. The Cure at Bethesda.-Ch. v.
The supernatural cures wrought at Bethesda by the agitation of the water.
A diseased man who lay there, waiting such a cure, healed on the Sabbath
by Jesus, who commanded him to carry home his couch. Hence some al-
tercation of the Jews,-first with the man-afterwards with Jesus. Jesus al-
leges the example of his Father, from whom he derives both the power where-
by he acts, and the wisdom wherewith he teaches. His mission proved by
-1. the testimony of John; 2. the miracles he wrought ; 3. the decla-
ration of the Father at his baptism ; 4. the Jewish Scriptures, . 431
Section V. The People fed in the Desert.-Ch. vi. vii. 1.
Jesus feeds five thousand miraculously in the desert. While his disciples
embark, he retires from the multitude, who intend by force to make him
their king. The night being stormy, he follows his disciples, walking on
the sea; enters their vessel, which immediately reaches the intended port;
instructs the people who flock about him, as to the object most worthy of
their labor ; declares himself the bread of life, the source of spiritual nour-
ishment and comfort, prefigured by the manna which the Israelites ate in
the desert. His language, so strongly metaphorical, proves unintelligible
to many, and makes not a few withdraw altogether. “Jesus having asked
the twelve whether they meant to follow their example, Peter, in the name
of the whole, acknowledges him the Messiah, professing inviolable fidelity.
Jesus acquaints them that even in their small number, there is one per-
fidious, . . . . .
433
. . . .
Section VI. The Feast of Tabernacles.-Ch. vii. 2, etc. viii.
Jesus declines going with his kinsmen to the festival. When they were gone,
sets out privately; teaches in the temple, vindicating his doctrine and
mission. The chief priests and Pharisees send officers to seize him.' He
continues to teach. The people are much divided about him. The officers
return without him, urging for their excuse the unexampled power of his
speeches. The rage of the rulers mildly checked by Nicodemus. Jesus
dismisses the woman taken in adultery; declares himself the light of the
world ; exposes the vanity of the Jewish boasts of liberty; of their relation
to Abraham ; of their relation to God: defends himself against their abuse;
and, when they were preparing to kill him, conveys himself out of their
reach,
436
Section VII.—The Cure of the Man born blind.-Ch. ix. x.
Jesus gives sight to a man blind from his birth. This excites the astonish-
ment of the neighbors. The Pharisees inquire into the fact, examining
first the man, afterwards his parents, then again the man himself. They
acquaint him that the person who had cured him must be a bad man, be-
cause he had done it on the Sabbath. As the man who had been cured de.
clared his dissent from this judgment, they expelled him the synagogue.
Jesus afterwards finding the man, comforts him ; compares himself to the
door of the fold, and to the good shepherd. Divisions among the people
concerning him. His enemies charge him with blasphemy. He vindicates
himself, and eludes their designs,
440
Section VIII. Lazarus raised from the dead.-Ch. xi. xii. 1-11.
Lazarus of Bethany being sick, his sisters send word to Jesus, who, after two
days, returns to Judea, his disciples reluctantly accompanying him. Jesus
restores Lazarus to life, who had been four days buried : —this proved the
means of convincing numbers. The rulers alarmed, convene the Sanhe-
drim, where the destruction of Jesus is determined. He retires into the
country. On the approach of the passover measures are again concerted
against Jesus. He comes to Bethany; sups with Lazarus; his feet anoint-
ed by Mary, who is accused of profusion by Judas, but vindicated by his
Master. Crowds flock to the house, to see not only. Jesus, but Lazarus,
who had been raised from the dead,
443
Section XI. The Crucifixion.-Ch. xviii. xix. 1–37.
