X. That exceffive bail fhall not be required, nor exceffive fines impofed, nor cruel or unusual punishments inflicted.

XI. That general warrants, whereby an officer or meffenger may be commanded to search fufpected places without evidence of the fact committed, or to seize any person or persons not named whose offences are not particularly defcribed and fupported by evidence, are dangerous to liberty, and ought not to be granted.

XII. That no freeman ought to be taken, imprisoned, or diffeized of his freehold, liberties or privileges, or outlawed of exiled, or in any manner destroyed or deprived of his life, liberty, or property, but by the law of the land.

XIII. That every freeman restrained of his liberty, is intitled to a remedy, to enquire into the lawfulness thereof, and to remove the fame if unlawful, and that fuch remedy ought not to be denied or delayed.

XIV. That in all controverfies at law respecting property, the ancient mode of trial by jury is one of the best fecurities of the rights of the people, and ought to remain facred and inviolable.

XV. That the freedom of the press is one of the great bulwarks of liberty, and therefore ought never to be restrained.

XVI. That the people of this State ought not to be taxed, or made fubject to the payment of any impoft or duty, without the confent of themselves, or their Reprefentatives in General Affembly freely given.

XVII. That the people have a right to bear arms for the defence of the State; and -as ftanding armies in time of peace are dangerous to liberty, they ought not to be kept up; and that the military fhould be kept under ftrict fubordination to, and governed by the

civil power.

XVIII. That the people have a right to affemble together, to confult for their common good, to inftruct their Representatives, and to apply to the legislature for redress of grievances.

XIX. That all men have a natural and unalienable right to worship Almighty God according to the dictates of their own confcience.

XX. That for redress of grievances, and for amending and strengthening the laws, elections ought to be often held.

XXI,

XXI. That a frequent recurrence to fundamental principles is abfolutely neceffary to preferve the bleffings of liberty.

XXII. That no hereditary emoluments, privileges, or honours, ought to be granted or conferred in this State.

XXIII. That perpetuities and monopolies are contrary to the genius of a free state, and ought not to be allowed.

XXIV. That retrofpective laws, punishing facts committed before the existence of such laws, and by them only declared criminal, ́are oppreffive, unjust, and incompatible with liberty, wherefore no ex poft facto law ought to be made.

XXV. The property of the foil in a free government being one of the effential rights of the collective body of the people, it is neceffary, in order to avoid future disputes, that the limits of the State fhould be afcertained with precision; and as the former temporary line between North and South Carolina was confirmed and extended by Commiffioners, appointed by the legislatures of the two States, agreeable to the order of the late King George II. in Council, that line, and that only, should be

esteemed the fouthern boundary of this State; that is to fay, beginning on the fea fide at a Cedar Stake, at or near the mouth of Little River (being the fouthern extremity of Brunfwic county), and running from thence a northwest course through the Boundary House, which ftands in thirty-three degrees fifty-fix minutes, to thirty-five degrees, north latitude, and from thence a weft course, fo far as is mentioned in the charter of King Charles II. to the late Proprietors of Carolina. Therefore all the territory, feas, waters, and harbours, with their appurtenances, lying between the line above defcribed, and the fouthern line of the State of Virginia, which begins on the fea fhore, in thirty-fix degrees thirty minutes north latitude, and from thence runs weft, agreeable to the faid charter of King Charles, are the right and property of the people of this State, to be held by them in fovereignty; any partial line, without the confent of the legisla ture of this State, at any time thereafter directed or laid out in any wife notwithstanding. Provided always, That this Declaration of Rights shall not prejudice any nation or nations of In. dians from enjoying fuch hunting grounds as

may

may have been, or hereafter shall be secured to them by any former or future legislature of this State. And provided also, That it shall not be construed fo as to prevent the establishment of one or more governments weftward of this State, by consent of the legislature. And provided further, That nothing herein contained shall affect the titles or poffeffions of individuals, holding or claiming under the laws heretofore in force, or grants heretofore made by the late King George II. or his predeceffors, or the late Lords Proprietors, or any of them.

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