tum petiit, donec taedio ad studia se contulit. Florus Verg. orator p. 108 Halm nempe si mihi maximus imperator vitem, id est centum homines regendos tradidisset, non mediocris honos habitus mihi videretur; cedo si praefecturam, si tribunatum: nempe idem honos, nisi quod merces amplior. LIBELLO frequent in Tac. Plin. cet. 'a memorial,' whether a petition or a denunciation (whence our libel). Part of the functions of the magister libellorum (or a libellis) corresponded to that of a master of requests Friedländer 14 171–4. The candidates are called petitores militiae, i. e. m. equestris Marquardt Staatsverw. II1 367. 194 CAPUT INTACTUM BUXO NARESQUE PILOSAS II 11 12 hispida membra quidem et durae per bracchia setae | promittunt atrocem animum. VIII 114 n. xvi 14 n. 17 n. Pers. III 77 hic aliquis de gente hircosa centurionum. Fronto complains ad Ver. I 1 p. 128 Naber equi incuria horridi, equites volsi: raro bracchium aut crus militum hirsutum. Aristoph. eccl. 601 ἔχω τὰς μασχάλας | λόχμης δασυτέρας. Theophr. char. 19 (of the δυσχερής) καὶ τὰς μασχάλας δὲ θηριώδεις καὶ δασείας ἔχειν axpi eri ToλÙ Tŵ TλEUρŵv. Amm. xvII 11 § 1 the professors of flattery in the suite of Constantius mocked Iulian talia sine modo strepentes insulse in odium venit cum victoriis suis capella, non homo', ut hirsutum Iulianum carpentes. XXIV 8 § 1 Iulian retorted the scoff on his Persian prisoners 'en' inquit 'quos Martia ista pectora viros existimant, deformes inluvie capellas et taetras.' Hor. epod. 12 5. Suet. BUXO 'a comb'. so aurum is a ring 1 28; a chain v1 589; a bowl x 27. Ov. f. vi 229 non mihi detonsos crines depectere buxo. Mart. xiv 25 'pectines' quid faciet nullos hic inventura capillos, | multifido buxus quae tibi dente datur?

Cal. 50.

NARES PILOSAS Ovid advises the lover a. a. 1 520 inque cava nullus stet tibi nare pilus. Paulus Fest. p. 370 M vibrissae pili in naribus hominum, dicti quod his evulsis caput vibratur.

195 LAELIUS the general.

ALAS Liv. Xxx 34 § 3 ala deinde et umbone pulsantes. Antonin. v 28 T γράσωνι μήτι ὀργίζει;... τί σοι ποιήσει; τοιαύτας μάλας ἔχει· ἀνάγκη τοιαύτην ἀποφορὰν ἀπὸ τοιούτων γίγνεσθαι.

...

196 MAURORUM Spartian. Hadr. 5 § 2 at the beginning of Hadrian's reign A. D. 117 Mauri lacessebant. 12 § 7 motus Maurorum conpressit et a senatu supplicationes emeruit. On his coins (Clinton A. D. 133) occur the legends Mauretania S. C.' 'adventui Aug. Mauretaniae S. C.' 'excrcitus Mauretanicus S.C.' 'restitutori Mauretaniae S.C.' cf. Spartian. 13 § 4. The exact date of this conquest cannot be ascertained. ATTEGIAS mapalia or magalia Orelli inscr. 1396 attegiam teguliciam. CASTELLA BRIGANTUM Who held Lancashire, Durham, Westmoreland, Cumberland, with the south of Northumberland and nearly all Yorkshire. Sen. apocol. 12 13-17 ille Britannos ultra noti | litora ponti | et caeruleos scuta Brigantas | dare Romuleis colla catenis | iussit. After the accession of Vespasian (Tac. Agr. 17) terrorem statim intulit Petilius Cerialis Brigantum civitatem, quae numerosissima provinciae totius perhibetur, aggressus. multa proelia et aliquando non incruenta; magnamque Brigantum partem aut victoria amplexus est aut bello. ib. 31. an. xII 32. 36. 40. h. 111 45. E. Hübner in CIL VII 99 100, from whom I take what follows: the earliest evidence respecting the Roman wall is Spartian. Hadr. 11 § 2 Britanniam petit [A. D. 120/1] in qua multa correxit murumque per octoginta milia primus duxit, qui barbaros Romanosque divideret. cf. 5

