an accession, a lump sum (5000 denarii for praetorians) on discharge Marquardt röm. Staatsverw. 111 94. 464. 524. 545. The competition for admission to the guards was great, and only the tallest candidates were accepted Dosith. Adr. sent. 2 Hadrian asked a recruit 'Tŵs éλeis σтpaTEúela;' he replied 'els Tò πраιтúρiov'. 'How tall are you?' '5 feet'. Hadrian replied · ἐν τοσούτῳ εἰς τὴν πολιτικὴν στρατεύου", i.e. the cohortes urbanae had a lower standard. GALLI SO P, not Galle: the name Gallius occurs in Cic. VII 194-5 2 NAM felicis I say, for I could be content myself, if sure of fortune's favour, to enter the camp. 34 ME PAVIDUM EXCIPIAT TIRONEM PORTA SECUNDO SIDERE distat enim, quae | sidera te excipiant. Tac. h. 111 24 quae castra alia excipient? Mühlmann 'excipio' col. 918. .... PORTA dig. XLIX 16 12 § 2 officium tribunorum est vel eorum, qui exercitui praesunt, claves portarum suscipere. On the four gates of the camp, the side-gates porta principalis dextera and p. p. sinistra, one at each end of the via principalis or cardo maximus, and the gates at the ends of the decumanus maximus, porta praetoria in front, p. decumana in the rear, see Marquardt röm. Staatsverw. I1 400-2. 4 SIDERE VI 569-581. x 314. XIV 248 n. Philo de provid. 1 77-88. HORA Pers. v 48 nata fidelibus hora. 5 VENERIS COMMENDET EPISTOLA MARTI II 30 31 leges revocabat amaras | omnibus atque ipsi Veneri Martique timendas. x 313. On the Lucianic tone I 84 n. xIII 38-52. Lucr. 1 38-40 hunc [Martem] tu, diva, tuo recubantem corpore sancto | circumfusa super, suavis ex ore loquellas | funde petens placidam Romanis, incluta, pacem. cf. ib. 31-37. 6 SAMIA GENETRIX QUAE DELECTATUR HARENA VII 32 n. x 171 n. Aen. 1 15 16 quam Iuno fertur terris magis omnibus unam | post habita coluisse Samo. The Heraeon at Samos was Hdt. 11 60 § 6 μéуIOTOS TÁVTWV vηŵv Tŵv hμeîs toμev. See a Samian coin in Müller Denkm. Heft 1 n. 8. Priap. 75 2. Lact. 1 17 § 8 insulam Samum scribit Varro prius Partheniam nominatam, quod ibi Iuno adoleverit ibique etiam Iovi nupserit. itaque nobilissimum et antiquissimum templum eius est Sami et simulacrum in habitu nubentis figuratum et sacra eius anniversaria nuptiarum ritu celebrantur. ib. 15 § 9. Spanh. on Callim. Dian. 228. Del. 48. Aug. civ. D. vI 7 sacra sunt Iunonis et haec in eius dilecta insula Samo celebrabantur, ubi nuptum data est Iovi. Ath. 655ab and 672ab quotes a monograph on the temple by Menodotus. The statue of the Samian Here, by Lysippus and Bupalus, removed to Constantinople Cedren. I 564 Bonn. Westermann in Pauly VI 735. Cic. Verr. 1 § 50. v § 184. Tac. ann. Iv 14. The temple contained many pictures and statues and was plundered by Verres and by Antonius Strabo 637. Apul. m. VI 4. A Samian inscription in honour of Lollia priestess of Here Archegetes καὶ Θεᾶς Ιουλίας Σεβαστης Rhein. Mus. 1867 314. GENETRIX Hera mother of Ares by Zeus Il. v 896; or without a father VIII 166. 7-34 The first privilege common to all ranks in the army alike: they hold so fast to one another, that no civilian dare accuse them or give evidence against them. 7 COMMODA Tac. ann. 1 26 the mutinous soldiers A.D. 14 exclaim novum id plane, quod imperator sola militis commoda ad senatum reiciat. 27 quo pergeret? ad imperatorem an ad patres? ut illic quoque commodis legionum adversaretur? DCass. LX 24 3 τοῖς τε στρα τευομένοις, ἐπειδὴ γυναῖκας οὐκ ἐδύναντο ἔκ γε τῶν νόμων ἔχειν, τὰ τῶν γεγαμŋkóтwν diкαιúμaтa edwкe. Oud. schol. on Cic. epp. pp. 84. 