Jesus, being betrayed to his enemies by Judas, manifests his power to those
sent to apprehend him ; is brought to the high-priest's house and examined ;
is denied by Peter; consigned to Pilate, who, after inquiry finding no cause
for condemning, offers to the people to release him, according to the cus-
tom which obtained at the passover. The people, influenced by their ru-
lers, refuse Jesus, demanding that he may be crucified, and Barabbas re-
leased. Pilate causes Jesus to be scourged; and, after repeated declara-
tions of his innocence, gives him up to the will of the multitude. Jesus is
brought with two malefactors to Calvary carrying his cross; the charge of
his mother he, from the cross, recommends to his beloved disciple, who
from that time took her to his own house. The soldiers part his garments
among them: one of them, with a spear, pierces the side of Jesus when
dead, ·
· 454
SECTION XII. The Resurrection.-Ch. xix. 38, etc. xx. xxi.
The body of Jesus given to Joseph of Arimathea. He and Nicodemus em-
balm it, and lay it in the sepulchre. The sepulchre is found empty early
on Sunday morning, first by Mary Magdalene, afterwards by Peter and
John. Soon after, Jesus appears to Mary Magdalene at the sepulchre, and
sends her to acquaint his disciples of his resurrection, and that his ascen-
sion would soon follow. In the evening, he appears to the apostles in a
house, and gives them commission to teach. Thomas, who had been ab-
sent, owns to his fellow-disciples his disbelief of their testimony. Jesus
appears again to the apostles, Thomas being present, whose incredulity is
overcome by the evidence he had wanted. Again he appears to the disci-
ples at the Sea of Tiberias, discovering himself by means of an extraordi-
nary draught of fishes; eats with them; draws from Peter thrice, in pres-
ence of the rest, a declaration of his love to him. Jesus gives him charge
of his flock, and foretells his martyrdom ; rebukes his curiosity about the
fate of a fellow-disciple. It was that disciple who wrote this Gospel, and
was witness of most of the things recorded in it,
. . . 458
Notes,
. . . . . . . 461
It is proper to observe, that, in the following Notes, repetitions and unnecessary references are as much as possible avoided. When an useful illustration of any word or phrase is to be found in the Notes on one of the succeeding Gospels, the place is commonly referred to; not so, when it is in one of the preceding, be. cause it may probably be remembered; and if it should not, the margin of the text will direct to the places proper to be consulted. But when the explanation of a term occurs in the Notes on a preceding Gospel, in a passage not marked on the margin as parallel, the place is mentioned in the Notes. In words which frequently recur, it has been judged convenient to adopt the following ABBREVIATIONS.
Al. Alexandrian manuscript
Hey. Heylin An. an S Anonymous English transla- | Itc. Italic * tion in 1729
Itn. Italian Ar. Arias Montanus
J. John Ara Arabic
L. Luke Arm. Armenian
La. Latin Be. Beza
Lu. Luther Beau. Beausobre and Lenfant
L. CI. Le Clerc Ben. Bengelius
M. G. Modern Greek Cal. Calvin
Mr. Mark Cam. Cambridge manuscript
MS. Manuscript Cas. Castalio
Mt. Matthew Cha. Chaldee
N. T. New Testament Chr. Chrysostom
0. T. Old Testament Com. Complutensian edition
P. R. Rort Royal translation Cop. Coptic
Per. Persic Dio. Diodati
Pisc. Piscator Diss. Dissertation
Rh. Rhemish
Dod. Doddridge
Sa. Saci
E. B. Eng. Bible-in common use Sax. Saxon
E. T. English translation—the same Sc. Scott
Eng. English
Sep. Septuagint
Er. Erasmus
Si. Simon Eth. Ethiopic
Sy. Syriac Euth. Euthymius
The. Theophylact Fr. French
Vat. Vatican manuscript G. E. Geneva English
Vul. Vulgate G. F. Geneva French
Wa. Wakefield .
Ger. German
Wes. Wesley
Gothic
Wet. Wetstein
Gr. Greek
Wh. Whitby Gro. Grotius
Wor. Worsley Ham. Hammond
Wy. Wynne Heb. Hebrew
Zu. Zuric translation, If there be a few more contractions not here specified, they are such only as are in pretty general use. In terms which occur seldomer, the words are given at length.
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