§ 2 after his accession he devoted himself to the maintenance of peace throughout the world: Britanni teneri sub Romana dicione non poterant. Florus ibid. 16 § 3 ego nolo Caesar esse, | ambulare per Britannos. Fronto ep. de bello Parth. 217-8 Naber quid? avo vestro Hadriano imperium optinente quantum militum., . . a Britannis caesum? The cohors I Delmatarum of which Iuv. was tribune (III 320 n.) was in Britain at the time (as is shewn by its diplomata of A.D. 106. 124): it occurs in Hübner n. 367. 387 (and 388). 400. The tribune Agrippa, one of the leaders of the expedition ib. 379, Orelli 804. As the ninth legion, which was encamped at York A.D. 109 (Hübner inscr. 241), did not go to any other province and its place was taken by the leg. vi victrix from Germany (Orelli 3186), Borghesi (oeuvres Iv 115) conjectures 'non sine probabilitate' that it was cut to pieces by the Brigantes. See further Henzen inscr. 5456. Coins celebrating the coming of Hadrian into Britain, the army in Britain, and depicting conquered Britain Eckhel VII 493, Cohen monnaies de l'empire II 594. 784—5.

197 LOCUPLETEM AQUILAM Plin. cited on 193. The eagle was in charge of the first centurion of the first cohort (centurio primi pili) DH. x 36 fin. Tac. h. III 22 fin. VM. 1 6 § 11 aquilarum altera vix convelli a primipilo potuit. Veget. II 8 centurio primi pili, qui non solum aquilae praeerat. cf. Sil. vi 25-38. Renier inscr. de l'Algérie 4073 Saltonius Iucundus primipilus, qui primus legione renovata aput aquilam vitem posuit. Marquardt Staatsverw. 111 343. 363-5. 425. The post conferred the dignity and census of an eques Mart. 1 31 3. VI 58 10 referes pili praemia clarus eques. Stat. s. v 2 165. Suet. Cal. 44 plerisque centurionum maturis iam, et nonnullis ante paucissimos quam consummaturi essent dies, primos pilos ademit, causatus senium cuiusque et imbecillitatem; ceterorum increpita cupiditate, commoda emeritae militiae ad *sescentorum milium summam recidit. The career of a soldier of the lower classes (militia caligati) generally closed with the centurionate, though he might become prefect of an auxiliary cohort, tribune and lastly praefectus alae equitum. Young men of equestrian or senatorian rank entered at once as prefects of a cohort or tribunes in the legion, and might be promoted to a praefectura alae; then they entered the civil service, and after filling the offices of quaestor, aedile or tribune, and praetor, received the command of a legion as legati (1 58 n. Madvig die Befehlshaber und das Avancement in dem röm, Heere in his kl. philol. Schr. Leipz. 1875 541 seq. Marquardt Staatsverw. II1 352-368). SEXAGESIMUS ANNUS the term of service was 20 years, or for the praetorians 16, but was often prolonged Tac, ann, 117. Suet. Tib. 48. Aug. qu. evang. 1 9 solet enim otium concedi sexagenariis post militiam. Marquardt Staatsverw. 111 525,

