VI.-EWALD ON THE JOHANNINE WRITINGS Die Johanneischen Schriften übersetzt und erklärt. Von Heinrich VII.-ACCLIMATIZATION AND PRESERVATION OF ANIMALS. 152 Catalogue of the Menagerie and Aviary at Knowsley formed by the late Earl of Derby, K.G., P.Z.S. Liverpool, August 1851. List of Vertebrated Animals living in the Gardens of the Zoological Society of London. London 1862. Bulletin de la Société Impériale Zoologique d'Acclimatation. Tomes I-VIII. Paris, 1854-1861. Jaarboekje van het Koninklijk Zoologisch Genootschap "Natura Artis Magistra." Amsterdam, 1860. Der Zoologische Garten. Organ der Zoologischen Gesellschaft in Frankfurt am Main. Frankfurt am Main, 1860. First, Second, and Third Annual Reports of the Society for the Ac- climatisation of Animals, Birds, Fishes, Insects, and Vegetables within the United Kingdom. London, 1860-63. First Annual Report of the Acclimatisation Society of Victoria. XXIII. Article on "Destructive Insects, and the immense Clytemnestra, the Earl's Return, the Artist, and other Poems. By Owen Meredith. Chapman and Hall, 1855. A Letter to the Lord Bishop of London on the State of Subscrip- tion in the Church of England and in the University of Oxford. By Arthur Penrhyn Stanley, D.D., Regius Professor of Ecclesi- astical History, and Canon of Christ Church, Oxford; Exam- History of England from the Accession of James I. to the Disgrace of Chief-Justice Coke, 1603-1616-Six Months in the Federal States-At Odds: a Novel-A History of England during the Reign of George the Third-The History of the Jews from the ABT. CONTENTS OF No. XXXIV.-OCTOBER 1863. РАСИ I. THE RECent Criticism of the OLD TESTAMENT . 261 An Introduction to the Old Testament, Critical, Historical, and Theological. By Samuel Davidson, D.D., of the University of Halle, and LL.D. 3 vols. Williams and Norgate, 1863. II. DISTORTIONS OF THE ENGLISH STAGE: "MACBETH" 292 The Works of William Shakespeare. Edited by William George Clark, M.A., Fellow and Tutor of Trinity College, and Public Orator in the University of Cambridge; and John Glover, M.A., Report of Commissioners on the Sanitary Condition of the Army. Parliamentary Proceedings. 1858. Report of Commissioners on the Sanitary State of the Army in India. Parliamentary Proceedings. 1863. Army Sanitary Administration, and its Reform under the late Lord Herbert. By Florence Nightingale. 1862. Sanitary Condition of the Army. By the Right Hon. Sidney Hansard's Parliamentary Debates. Vol. clxv., pp. 966 et seq. IV. MR. FREEMAN'S HISTORY OF FEDERAL GOVERNMENT 339 History of Federal Government. By Edward A. Freeman, M.A., late Fellow of Trinity College, Oxford. Vol. I. General Intro- duction; History of the Greek Federations. Macmillan and Co. La Pologne Contemporaine. Par Charles de Mazade. Paris: Recueil des principaux Traités. Par Martens. Vols. VIII. and X. VIII. THE EFFECTS OF THE GOLD DISCOVERIES A Serious Fall in the Value of Gold ascertained, and its Social Effects set forth, with two Diagrams. By W. Stanley Jevons, M.A., formerly of the Sydney Royal Mint. London: Stanford. Correspondence relating to the Affairs of China, Japan, Mexico, and Brazil. Parliamentary Papers, 1862-3. Correspondence with Mr. Seward relating to the Commerce of the Bahamas. Parliamentary Paper, 1863. Hansard's Debates. Sessions 1862-3. A Dialogue on the Best Form of Government. By the Right Hon. THE NATIONAL REVIEW. JULY 1863. ART. I.-THE EARLIER LATITUDINARIANS: FALKLAND, CHILLINGWORTH, HALES. Proceedings, principally in the County of Kent, in connection with the Parliaments called in 1640, and especially with the Committee of Religion appointed in that year. Edited by the Rev. L. B. Larking, M.A., from the Collections of Sir Edward Dering, Bart., 1627-1644, with a Preface by John Bruce, Esq., F.S.A. Printed for the Camden Society, 1862. CLEMENT WALKER, in his History of Independency, records a rather curious circumstance which happened at Walton-onThames at the beginning of Lent 1649. The minister had preached in his parish-church after dinner, and had prolonged his sermon till twilight. When he came down out of the pulpit, into the church came six soldiers, one of them with a lantern in his hand and a candle burning in it, and in the other hand four unlighted candles. The parishioners would not allow him to mount the pulpit, or to address them in the church; he therefore adjourned to the churchyard, and the people followed him. He then and there told them that he had had a vision, and had a message from God to them, which they were to receive on pain of damnation. First, the Sabbath was abolished as unnecessary, Jewish, and merely ceremonial. Secondly, tithes were abolished as not only Jewish and ceremonial, but a great burden to the saints of God, and a discouragement of industry and tillage. Thirdly, ministers were abolished as anti-Christian, and of no longer use when Christ descended into the hearts of his saints, and his Spirit enlightened them with revelations and inspirations. Fourthly, magistrates were abolished as useless, since Christ had come among men in purity of spirit, and had erected the kingdom of his saints upon earth. Each of these No. XXXIII. JULY 1863. B constructive anathemas the soldier had intended to accompany by a symbolical act, that is to say, by putting out one of his candles; but, as he explained to his wondering audience after each phase of abolition, the wind was so high that he could not light his candle. One candle, however, he had safely burning away in the lantern; and of this also he had a use to make. Fifthly and lastly, he put his hand into his pocket and pulled out a Bible. "Here," he exclaimed, "is a book you have in great veneration, consisting of two parts, the Old and New Testament. I must tell you, it is abolished; it contains beggarly rudiments, milk for babes; but now Christ is in glory among us, and imparts a fuller measure of his Spirit to his saints than this can afford; and therefore I am commanded to burn it." So, taking the candle out of the lantern, he set the leaves on fire; and then, putting out the candle, he cried, "and here my fifth light is extinguished." Extravagances such as this were congenial to a few excited spirits in the army, but had no attraction for Englishmen in general, even when the nation had tasted blood and developed its most extreme propensities. Much less was this sweeping removal of all ordinances contemplated by the men of Kent and the Kentish men who in 1640 and 1641 petitioned the knights of the shire or the House of Commons on account of their ecclesiastical grievances. They inclined evidently to the Presbyterian type, which allows the minister considerable power over his flock, but also intrusts the flock with a very tight hold on its minister. In several cases the only grievance of which they complained was the very scanty income with which the services of a good curate or vicar were rewarded. In one instance the petitioners, having preferred certain articles against their curate, are soon after anxious to recall their petition, confessing that it was precipitately sent "at the instigation of a malignant humour," and that their curate was "very able, sufficient, and painful in dispensing the word of God," though he had seemed to carry himself somewhat too loftily towards them. In one case an elaborate series of charges against an incumbent palpably breaks down; in another, the parson pleads guilty to human infirmities, including a little occasional intemperance. No subject of complaint is so frequent as the ministers railing-in the holy table, placing it altarwise, and obliging communicants to receive at the rails. Occasionally disputes about tithes crop up, such as were frequent in all times till the memorable era of the commutation. In several cases the congregations profess themselves to have been scandalised by doctrines contradicting that of Calvin; and it is objected to the minister of Crayford that he, "drinking with certain gentlemen at the Bull in Dartford, |