303-4. COMMUNIA XIII 140 where, as here, it )( special luck. impediendi vel prohibendi.' 8 NE used because Hand Tursell. IV 42 'subest notio TOGATUS VIII 240 n. x 8 n. 9 it was not uncommon for a defendant to enlist as a means of evading justice cod. xII 34 1 qui litis causa militiam appetierunt. dig. XLIX 16 4 § 8 qui eo animo militiae se dedit, ut sub obtentu militiae pretiosiorem se adversario faceret. cf. ib. 16 16. Spartian. Pescenn. Niger 3 § 6 re vera in re militari vehemens fuit. numquam sub eo miles a provinciali lignum oleum operam extorsit. ETSI PULSETUR, DISSIMULET dig. XLVII 10 11 § 1 iniuriarum actio.... dissimulatione aboletur. DISSIMULET Supply ut from ne, as XIII 36. so quisque from nemo v1 17 18. Plaut. aul. 30 scit out of nescit. Enn. fr. trag. 277 V (in Cic. rep. 1 § 30) quod est ante pedes nemo spectat, caeli scrutantur plagas. Cic. Brut. § 259 sciebat understood from a following nesciebat (cf. Tac. XII 64). Cic. p. Cluent. § 6 scit out of nescit. finn. II §§ 25 Madvig. 88. Nep. 5 1 § 4 Bremi. 14 6 § 4 Heus. 18 6 § 3-2 Heus. (ut from ne, as § 2=1. 8 3 § 1. 23 12 § 2. 25 10 § 4). Ov. m. iv 470-1 quod vellet, erat, ne regia Cadmi | staret, et in facinus traherent Athamanta sorores. Phaedr. Iv 17-18 31 Burm. Rutil. Lup. 1 § 13 Ruhnken. Tac. h. 1 84 ne centurio tribuno obsequatur, [ut] hinc confusi pedites equitesque in exitium ruamus. id. ann. XIII 14. Hand Turs. Iv 56 and on Gron. diatr. in Stat. 1 253. Benecke on Iust. xxxi 1 § 8. Munro on Lucr. II 1038. Obbar in Schneidewin Philol. VI 151. Vahlen in Ztschr. f. d. österr. Gymn. xxII 25-27. Sen. ben. IV 8 § 2 qui te negas deo debere, sed naturae. Ruddiman II 361. Heindorf and Fritzsche on Hor. s. 1 1 3. Hdt. vII 104. Matthiä § 634 3. Madvig lat. Gr. § 462 b and gr. Synt. § 213. Kühner gr. Gr. 12 1072. Sir T. Browne vulgar errors 1 10 fin. p. 32 ed. 1650 'some denying his humanity, and [supply affirming] that he was one of the Angels, as Ebion... Some denying his Divinity; [affirming] that he was begotten of humane principles, and the seminall sonne of Joseph.' 9 10 AUDEAT AUDEAT X 359-361 n. xiv 48 n. 10 III 300 301. Lucil. Ix 75 M dentesque advorsos discutio omnis. Apul. m. Ix 39-42 a Macedonian gardener is riding on his ass, when quidam procerus et, ut indicabat habitus et habitudo, miles e legione factus nobis (the ass is historian) obvius superbo atque adroganti sermone percontatur quorsum vacuum duceret asinum. Not understanding Latin, the gardener passes on. The soldier belabours him with his vitis and pulls him off his ass, and takes possession of it. The gardener begs for mercy, but seeing the soldier preparing inversa vite de vastiore nodulo cerebrum suum diffindere, trips him up, beats him with fists and elbows, bites him, pounds his face, hands and sides with a stone. The soldier threatens to make mincemeat of the gardener, who again cudgels him till he feigns death, carries off his sword, and hides himself in a friend's house. The soldiers charge the gardener with stealing a piece of the governor's plate: he is sentenced to death. cf. c. 41 vindictae sedulam darent operam. PRAETORI urbano III 213. 11 OFFAM II 33. 'a XIII 4 n. Gaius III 224. bruise'; one raw lump'. Plin. xv § 26 nucibus arefactis et in offam contusis. 12 RELICTUM given over, abandoned. 13 14 BARDAICUS CALCEUS Bardiaei (Plut. Mar. 43 § 4 Bap if dvaîoi cl. Lob. Aglaoph. 1325) or Vardaei (Cic. fam. v 9 § 2. Liv. perioch. 