199 SOLVUNT TIBI CORNUA VENTREM it was jeeringly said of Aratus (Plut. 29 § 4) ὡς τοῦ στρατηγοῦ τῶν ̓Αχαιῶν ἐκταράττοιτο μὲν ἡ κοιλία παρὰ τὰς μάχας, κάρος δὲ προσπίπτοι καὶ ἴλιγγος ἅμα τῷ παραστῆναι τὸν σαλπίγκτην. § 5 philosophers debating in their lectures, whether palpitation of the heart and change of colour καὶ τὴν κοιλίαν ἐξυγραίνεσθαι in danger is a symptom of cowardice or δυσκρασίας τινὸς περὶ τὸ σῶμα καὶ ψυχρότητος, always cited the example of Aratus. Grang. cites Dionysos in Aristoph. ran. (i.e. 479, who may be compared with Sancho Panza), and Macrob. Sat. VII 11 § 9. Stanley refers to Aristot. probl. (i. e. 27 § 10 dià Tí Toîs 40βουμένοις αἱ κοιλίαι λύονται; cf. for the expression Bonitz ind. s.v. Koλia n. 9). see lexx. under solvere. Celsus has ventris resolutio and solutio; ventrem solvere cet. see Matthiae's ind.

CORNUA OV. m. 1 98 aeris cornua flexi were curved like a C. 200 LITUIS bent at one end like a tobacco-pipe Sen. Oed. 733-5 sonuit reflexo classicum cornu, | lituusque adunco stridulos cantus elisit aere. Luc. 1 237-8. Acron on Hor. c. 1 1 23 lituus equitum est et incurvus. PARES 140 n. 201 PLURIS DIMIDIO

ef. Pers. v 134-142.

for half as much again, at a price greater by one half Madvig § 270. 201 202 NEC TE FASTIDIA MERCIS ULLIUS SUBEANT ABLEGANDAE TIBERIM ULTRA Quintil. 1 12 § 17 dicant sine his in foro multi et adquirant, dum sit locupletior aliquis sordidae mercis negotiator. Tanning and similar offensive trades were restricted to the Transtiberine region. Mart. VI 93 1 4 tam male Thais olet quam. f non detracta cani Transtiberina cutis. id. 1 41 3 cited on v 48. ib. 108 2 pulchra quidem, verum Transtiberina domus. Becker röm. Alterth. 1655. Burn Rome and the Campagna 261-2. Philo leg. ad Gaium 23 II 568 M of Augustus πῶς οὖν ἀπεδέχετο τὴν πέραν τοῦ Τιβέρεως ποτα μοῦ μεγάλην τῆς Ῥώμης ἀποτομήν, ἣν οὐκ ἠγνόει κατεχομένην καὶ οἰκουμένην πρὸς Ἰουδαίων; Ρωμαῖοι δὲ ἦσαν οἱ πλείους ἀπελευθερωθέντες. Artemid. I 51 τὸ δὲ βυρσοδεψεῖν πᾶσι πονηρόν. νεκρῶν γὰρ ἅπτεται σωμά των ὁ βυρσοδέψης καὶ τῆς πόλεως ἀπῴκισται. Executioners also were forbidden the city Cic. p. C. Rabir. § 15.

FASTIDIA X 200.

203 think that hides, if

they bring in money, smell as sweetly as perfumes.

204 UNGUENTA XI 122 n. DL. II § 76 Aristippus when asked Tís o μεμυρισμένος; “ ἐγώ φησίν “ ὁ κακοδαίμων κἀμοῦ κακοδαιμονέστερος ὁ Περσῶν βασιλεύς. ἀλλ' ὅρα μὴ ὡς οὐδὲν τῶν ἄλλων ζῴων παρὰ τοῦτό τι ἐλαττοῦται, οὕτως οὐδ ̓ ἂν ὁ ἄνθρωπος. κακοὶ κακῶς δ ̓ ἀπόλοιντο οἱ κίναιδοι, οἵτινες καλὸν ἡμῖν ἄλειμμα διαβάλλουσιν. 204 205

