Coil's Pistol-Georgia Fair-Ericsson's Invention, &c. 301 city. We approve of this movement with all our heart. Subscriptions are solicited 675,000 00 from all the Southwest. The president of the association is our worthy citizen, Dr. W. N. Mercer-the chairman of the executive committee, James Robb. Would it not be well to have a colossal group in the public grounds at Washington, representing Calhoun, Clay and Webster, the great American triad, as they appeared in the compromise discussions? $3,901,856 66 915.000 00 675,000 00 .$5,491,856 66 The people of Tennessee have managed to keep the debt of that state at a moderate point, and, under the restrictions that exist, it will be difficult to increase it much. The system of internal improvements is not calculated to involve the state so deeply as some of its neighbors, while sufficient progress is made to meet the most pressing wants of the community. From the London Service Journal we learn that Col. Colt, the inventor of the celebrated repeating pistols or revolvers, and other firearms, which attracted so much public attention in the Crystal Palace, in the American department of the Great Exhibition of 1851, has found his arms to be so greatly in request in that country, not only for the private use of individuals, but also for officers in both departments of Her Majesty's service in Great Britain, and likewise in the various British possessions abroad, that he has deemed it expedient to make arrangements for establishing a place for the manufacture of them in London. With this intention the Colonel has recently arrived in that country from the United States, and has imported a large quantity of machinery and the necessary implements for the purpose. It seems that in experiments made in England the Colt pistol has triumphed over every competitor, and thrown the officers of the army and navy into perfect ecstasies. The next fair of the Southern Central Agricultural Society of Georgia, will be held in Augusta, during the week commencing on Monday, October 17, 1853. Citizens have subscribed the very liberal sum of seven thousand dollars for the use and benefit of the Society, and the arrangements for the next exhibition are on the most extensive and perfect scale. The premium list has been very much improved in many important particulars, and embraces nearly every branch of industry and taste. We shall take great pleasure in laying it before our readers in a future issue, and will keep the public apprised of all matters of interest connected with the coming exhibition. A Clay Monument Association has been formed in New-Orleans for the purpose of raising funds to erect a colossal statue of the great statesman within the limits of the Dr. J. C. Nott, of Mobile, and Geo. R. Gliddon, have issued a prospectus for a work upon the " Types of Mankind," or chronological researches upon monuments, Paintings, skulls, &c. It is to be put to press in a short time, and will be fully noticed by us on its appearance. As a remarkable proof of the perfection to which nautical science may be carried, it is said that Lieut. Maury, of the United States tain of the clipper Sovereign of the Seas Observatory, Washington, gave to the capinstructions, on sailing around Cape Horn, which, if observed, would enable the vessel days, according to his computation, and that to make the passage of 17,000 miles in 103 the actual time of the voyage only differed two hours from the prediction! At last the great experiment of Ericsson has been crowned with the most brilliant success, and the age of steam is to be succeeded by that of an equally potent though less dangerous element. Who shall predict the end of this great innovation, or to what new results it will lead In the West, where the reign of steam has been so frightful in many of its exhibitions, we look to the movements of Ericsson with delight and hope. The Republic says:-" We may now say that Captain ERICSSON has realized the hope of his life and reached the goal of his amengine that should operate upon a less enormous consumption of fuel, and a less wholesale destruction of human beings, has been the great object of his life. To this object he has devoted his mind and his means, his time and his resources, for the last five and twenty years. He has wrought with the enthusiastic belief that it was his mission in the world to supersede steam as a motive power by some more manageable and innocuous agent. He has fulfilled his mission. bition. To invent a substitute for the steam tion are economy and safety. The engine of "The two important points in his inventhe ERICSSON is kept in motion by one-fifth of the fuel that would be consumed by a steamengine of the same power. Here at once is a vast saving of coal, in labor and in shiproom. Then there is no danger from explosion by recklessness, oversight, ignorance Cabin was sent to us by a gentleman in no danger from fire, or from the thousand Ericsson on the happy issue of his grand and one accidents to which we are always experiment. liable in steam navigation. We may travel in a caloric ship without feeling ourselves perpetually liable to be boiled, broiled, or blown up. There is nothing to apprehend from an incompetent, excited, or rash engineer, in the management of a caloric engine; for when it is once set in motion it needs no watching. and