173, 174.

Discovery of America, 18; a method
of acquiring territory, 98.
Dispatches, carriage of, 308.
Disputes, amicable settlement of,
217-225.

Domicile, papers proving, 128.
Draft of treaties, 203.

"Due diligence," in the Alabama
case, 297.

Eastern and non-Christian states,
powers of consuls in, 193-196.
East India Company, powers of, 54,

55.

Educational institutions, exemption
of, 239, 240.

Egypt, relations of, to Great Powers,
92; mixed courts of, 141.
Embargo, defined, 221, 222.

'Enemy's ships, enemy's goods,"
doctrine of, 22, 300.

Enemy subjects, status of, 238.
English orders in council of 1806 and
1807, 315.

Enlistment of troops for belligerent
service, 295.

Envoys. See Ambassadors, Diplo-
matic Agents.
Equality of states, 68, 88-93.
Equity, a basis of international law,
10.

Estuaries, as affecting jurisdiction,
108.

Exchange, as a means of acquiring

territory, 100; of prisoners of war,
263, 265.

Exequatur, form of, 190; what it
relates to, 190, 191, 194, 195.
Exploration, exemption of vessels
engaged in, 245, 246.
Exterritoriality, what it is, 134 et
seq., 177.

Extradition, law as to, 142-146.

False colors, use of, 252.

"Favored nation." See Most Fa-
vored Nation.

Financial transactions, intervention
on the ground of, 86, 87.
Fisheries, on the high seas, 114;
Canadian, 114-116; Bering Sea,
116.

Fishing vessels, exemption of, from
capture, 246.

Flags of truce, use of, 253, 264, 265,
267-269, 272.

Foraging, when may be resorted to,

243.

Forbidden methods in war, 252-254.
Foreign-born subjects, jurisdiction
over, 122.

Foreign Enlistment Act of Great
Britain, 283.

France, recognition of republic of,
45-47; relation of, to balance of
power, 83; one of the Great Powers,
90; friendship of, with Russia, 93;
sale of territory to, by Monaco,
101; by Sweden, 101; partition of
Africa by, 103; jurisdiction of,
over certain gulfs, 108; treaty of,
with England as to enclosed waters,
108; convention of, as to the Suez
Canal, 111; jurisdiction over for-
eign merchantmen within her
ports, 120, 121; as to foreign-born
subjects, 122-124; marriage, 125;
naturalization, 127; sale of forests
of, by Prussians, 261; termination
of wars of, 271; relations of, to
neutrality and neutralization, 278,
279; citizens of, on expedition dur-
ing Franco-German War, 289;
views of, as to horses as contra-
band, 305.

"Free ships, free goods," doctrine
of, 247, 278, 300-303.

Gallatin, Minister, liability of ser-
vant of, to local jurisdiction, 180.
Garfield, President, testimony of
foreign minister at trial of assas-
sin of, 179.

Genêt, M., action of, as to privateers

in the United States, 282; consular
prize courts of, 325.
Geneva Arbitration, treaty as to,
204; the Alabama case at the, 297.
Geneva Convention, as laying down
new rules, 32; sick and wounded
under, 264, 280; provisions of, 395-
399.

Germany, Confederation, 51; one of
the Great Powers, 90; a party to
the Triple Alliance, 92; partition
of Africa by, 103; convention of,
as to the Suez Canal, 111; juris-
diction of, over foreign-born sub-
jects, 123, 124; citizens of, in
China, 131; volunteer navy of,
255;
sale of French forests by,
261; application of, to transport
wounded across Belgium, 287; law
of, as to prize money, 327.

Gift, as a means of acquiring terri-
tory, 100.

Good offices, settlement of disputes
by resorting to, 218.

Government of armies of United
States, 331-365.
Grant, President,

recognition of

France by, 45; proclamation of,
as to belligerent vessels leaving
United States ports, 291, 292.
Great Britain, diplomatic papers of,
34; protectorates of, 52, 53; power
of, over various companies, 54, 55;
recognition of belligerency by, 60;
relations of, to treaty of Utrecht,
76; difference of, with Venezuela,
78; intervention of, in affairs of
Denmark, 80; relation of, to bal-
ance of power, 83; one of the Great
Powers, 90; attitude of, at the
congress of Troppau, 90; Verona,
91; cession of Horse-shoe Reef by,
to United States, 100; sale of ter-
ritory to, by Netherlands, 101;
partition of Africa by, 103; treaty
of, with France as to enclosed
waters, 108; convention of, as to
the Suez Canal, 111; attitude of,
as to the three-mile limit, 112-114;

treaties of, as to Canadian fish-
eries, 114-116; Bering Sea, 116,
117; territorial waters jurisdic-
tion act of, 120; jurisdiction of,
over foreign-born subjects, 123;
attitude of, as to naturalization,
127; jurisdiction of, over aliens,
131; immunities of diplomatic
agents of, 180 et seq.; protectorate
of, over Ionian Islands, 214; war
of, with the Transvaal, 230; volun-
teer navy of, 256; guaranty of, as
to Suez Canal, 280; neutrality
laws of, 283; attitude of, as to,
Terceira affair, 288; Alabama case,
297; contraband, 307; convoy, 313;
blockade, 319, 320; continuous
voyages, 320-324; law of, as to
prize money, 327.

Great Powers, enumeration of, 90;
policy of, 90-93.

Greece, in early international law,
13; recognition of, 44; interven-
tion in affairs of, 84, 211; attitude
of Great Powers as to, 91, 92, 279;
recall of citizens by, 130; pacific
blockade of, 223; volunteer navy
of, 256.
Guaranty, treaties of, 211; as to
canals, 279, 280.

Guerilla troops, status of, 236.
Guidon de la Mar. See Sea Laws.
Gulfs, as affecting jurisdiction, 108.