LUCRI BONUS EST ODOR EX RE QUALIBET I 110—3. III 38 n. VII 4-12. Suet. Vesp. 23 reprehendenti filio Tito, quod etiam urinae vectigal commentus esset, pecuniam ex prima pensione admovit ad nares sciscitans num odore offenderetur? et illo negante atqui' inquit 'e lotio est.' Hence Amm. XXII 4 § 3 lucra ex omni odorantes occasione. Hemst. on Lucian Timon 45. DCass. LXVI 14 § 5. 205 SENTENTIA VIII 125 n. Quintil. x 1 § 50 n. 52 n. 206 DIS ATQUE IPSO 1OVE Aen. I 30 Forbiger reliquias Danaum atque immitis Achilli. Aeschyl. ch. 148. Pers. 749 750. Aristoph. eq. 1330. Matt. 8 33. Mark 15 Grinfield. 3 8. 16 7. Sall. Catil. 52 § 35. Cic. Catil. I § 11 dis immortalibus. . . atque huic ipsi Iovi Statori. Liv. XXII 14 § 10 Hannibali ac Poenis. ib. 17 § 4. Fabri on xxx 17 § 4 and xxii 14 § 10. Hor. s. 1 4 72 Fritzsche. 11 7 36 Heind. Iustin. XXIX 3 § 7 Poeni et Hannibal. xxx 3 § 2. Strabo p. 340 fin. has several exx. of this 'poetical figure'. Hand Tursell. 11 480—1.

207 III 143 n. Sen. ep. 115 § 14 sine me vocari pessimum, ut dives vocer. | an dives, omnes quaerimus, nemo, an bonus. | non quare et unde, quid habeas tantum rogant. Nauck trag., fr. adesp. 147 (in Greg. Naz. II 210) ἔα με κερδαίνοντα κεκλῆσθαι κακόν· | κρείσσον γὰρ ἢ σέβοντα τοὺς θεῶν νόμους | πένητα ναίειν δόξαν ἠμποληκότα. HABEAS... HABERE X 90. Ov. m. 1 131 amor sceleratus habendi. Hor. ep. 1 7 85 Obbar amore senescit habendi. Sen. vit. beat. 26 § 1 'quid ergo inter me stultum et te sapientem interest, si uterque habere volumus ? plurimum. divitiae enim apud sapientem virum in servitute sunt.' Plin. ep. Ix 30 § 4 ea invasit homines habendi cupido, ut possideri magis quam possidere videantur. Hegesias in Rutil. Lup. 11 2 in augenda pecunia occupatus et ha

6

bendi cupiditate depravatus summas divitias summam virtutem existimabat. Pacat. paneg. 25 fin. crescebat in dies habendi fames. Graevius on Cic. fam. VII 29 1. Staveren (on Nep. fragm. 4 qui habet, ultro appetitur) cites Greek exx, see Wetst. Matt. 13 12. Schöm. on Plut. Agis p. 107. Orelli opusc. Gr. sent. et moral. 1 505. id. ep. Socrat. p. 136. 208 Plut. de cupidit. divit. 7 p. 526 misers corrupt and pervert those whom they pretend to educate, implanting in them their own avarice and meanness, ταῦτα γάρ ἐστιν, ἃ παραινοῦσι καὶ διδάσκουσι ‘κέρδαινε καὶ φείδου, καὶ τοσούτου νόμιζε σεαυτὸν ἄξιον, ὅσον ἂν ἔχῃς.'.... οἱ δὲ τῶν φιλαργύρων παῖδες, πρὶν ἢ παραλαμβάνειν τὸν πλοῦτον, ἀναπίμπλανται τῆς φιλοπλουτίας ἀπ' αὐτῶν τῶν πατέρων.