56. Plin. III § 143) a tribe inhabiting the Illyrian coast, opposite the island Pharos (Strabo 315 'Apdiaîoi), gave name to a military shoe. Mart. Iv 4 5 lassi Vardaicus quod evocati [redolet]. Capitolin. Pertin. 8 § 3 cuculli Bardaici. Pape-Benseler Eigennamen 'Apdía. Ovapdaîo. the injured man of peace seek redress, a soldier's shoe and stout shanks sit in judgement on the bench.' 13 IUDEX VII 116-7 n. bubulco iudice. Tac. Agr. 9 credunt plerique militaribus ingeniis subtilitatem deesse, quia castrensis iurisdictio secura et obtusior ac plura manu agens calliditatem fori non exerceat. Agricola naturali prudentia, quamvis inter togatos, facile iusteque agebat. 14 CALCEUS of the centurion 17. cf. 11 10 fossa. XIV 10 n. gula. Pers. III 86 torosa iuventus. v 189. the gigantic occupant. GRANDES SURAE III 247. XIV 194 n. MAGNA to support 15 16 MORE CAMILLI SERVATO who introduced a standing army (Liv. v 2), before which time the soldiers might in winter at home prosecute their suits. Liv. v 19 § 9 in pushing on the siege of Veii a procurationibus, quae multae temere inter murum ac vallum fiebant, edicto, ne quis iniussu pugnaret, ad opus milites traducti. Soldiers were forbidden by a rescript of Hadrian to leave the camp in order to give evidence dig. XXII 5 3 § 6 multo minus milites avocandi sunt a signis vel muneribus perhibendi testimonii causa. On the other hand Honorius and Theodosius, A.D. 416, decreed cod. 1 46 2 ne quando curiales vel privatae condicionis homines ad militare exhibeantur iudicium vel contra se agentium actiones exhibeant vel litigare in eo cogantur. 17-22 the centurions then, let us suppose, try the soldier's cause with perfect justice, still etc. III 100 n. Munro on Lucr. III 935. Teles in Stob. xcvII 31 p. 215 27 M where waîs μèv wv, ëønßos dè yevóμevos, ötav δὲ ἀνδρωθῇ, are followed by πρεσβύτης γέγονε, πάλιν ἐπιθυμεῖ τὰ ἐν νεό· οἰκέτης ἐστίν, ἐλεύθερος σπεύδει γενέσθαι κ.τ.λ. τητι .... 17 CENTURIONUM proverbial for uncouth ignorance xiv 194 n. Lucil. in Cic. finn. 1 § 9. Cic. Tusc. Iv § 55. Hor. s. 1 6 73. Pers. v 189. 19 IUSTAE CAUSA QUERELLAE Luc. VIII 511-2 iustior in Magnum nobis, Ptolemaee, querellae | causa data est. Petron. 15 iudex querellam inspiceret. 21 CURABILIS elsewhere curable' Cael. Aur. tard. 11 137 Erasistratus facile curabiles succulentos homines dixit atque fortes.... difficile autem curari posse tenues ac debiles. § 138 difficile curabiles... difficile curabilem, cf. §§ 139. 143. IV § 93. Ign. ep. Eph. 7. As plorabilis plorandus, so here curabilis = curanda 'requiring medical treatment.' Plaut. aul. 625 verberabilis sume. id. trin. 44 culpam castigabilem. Ov. Pont. IV 14 31 32 esset perpetuo sua quam vitabilis Ascra, | ausa est agricolae Musa docere senis. Plin. ep. vI 21 § 3 probitate morum, ingenii elegantia, operum varietate monstrabilis. 22 VINDICTA GRAVIOR QUAM INIURIA III 297–301. 'that your revenge (as ultio 19) may cost you more pain than the original wrong.' cf. vIII 91-97. Grang. cites Ambr. [ep. 18 § 20] quae autem aequitas, ut paucis sacerdotibus dolentes victum negatum, ipsi omnibus denegarent; cum inclementior esset vindicta quam culpa. 23 MULINO CORDE VAGELLI the mulish rhetorician Vagellius XIII 119 n. Plaut. Cist. IV 12 2 mulo inscitior. Catull. 83 3 mule, nihil sentis. 24 CUM DUO CRURA HABEAS I 161 n. x 2 n. pauci. Caes. b. c. 1 22 § 5 paucorum. 