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CXXVIII.

REV. MR. HYDE.

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Vol. VII.

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Rev. Dr. Richards, Professor in the Theological Seminary at Auburn; Rev. Dr. Proudfit, Salem, and Rev. Mr. Beman. Trry; Rev. Drs. Mason, Milnor, Mathews, Spring, Woodbridge, and De Will. New-York City; Rev. Dr. M'Dowell, Elizabethtown, N. J.; Rev. Drs. Alexander and Miller, Professors in Princeton Theological Seminary; Rev. Professor MClelland. Rutgers College, New-Jersey; Rev. Drs. Green, Skinner, and Bedell, Philadelphia; Rev. Dr. Taylor, Professor in New-Haven Theological Seminary; Rev. Dr. Fuch, Professor of Divinity, Yale College; Rev. Asahel Nettleton, Killingworth, Con.; Rev. Dr. Wayland, President of Brown University; Rt. Rev. Bp. Griswold, Salem, Ms.; Rev. Dr. Griffin, President of Williams College; Rev. Dr. Humphrey, President of Amherst College, Ms.; Rev. Dr. Beecher, Boston; Rev. Professors Porter, Woods, and Stuart, of Andover Theological Seminary; Rev. Dr. Fisk, President of the Wesleyan University, Middletown, Ct.; Rev. Daniel A. Clark, Bennington. Vt.: Rev. Dr. Rates, President of Middlebury College; Rev. Dr Matthews, Hanover Theological Seminary, Indiana; Rev. Dr. Rice, Union Theo. Sem., Virg. ; Rev. Dr. Tyler and Rev. Dr. Payson, Portland, Me.; Rev. Dr. Lord, President of Dartmouth College; Rev. Dr. Church, Pelham, N. H.; Rev. Dr. Leland, Charleston, S. C.; Rev. Dr. Coffin. President of E. Tennessee College; Rev. Prof. Halsey, Western Theo. Seminary. Rev. Dr. Hawes, Hartford, Conn.

HUMAN AND DIVINE AGENCY UNITED IN THE SALVATION OF THE SOUL.

PHIL. ii. 19, 13.-Work out your salvation with fear and trembling; for it is God that worketh in you to will and to do of his good pleasure.

MANY have found it difficult to understand how human and divine agency are united in the work of man's salvation. There are two opposite extremes into which mankind are prone to run on this subject. One is, to ascribe the work to God in such a sense as to exclude the agency of man. The other is, to ascribe it to man in such á sense as to exclude the agency of God. These extremes are equally wide of the truth.

That salvation is of the Lord is evident from the whole tenor of the Scriptures. And that man must work out his own salvation is equally evident. Now the question is, in what sense is this work to be ascribed to God; and in what sense to man? In other words, what does God do towards the salvation of the sinner; and what does the sinner do himselt?

It is the opinion of some, that all which God does is to provide the way of salvation—to enable man to comply with the terms on which it is offered and to present suitable motives to induce him to comply. Now it is admitted that God has done all this for all men. He has provided a Savior. He has so loved the world, as to give his only begotten Son, that whosoever believeth on him might not perish, but have everlasting life. Christ hath tasted death for every man; and become the propitiation for the sins of the whole world. Salvation is freely offered to all. Ho. every one that thirsteth, come ye to the waters. Look unto me and be ye saved. all the ends of the earth. Whosoever will. let him take the water of life freely.

All men are made capable of complying with the invitations of the gospel; that is, they possess all the powers of moral agency. They have an understanding to perceive the rule of duty-a conscience to feel obligation-and a will to choose. With these powers they were created; and they need no new powers to render them capable of performing every duty which God requires. I am aware, that it has

been supposed by some that the strivings of the Spirit are granted to enable men to do their duty. But this opinion is evidently erroneous; for it implies that sinners, antecedent to the strivings of the Spirit, are not able to do their duty, and consequently are not culpable for neglecting it. Besides, if sinners without the striving of the Spirit are incapable of doing their duty, then God is in justice bound to grant them the strivings of the Spirit, or to excuse them from doing their duty; an alternative utterly subversive of the whole system of grace. But the object for which the Spirit strives with sinners is not to enable them to do their duty, but to convince them of sin. It gives no new powers to the sinner. These he did not need; for he possessed before all the powers of moral agency. would not be accountable nor criminal. All men, therefore, are made capable of complying with the terms of the gospel.

If it were not so, he

Suitable motives are also set before them to induce them to comply. God, in his word, has offered heaven with all its glories on the one hand; and threatened hell with all its miseries on the other. More powerful motives than these cannot possibly be presented to the human mind.

All this God has done for all men. He has provided a Savior. He has offered salvation. He has made all men capable of accepting it; and presented to them the most powerful motives to induce them to accept.

The question now is, Is this all which God ever does for the salvation of any of the human race?

Before I proceed to answer this inquiry, I will premise one or two remarks.

1. If this were all which God ever does for the salvation of any of the human race, it is more than they have any right to demand. Man, as a sinner, has no claim to any favor. He is justly condemned; and a criminal justly condemned has no claim to pardon, or to the offer of pardon on any condition whatever. God was under no obligation to provide a Savior, or to offer salvation to one of the human In doing it, therefore, he has done more for them than they had any right to claim. He has displayed the riches of his grace.

race.

2. Supposing this were all which God has done for the salvation of any of the human race, those who perish will not only perìsh justly, but their condemnation will be pre-eminently just. It will be seen by all intelligent beings in the universe, that they perish wholly through their own fault. Why do any perish? In the first place, they have transgressed the divine law, and fallen under its curse; and as. the law is holy, just, and good, their condemnation is just. But God has not left them in this state without hope. He has given his Son to be a propitiation for their sins, and offered them pardon on reasonable conditions; on conditions with which they are capable of complying; and set before them the strongest inducements to accept. And now why do they perish? Because they voluntarily reject the mercy offered. And can they now charge their ruin upon their Maker? When he has provided an atonement for them, and thrown open the door of heaven, and invited them to enter; can they say that it is his fault