PUERIS REPENTIBUS

Quintil. 1 2 § 6 quid non adultus concupiscet, qui in purpuris repit? ASSAE dry nurses'. schol. 'assa nutrix dicitur, quae lac non praestat infantibus, sed solum diligentiam et munditiam adhibet: nutricula sicca vetusta infantibus monstrat.' [The last clause wants but one syllable of being a hexameter.] Jahn on Pers. p. 129 'infantes, quos antiqui Romani propinquae alicui natu maiori probatis spectatisque moribus committere solebant (Tac. d. 28) postea nutricum curae demandabantur (ib. 29)... Tales solebant assae nutrices vocari. inscr. ap. Murat. 1512 6 DM. VOLVMNIAE | DYNAMIDI | VOLVMNIA | C. F. PROCLA NVTRICI | ASSAE ET | LIB. V. A. CV.' Front. ep. ad Ant. imp. 1 5 p. 103 Naber assae nutricis est infantem magis diligere quam adultam.' Heinr. cites assus siccus in the expressions assi cibi, assae sudationes, assus sol (apricatio sine unctione). On nurses vi 354. 593. Marquardt v (1) 122. Ġell. XII 1 Favorinus exhorts a mother to suckle her own child. Cato's wife nursed her child (Plut. Cato mai. 20 § 5) and he himself taught him reading (§ 6) and bodily exercises (§ 7). cf. id. de pueror. educat. 5. 209 HOC DISCUNT OMNES ANTE ALPHA ET BETA PUELLAE Arat. (in Steph. Byz. Tápyapa) Tapyapéwv παισὶν βῆτα καὶ ἄλφα λέγων. anth. Pal, x 132 4 οὐ δύνατ' ἄλφα Ypápev. Terentian. 252-5 the Pythagoreans teach summas numeri non ita litteris valere, | Graecus pueros ut docet insonans magister, cum tollere cunctos iubet altius sinistras, | unum ut sit alpha et duo beta et tria gamma. The word alphabetum occurs in Tert. and Hier. e. g. ep. 30=155. ad Paulam § 3 quater. Iren. II pr. § 1. Two alphabets and syllabaries (mi ma mu me etc.) have been found, one on a vessel (CIG 8342 in the Gregorian museum at Rome) the other (ib. 6183 from a tomb at Colle near Siena) on a wall and are discussed by Franz elementa epigr. 22. Mommsen unterital. Dialekte 8 seq. Kirchhoff Gesch. d. griech. Alphabets3 122-9. 210 a like address v 107.

is independent.

QUEMCUMQUE 42 n. 211 DIC, QUIS IUBET Ramshorn p. 712; the question VANISSIME III 159.

212 IUBET who bids you make this speed? There is no need of forcing avarice on your son; he will soon be only too apt a scholar.

PRAESTO I warrant.

213 SECURUS ABI you may safely leave him to himself, for (Cic. fam. Ix 7 § 2) πολλοὶ μαθηταὶ κρείττονες διδασκάλων.

213 214 VINCERIS, UT AIAX PRAETERIIT TELAMONEM, UT PELEA VICIT ACHILLES from Ov. m. xv 850-1 natique videns bene facta fatetur | esse suis maiora et vinci gaudet ab illo. 855-6 sic magni cedit titulis Agamemnonis Atreus: | Aegea sic Theseus, sic Pelea vicit Achilles. The superiority of the son of Thetis to his father was fated ib. xi 221

265. Welcker Aeschyl. Trilog. 29 30. Aesch. Pr. 768 Téžeтαί ye Tаîdα péρтероV TатрÓS. Quintil. III 7 § 11 eum, qui ex Thetide natus esset, maiorem patre suo futurum cecinisse dicuntur oracula. ef. the boast of Sthenelus Il. IV 405 ἡμεῖς γὰρ πατέρων μέγ ̓ ἀμείνονες εὐχόμεθ' είναι. ib. v 479 πατρός γ' ὅδε πολλὸν ἀμείνων. cf. Pind. Isthm. VIII (VII) 31-37 (66-84). Ap. Rh. Iv 801. Nonn. XXXIII 354-360. Hor. c. 1 15 28 Tydides melior patre. Aen. x 129. Manil. Iv 77 degenerant nati patribus vincuntque parentes. Aus. epitaph. 6 1 genitore bono melior Diomedes. 215 PARCENDUM EST TENERIS a humorous application of Virgil's charge to the planter g. II 363 parcendum teneris. Holyday his native sin has not full marrow yet.' others better, matured vice has not yet been bred in the bone. 216 MALA NEQUITIAE Phaedr. III 8 15 nequitiae AST CUM Exx. of ast before a consonant

malis.

in L. Müller de re metr. 394-5. BARBAM COEPERIT III 186 n.