23 § 3 pauca. II 41 § 3 ne militibus quidem, ut defessis, neque equitibus, ut paucis et labore confectis, studium ad pugnandum virtusque deerat; sed hi erant numero cc ['only 200'], reliqui in itinere substiterant. Kraner cites b. G. III 17 § 5 Sabinus idoneo omnibus rebus loco castris sese tenebat, cum Viridovix contra eum duum ['only two'] milium spatio consedisset. VII 81 § 1 uno die intermisso. Having but two legs to stumble against so many soldiers' boots and so many thousands of hob-nails.' CALIGAS III 322. leathern boots (Sympos. aenigm. 56) worn by the rank and file, whence caligatus=gregarius. [Quintil.] decl. III § 15 hoc dicis, cui parere caligatum lex iubet, qui non solum militibus sed centurionibus praepositus. ib. § 19 commendem tibi ordinem caligati militis. Suet. Aug. 25. Vitell. 7. Cal. 9 Caligulae cognomen castrensi loco traxit, quia manipulario habitu inter milites versabatur. Lips. on Tac. ann. 1 41. DCass. LVII 5 § 6. Auson. monos. de Caes. 4 (cf. tetrast. de Caes. 4) Gaius, cognomen Caligae cui castra dederunt. Sen. cited VIII 246 n. fin. Plin. vII § 135 many say that Ventidius iuventam inopem in caliga militari tolerasse. Capitolin. Maximin. 28 § 9 the elder Maximinus was 8 ft. in height; his shoe preserved in a grove near Aquileia was a foot longer than the normal length; unde etiam vulgo tractum est, cum de longis et ineptis hominibus tractaretur, caliga Maximini. ed. Diocl. Ix 6 caligae militares sine clabo. When Octavian B.C. 41 offered to make the senators and veterans umpires in his dispute with Fulvia, the veterans set up a court at Gabii, but Fulvia and L. Antonius did not appear DCass. XLVIII 12 § 3 ẞovλǹv kadıγᾶταν ἀπὸ τῆς τῶν στρατιωτικῶν ὑποδημάτων χρήσεως ἀποκαλοῦντες. Tert. idol. 19 militia... caligata. Marquardt Staatsverw. 111 525-6. 25 CLAVORUM III 248 in digito clavus mihi militis haeret. Augustin. in 1 ep. Ioh. tract. 10 § 8 forte caligis clavatis contereret pedes tuos. Plin. Ix § 69 and XXII § 94 clavi caligares. xxxiv § 143 caligarii. from which passage it appears that they were of iron: the sole of the caliga was thickly studded with them Ioseph. bell. vi 1 §8 Tà yàp vπodýμaта πeπapμéva πukvoîs kai öğéow (cf. Plin. ix § 69 crebris atque praeacutis) ήλοις ἔχων, ὥσπερ τῶν ἄλλων στρατιωτῶν ἕκαστος. Sympos. aenigm. 57. Greg. dial. 1 4 (169) vir Dei clavatis calceatus caligis, falcem fenariam in collo deferens. Migne patrol. lat. xc 128a. 25 26 Who would venture so far from the city to accuse a soldier? Besides what friend is so true a Pylades, as to devote his life for his friend? 26 PYLADES Ov. tr. 1 5 21 (=1v 4 71) exemplum veri Phoceus amoris. r. a. 589 semper habe Pyladen aliquem, qui curet Orestem. Mart. vI 11 1 2 quod non sit Pylades hoc tempore, non sit Orestes, miraris? Pylades, Marce, bibebat idem. 9 ut praestem Pyladen, aliquis mihi praestet Oresten. Stat. s. 11 6 54 55 dignus et Haemonium Pyladen praecedere fama | Cecropiamque fidem. v 2 155-6 unanimi comes indefessus amici; quo Pylades ex more pius. PapeBenseler Eigennamen. MOLEM AGGERIS ['the agger of the praetorian camp; which makes the irony stronger.' H.A. J. M.] 27 LACRIMAE SICCENTUR Grang. cites Ov. f. 1 509. her. 18 25 26. Prop. 1 19 23. Quintil. x1 1 § 6. Let us dry up our tears at once, and not importune our friends (who on one pretext or another will certainly put us off), to bear us company in our hazardous enterprise. 29 If when the judge calls on the accuser to produce his witnesses, the bystander, who chanced (nescio quis) to see the blow struck, dares to say 'I saw it,' he may be ranked with the noblest worthies of the good old times. DA TESTEM III 137. exx, from Cic. and Quintil. in Mühlmann 'do' col. 506. .... 