Immunities and privileges of diplo-
matic agents, 175-182; consuls,
194-197.

Independence of states, 68, 74-87.
Indians, extinguishment of title of,
99.

Individuals under international law,
56.

Inequalities among states, court prec-

edence, 89; matters of ceremonial,
89; weight of influence, 89–93.
Institute of international law, as to
marine jurisdiction, 113; pacific
blockade, 223.

Instructions to diplomatic agents,
163, 202; for United States armies,
331-365.

Insurgents, who are, 56-58.
Intercourse of states, 70.
International law, definition and
general scope of, 3-5; nature of,
6-11; historical development of,
in early period, 12-14; in middle
period, 14-19; in modern period,
19-24; writers, 24-28; sources of,
practice and usage, 29, 30; prec-
edent and decisions, 30, 31;
treaties and state papers, 31-33;
text writers, 33, 34; diplomatic
papers, 34, 35; states, definition,
39, 40; nature, 40, 41; recognition
of new, 41-49; legal persons having
qualified status, members of con-
federations, etc., 50, 51; neutral-
ized states, 51, 52; protectorates,
suzerainties, etc., 51-53; corpora-
tions, 54, 55; individuals, 56; in-
surgents, 56–58; belligerents,59-63;
communities not fully civilized,

tions of states, existence, 67, 68;
independence, 68; equality, 68, 69;
jurisdiction, 69; property, 69, 70;
intercourse, 70; existence, appli-
cation of the right, 71, 72; ex-
tension of the right to subjects, 72,
73; independence, manner of exer-
cise, 74, 75; balance of power, 75,
76; Monroe Doctrine, 77, 78; non-
intervention, 78, 79; practice as
to intervention, 79-87; equality in
general, 88, 89; inequalities, 89–
93; jurisdiction, in general, 96;
domain, 97, 98; method of acquisi-
tion, 98-102; qualified, 103, 104;
maritime and fluvial, 104, 105;
rivers, 105, 106; navigation of
rivers, 106-108; enclosed waters,
108-112; the three-mile limit, 112–
114; fisheries, 114-117; vessels,
117-121; personal, general-nation-
ality, 121, 122; natural-born sub-
jects, 122; foreign-born subjects,
122-124; acquired nationality, 125–
130; jurisdiction over aliens, 130–
133; exemptions from jurisdiction,
134, 135; sovereigns, 135, 136;
state officers and property, 136-
139; special exemptions, 139–141;
extradition, 142-146; servitudes,
146, 147; property, in general, 148,
149; of the state, 149; diplomacy
and international relations in time
of peace, general development,
151, 152; diplomatic agents, 152-
159; suite, 160; who may send
diplomatic agents, 160, 161; who
may be sent, 161, 162; credentials,
instructions, passport, 162-165;
ceremonial, 165-170; functions,
170-172; termination of mission,
172-175; immunities and privi-
leges, 175-182; diplomatic practice
of the United States, 183-186;
consuls, 186-197; treaties, defini-
tion, 198, 199; other forms of
international agreements, 199-202;
negotiation of, 202-209; validity of,

Milan decree of Napoleon, 315.

Law of nations, term long used, 8.
Laws of Antwerp. See Sea Laws.
Laws of Oleron. See Sea Laws.
Laws of the Rhodians, fragment of,
13. See Sea Laws.

Legates, rules as to, 156, et seq.
See Ambassadors, Diplomatic
Agents.

Letter of credence, form of, 164.
Letters, in diplomatic relations, 200,
201.

Letters of marque. See Privateer-
ing.

Levies en masse, as combatants, 236,
262.

Liberia, recognition of, 44.
Licenses to trade, 266, 267.
Lien, right of state to enforce, 98.
Lincoln, President, proclamation of,
as to blockade, 231, 317 n.
Loans of money, by neutral to bel-
ligerent state, 295; by citizens of a
neutral state, 295.

nished by neutral to belligerent,

293.

Ministers, jurisdiction of Supreme

Court as to, 31. See Ambassa-
dors, Diplomatic Agents.
Money, as contraband of war, 305.
Monroe Doctrine, history of 77;
position of United States as to, 93.
Monroe, President, author of Monroe
Doctrine, 77.

Montenegro, recognition of, 44.
"Most

favored nation," what it
means in treaties, 213, 214.
Munitions of war, sales of, by neu-
tral, 294. See Supplies of war.

Napoleon Bonaparte, relation of,
to Monroe Doctrine, 77; sale of
Louisiana by, 101; Berlin decrees
of, 222, 315; Milan decrees of,
315.

Natural-born subjects, jurisdiction
over, 122.

Madagascar, protectorate of, 53.

Mails and mail steamers, under neu-
tral flag, 309.

Marcy, Secretary, as to naturaliza-
tion, 128.

States, 222, 400-416.

Navigation of rivers, 106-108.

Navy, exemption of, from local juris-
diction, 138.

Netherlands, sale of territory by, to
Great Britain, 101; convention of,
as to Suez Canal, 111.

et seq.

limit.

Maritime ceremonials, in salutes, 89.
Maritime war. See Neutrality.

Marriage, as affecting nationality,
125; performed by diplomatic
agent, 172.

McKinley, President, message of, as
to Cuba, 85; proclamation of as to
blockade, 317 n.

Mediation. See Good Offices.
Memoranda, what they are, 171, 200.

goods, 247; submarine telegraphic
cables, 248; definition and history
of, 277-284; laws of United States
as to, 283, 296; of nations during
war between Spain and the United
States, 283; as to departure of
hostile vessels from neutral ports,
291; British regulations as to,
291 n.; as to direct assistance,
293-295; obligations of state, 295–
297; ordinary commerce in case