CUM PECTERE

217 CULTRI razor. 218 VENDET PERIURIA VII 13-16. XIII 36-7. 60. 86119. 135-142. 174. 201. Phaedr. Iv 20 23-4 of the miser qui, dum quadrantes aggeras patrimonio, caelum fatigas sordido periurio. Pers. v 137. Gell. xx 1 § 53 an putas, Favorine, si non illa etiam ex duodecim tabulis de testimoniis falsis poena abolevisset et si nunc quoque, ut antea, qui falsum testimonium dixisse convictus esset, e saxo Tarpeio deiceretur, mentituros fuisse pro testimonio tam multos, quam videmus? 219 x 55 n.

EXIGUA III 24. vIII 66. XI 131. CERERIS VI 50. xv 141 n. Plut. Dion 56 § 3 Kallippos, seeing that he was suspected by the ladies of Dion's household, offered with tears to give them every assurance of his loyalty. They exacted 'the great oath,' i. e. that he should enter the temple of Ceres and Proserpina, and after certain sacrifices put on the purple garb of the goddess, take a burning torch in his hand and swear. § 4 he did all καὶ τὸν ὅρκον ἀπομόσας οὕτω κατεγέ λασε τῶν θεῶν, ὥστε περιμείνας τὴν ἑορτὴν ἧς ὤμοσε θεοῦ δρᾷ τὸν φόνον év Toîs Kopelos. cf. Hor. c. III 2 26-29.

ARAM XIII 89 n. Plaut. rud. 1333-4 tange aram hanc Veneris. Tango. Per Venerem hanc iurandum est tibi. cf. 1336. Cic. p. Fiacc. § 90 cui si aram tenens iuraret, crederet nemo. 'lex Numae regis' in Gell. IV 3 § 3 paelex aram Iunonis ne tangito. Iustin. XXIV 2 § 8 with Bernecc. and Mod. Ptolemaeus sumptis in manibus altaribus, contingens simulacra et pulvinaria deorum inauditis ultimisque execrationibus adiurat. Hdt. VIII 123. Serv. Aen. Iv 219 Varro lib. v rer. divin. plenius narrat: necesse enim erat aras a sacrificantibus teneri; quod si non fieret, dis sacrificatio grata non esset.' Cic. p. Balb. § 12. p. Flacco § 90. Andok. myst. § 126. Demosth. de cor. § 134. in Con. § 26. Aen. XII 201. Sil. III 82. Suet. Caes. 85. schol. Arat. phaen. 403. hence iurare aras III 145. Plut. apophth. Periclis 186c Wytt. πpòs dè píλov Tivà μαρτυρίας ψευδοῦς δεόμενον, ᾗ προσῆν καὶ ὅρκος, ἔφησε μέχρι τοῦ βωμοῦ φίλος εἶναι. The answer became proverbial Apostol. xI 31 a. Arsen. XXXV 53. Matt. 23 18 Wetst. 1 kings 8 31. Oehler on Tert. ad nat. 1 6 p. 314. Schütz on Aesch. s. c. Th. 44. PEDEM Iustin. i. c. 220 ELATAM I 72 n. Sen. ep. 12 §8 Pacuvius,...cum vino et illis funebribus epulis sibi parentaverat, sic in cubiculum ferebatur a cena, ut inter plausus exoletorum hoc ad symphoniam caneretur ßeßlwrai! ßeßiwrai! nullo non se die extulit. Nep. III 3