29 30 AUDEAT ILLE, PUGNOS QUI VIDIT, DICERE 'VIDI' VII 13 14 hoc satius, quam si dicas sub iudice 'vidi' | quod non vidisti. Cic. Verr. Iv § 55. v § 165. 31 ET I 155 n. viii 171. Hand Tursell. II 485. Sen. ben. Iv 18 § 3. ep. 4 § 8 recognosce et intelleges. 13 § 16 considera... et intelleges. 16 § 7 excute illam et invenies. 26 § 8 exspecta me pusillum et de domo fiet numeratio. Plin. ep. Ix 11 § 1 circumfer oculos et occurrent. Pind. N. IV 37 Dissen. Plat. Theaet. 153. Matt. 7 7. James 47. Lucian d. d. 2 2 eоpv0μa Baîve kal be. Without et Sen. ep. 13 § 17. 36 § 11. ad Helv. 6 §§ 3 4. Kühner gr. Gr. 112 201. Roby § 1557. 31 32 DIGNUM BARBA DIGNUMQUE CAPILLIS MAIORUM IV 103. DS. IV 5 § 2 'the more ancient Bacchus is bearded, because all the ancients wore the beard long.' Varro r. r. II 11 § 10 barbers are said first to have come into Italy from Sicily A.U.c. 454 (B.c. 300), as is attested by public documents at Ardea, and to have been brought over by T. Ticinius Mena. That formerly there were no barbers appears from the statues of the ancients, which for the most part have long hair and beard.' Plin. vII § 211 Scipio Africanus the younger (sequens) first adopted the practice of daily shaving.' Shaving the beard continued in use till the time of Hadrian, as we see from the coins Pauly 12 2262-5. When the Gauls took Rome B.C. 390, M. Papirius (Liv. v 41 § 9) dicitur Gallo barbam suam, ut tum omnibus promissa erat, permulcenti scipione eburneo in caput incusso iram movisse. ib. XXVIII 35 § 6 the promissa caesaries of the elder Scipio. Cic. p. Sest. § 19 Halm unum aliquem te ex barbatis illis exemplum imperii veteris, imaginem antiquitatis, columen reipublicae diceres intueri. cf. id. fr. or. II p. Cornel. § 18 (in rhett. lat. 598 33 Halm) hic mos iam apud illos antiquos et barbatos fuit. p. Cael. § 33 illa horrida [barba], quam in statuis antiquis atque imaginibus videmus. finn. Iv § 62. Aen. v1 808. Tibull. II 1 34 Broukh, intonsis... avis. Hor. c. II 15 11 in tonsi Catonis. 1 12 41. Ov. f. vi 264. Mart. 1 24. Ix 28. Lucian cynic. 14 πwywva kai kóμŋv ἔχειν ἤρεσκεν αὐτῷ, καὶ οὐκ ἐκείνῳ μόνῳ, ἀλλὰ καὶ πᾶσι τοῖς παλαιοῖς K.T.λ. Visconti iconogr. Rom. 1 pl. 1-3. Marquardt v (2) 199. CAPILLIS V 30 capillato consule. 32 CITIUS XV 19 n. 33 PAGANUM opposed to miles (Plin. ep. x 86b-18 § 2), to armati (ib. VII 25 § 6). cf. dig. xxix 13. Tac. h. 1 53 fin. II 14. 88. III 24 (where Antonius Primus by way of taunt addresses his soldiers vos, nisi vincitis, pagani). 43. 77. IV 20. Suet. Aug. 27. Tert. pall. 4 p. m. paganos in militaribus. dig. XLVIII 19 14. Dirksen manuale. 34 PUDOREM honour VIII 83. Sall. Cat. 16 § 2 ubi eorum famam atque pudorem adtriverat. Caes. b. G. 1 40 § 14. Liv. v 46 § 7. Plin. xxxvi § 108 pudor Romani nominis proprius, qui saepe res perditas servavit in proeliis. Plin. ep. 11 4 § 2 famam defuncti pudoremque suscipere. v1§6 qui defunctae pudorem tueretur. dig. XLVII 10 1 § 5 iniuria, quae fit liberis nostris, nostrum pudorem pertingit. Dirksen manuale. Aurelian's charge to his vicarius (Vopisc. 7 §§ 5-8) on the theme manus militum contine ends qui litem fecerit, vapulet. 35-50 the second privilege of the soldiery: civilians wait long for the decisions of their suits: soldiers meet with a speedy settlement. 36 SACRAMENTORUM schol. militiae quia iurabant.' Tac. h. 1 5 miles urbanus longo Caesarum sacramento inbutus. I 38 SACRUM SAXUM Liv. XLI 13 § 1 sacrum lapidem. |