will run of itself for hours without calling for human aid. The worst that could happen, were the engine abandoned, would be for the machinery to stop some time after all the fires were extinguished." The Boston Transcript sums up the advantages of the newly invented engine as follows: 1. The caloric engine burns about onetenth as much fuel as a steam-engine; hence a caloric ship of the largest size may circumnavigate the globe without stopping to take in coal; hence, not a sail will be seen on the ocean in fifty years after the success of the new principle is certain; hence, machinery will be applied to a thousand arts which now require manual labor; hence, the possibility of that long desired machineplough; and hence the coming of that good time when arduous manual toil will absolutely cease under the sun. 2. The cost of the caloric engine is about the same as the steam engine, minus the cost of the boilers. 3. Only one-fourth as many engine-men will be required on board a caloric ship as are necessary for a steamer. 4. No smoke whatever will issue from a caloric furnace when anthracite coal is used, and consequently no huge, unsightly smoke pipe will be necessary, and the rigging will be as clean as that of a sailing ship. 5. There can be no bursting or collapsing of boilers, for the simple reason that there will be no boilers to burst. The worst accident that can happen to a caloric engine is for it to stop; nor is watchfulness imperatively required, as in no case can a dangerous accident occur. 6. Owing to the extreme simplicity of the caloric engine, the wear and tear will be very slight, and the duration of the engine proportionably long. If but half these advantages are secured by the substitution of caloric for steam in navigation, it is obvious that very important results may be anticipated. It is not expected that the Ericsson will equal the Collins steamers in speed; but her success will prove that a higher degree of power may be attained, if wanted. Owing to the great difference of expense in navigating the caloric ship, passengers will be taken at greatly reduced rates. We congratulate Captain novel, but though it is only a fiction, it is Propositions in favor of Female Teachers-New Publications. 303 it, under a system of apprenticeship and rous condition; and everywhere these teachcolonization, and not otherwise. ers are found faithful and useful. "The Pharisees lay grievous burthens, but are not willing to lift one of them with their little finger. Would Mrs. Stowe (or any abolitionist) give up all her property, including the avails of Uncle Tom's Cabin, for any purpose whatever? or would she even relinquish the anticipated pleasure of her contemplated trip to Europe, in pure sympathy for the black race? She will find abundant vice, penury, want, and almost starvation, if she will look for it, in Europe, She ought to get up a book for the universal amelioration and equalization of mankind, and point out the ways and means how to perfect so desirable a system. "VERITAS." We are indebted to Mrs. Sarah J. Hale, editor of the Ladies' Book, for a copy of her Memorial upon the subject of Female Teachers for Common Schools, and also her Appeal the subject of the Ladies' Medical Misupon sionary Society. These are papers ably drawn up, and reflecting credit upon the head and heart of the author. We have only space now to remark, that in the Memorial she asks a grant of land from Congress for establishing schools to prepare females for purposes of instruction, basing herself upon the following propositions:Whereas there are now, within these United States and territories, more than two millions of children and youth destitute, or nearly so, of proper means of education, requiring, at this moment, 20,000 additional teachers, if we give to each instructor the care of one hundred pupils, quite too many for any common school with only one teacher-therefore we beg to call your attention to the following propositions: 1. That to find 20,000 young men, who would enter on the office of pedagogue, would be utterly impossible, while the great West, the mines of California, and the open ocean, laving China and the East, are inviting them to adventure and activity. 2. That, therefore, young women must become the teachers of common schools, or these must be given up. 3. That young women are the best teach ers has been proved and acknowledged by those men who have made trial of the gentle sex in schools of the most difficult description (see Reports of the "Board of Popular Education," "Reports of Common Schools in Massachusetts, &c.,) because of the superior tact and moral power natural to the female character. 4. That female teachers are now largely employed, on an average of five of these to one male teacher, in New-England, NewYork, Pennsylvania, Ohio, and wherever the common-school system is in a prospe 5. That, to make education universal, it must be moderate in expenses, and women can afford to teach for one-half, or even less, the salary which men would ask, because the female teacher has only to sustain herself; she does not look forward to the duty of supporting a family, should she marry; nor has she the ambition to amass a fortune; nor is she obliged to give from her earnings support to the state or government. 6. That the young women of our land, who would willingly enter on the office of teacher, are generally in that class which must earn their livelihood; therefore these should have special and gratuitous opportuthus the normal schools, in educating these nities of preparing them for school duties; teachers of common schools, are rendering a great national service. 7. That, though the nation gives them these teachers, in their turn, will do the opportunity of education gratuitously, yet work of educating the children of the nation better than men could do, and at a far less expense; therefore the whole country is vastly the gainer by this system. of celibates, but that these maiden school8. That it is not designed to make a class teachers will be better prepared to enter the marriage state, after the term of three or four years in their office of instructors, than by any other mode of passing their youth That earlier marriages are productive of from seventeen or eighteen to twenty-one. much of the unhappiness of married women, of many sorrows, sickness, and premature decay and death, there can be no doubt. Mr. Livingston, of New-York, has begun the publication of a new Monthly Law Magazine, of which we have received the first number. It is ably edited, handsomely executed, and embellished with portraits of eminent lawyers. Price $3 per annum. The new Magazine of Mr. Putnam, NewYork, reached us in good season. There are many able articles from distinguished contributors, and the work shows off very handsomely. We wish the publisher much success. $3 per annum. Appleton's Mechanics' Magazine, monthly, at the same price, is also received. We thank the editors for a copy of the Pen and Pencil; a new weekly Journal in pamphlet form, published at Cincinnati, and devoted to literature, science, and art. $3 1853, is now issued, and contains a great deal of matter valuable for planters, and at a low price. Mr. Appleton has furnished us with No. 1, of a work he is publishing, entitled Memoirs, Journal, and Correspondence of Thomas Moore, edited by the Right Hon. Lord John Russell, M.P. We shall notice the parts as they appear. We are indebted to J. B. Steel, NewOrleans, for the Heart of Mid-Lothian and the Bride of Lammermoor; being two numbers of the cheap edition of Scott's Novels, now in course of publication by A. Hart, Philadelphia. We are also indebted to J. C. Morgan, New-Orleans, for a pamphlet edition of the Speeches of Hayne and Webster on the Resolutions of Foote, in 1830. We have received the February number of Hunt's Merchant's Magazine, and need not say of it that, like all of its predecessors, it is able and valuable to merchant, planter, statesman, and philosopher. Tuis work has been published for twelve or thirteen years, and enjoys a reputation on both sides of the ocean. It is published in New-York at $5 per aunum. Our thanks are due to Messrs. Tarver & Cobb, of St. Louis, for the regular issues of their Western Journal and Civilian, which is published monthly, and devoted to agriculture, manufactures, the mechanic arts, internal improvement, commerce, public po. licy and polite literature. $3 per annum. Through Leonard, Scott & Co., New-York, we receive the re-publication of, 1. The London Quarterly Review (Conservative). 2. The Edinburgh Review (Whig). 3. The North British Review (Free Church). 4. The Westminster Review (Liberal). 5. Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine (Tory). TERMS. For any one of the four Reviews, $3 per annum; for any two of the four Reviews, $5 do.; for any three of the four Reviews, $7 do.; for all four of the Reviews, $8 do.; for Blackwood's Magazine, $3 do., for Blackwood and three Reviews, $9 do. ; for Blackwood and the four Reviews, $10 do. The present postage on Black wood is 24 cents per annum; on a Review, 12 cents do. The rates are now uniform for ALL DISTANCES within the United States. L. S. & Co. have recently published, and have now for sale, the "FARMER'S GUIDE," by Henry Stephens of Edinburgh, and Prof. Norton of Yale College, New-Haven, complete in 2 vols., royal octavo, containing 1600 pages, 14 steel and 600 wood engravings. Price, in muslin binding, $6; in paper covers, for the mail, $5. This work is not the old "Book of the Farm," lately resuscitated and thrown upon the market. From W. Young, editor and proprietor, we receive the New-York Albion-a weekly journal of news, politics, and literature, published at 3 Barclay street, New-York, every Saturday, at $6 per annum. Every subscriber is entitled to a fine engraving. The subject for the present year is Mary, Queen of Scots, from an original picture. Amongst those hitherto published, and from which choice may be made, are Queen Victoria, Prince Albert, General Washington, Landseer's Dignity and Impudence, St. Paul's Cathedral, The First Trial by Jury, &c. The Southern Commercial Convention adjourned over from Baltimore, to meet on the We first Monday of June next, at Memphis. trust that the whole South will be fully and strongly represented. The people of Memphis have already moved in the matter, and passed the following resolutions : Resolved, 1st. That we, the citizens of Memphis, have read with much pleasure the proceedings of the "Southern and Western Commercial Convention" recently assembled at Baltimore. 2d. That we feel a deep and abiding interest in the objects of that Convention. 3d. That we were especially gratified at the appointment of its next meeting at this place, and we cordially offer to its members and all, from every section of the Union, who may feel interested in its proceedings, the hospitalities of our city. 4th. That a committee of ten be appointed by the chair, to make all arrangements necessary and proper for the holding of the Convention. Committee-James Penn, E. M. Apperson, Robertson Topp, M. Owen, A. O. Harris. J. J. Rawlings, C. W. Cherry, Thos. H. Allen, James Elder, J. M. Howard. Judge Overton, president of the Opelousas Rail-road, has lately made a report, which we have not seen, but which is referred to thus by the editors of the Bee : It shows that the affairs of the company have been judiciously managed. It recommends an increase in the capital of the company, and trusts the proper state aid will be given to the undertaking. Contracts have been made for the purchase of 4000 tons of rail-road iron, deliverable at the company's wharves in Algiers, at $55 per ton. Since these contracts were made, iron has risen $20 per ton, and this advance will increase the cost of the road to Washington about $800,000. It is confidently hoped that within the next twelve months the road will be completed to Berwick's Bay, and that a portion of the next year's sugar crop from Gwin's Pacific Road-Lawrence's Garden-Porcelain. the Teche will reach market by means of the road. The report dwells in glowing terms on the prospective advantages to be derived from the completion of this great undertaking, its proposed continuation into Texas, and its altimate extension to the shores of the Pacific." The "lettings" of the New-Orleans and Nashville rail-road have been completed to the Mississippi state line from South Manchac, and this part of the road, it is thought, will be ready for the rails by the end of the year. The rails have already been purchased. The surveyors are at work between the state line and Jackson, Miss., and it is intended to make the road a first class one, with easy grades, adapted to a double track. It is proposed to form a company in NewOrleans, to be called the New-Orleans and Pearl River Rail-road and Navigation Company, for the purpose of constructing a railroad from Madisonville, on the opposite side of Lake Ponchartrain, to intersect the Mobile and Ohio road at its nearest and most direct point, a distance of perhaps 160 or 170 miles. Low pressure steamers are intended to ply between Madisonville and New-Orleans. Senators Gwin and Rusk have with praiseworthy zeal been pressing the construction of a rail-road to the Pacific. Senator Gwin's plan provides for a trunk line from San Francisco to Memphis, for branches from the trunk to St. Louis, to Dubuque, to NewOrleans, and the Bay of Metagorda, in Texas, and the branch from San Francisco to Oregon, the whole length of the trunk and branches to be over five thousand miles. He proposes to grant lands for the object to the amount of a hundred and twenty-four millions of dollars, at the government price of a dollar and a quarter an acre. The road will cost, according to his estimate, $27,500 a mile. The Texas road he supposes that Texas will herself make, as she is deeply interested in the same, and as the United States have no lands in that state; but if not, he proposes that the United States shall grant money to Texas in aid of the road within her limits, as a military and post-road of the United States. The number of passengers on the road for the first year, he estimates at seventy-five thousand, and the fare at two hundred dollars; giving an income of fifteen millions from this source. Mr. Gwin's route has, he says, been fully explored, and wagons pass over portions of it even now. He mentions that it is a central and direct, and the shortest 305 His garden and grounds of Mr. Lawrence, in the PORCELAIN.-In making a tour of observaYork, we made an editorial stroll into the extion with a view to spy out the lions of Newtensive establishment of Messrs. Haviland and Brother, 47 John-street. We were kindly carried through the whole establishment, from cellar to garret, and witnessed a display of porcelain ware, which we believe can nowhere else be seen, except within the precincts of Sèvres and Limoges; certainly none comparable to it can be found the editor of the ancient and mirth-inspirin this country. One of our own fraternity, similar tour; and as he has anticipated us in ing Knickerbocker, seems to have made a correct, we will extract them for the benefit his observations, which are substantially of our readers.— "For a long period, those of our counbraced every opportunity to see the rich and trymen who have visited France have emgorgeous vases that have been sent forth from the government manufactory of porcelain at Sèvres. We remember, three or four years ago, on a visit to the palace of Versailles, seeing two very superb vases, about six feet high, from the national fabrique, upon which were represented in emblematic glorious scenes of French history. They portraiture some of the most stirring and had been presented to Louis Philippe, and cost, we believe, 50,000 francs. little idea at the time that any of our countrymen were engaged in the same departWe lately had the pleasure of visiting the ment of art and manufacture, and least of route. We had |