tle of Neville's Cross. His successor was created Earl of Westmorland by Richard II., and became brother-in-law to Henry IV. This mighty line was destroyed in the reign of Queen Elizabeth, in consequence of the part which the sixth and last Earl took in the disastrous "Rising of the North." Their immense estates were confiscated, and the Earl was forced to flee into Scotland, where he found a safe retreat with Kerr of Ferniherst. He afterwards escaped into Flanders, where he entered as a colonel into the Spanish service, and protracted a life of unavailing regret to extreme old age. Brancepeth was sold by the crown in the reign of Charles I. and, after passing through several hands, is now the property of William Russell, Esq. Raby Castle and estates were sold to Sir Harry Vane, and have descended from him in a direct line to their present possessor, the Duke of Cleveland. The first view of this fine old mansion impresses the spectator with a strong feeling of the old feudal grandeur. Pennant says of it," It is a noble massy building of its kind, uninjured by any modern strokes inconsistent with the general taste of the edifice, but simply magnificent it strikes by its magnitude and that idea of strength and command naturally annexed to the view of vast walls, lofty towers, battlements, and the surrounding outworks of an old baron's residence. The building itself, besides the courts, covers an acre of land." The interior is fitted up with all the conveniences and elegancies of modern refinement. The old baronial hall, which forms one side of the square of the inner area, is of the most magnificent proportions, 90 feet in length, 36 in breadth, and 34 in height. The roof is flat and made of wood; the joints ornamented with shields of arms of the family of the Nevilles. Here, it is said, assembled in their time 700 knights who held of that family. The kitchen, which forms a lofty square of 30 feet, is a singular relic of the ancient baronial time. The old tower of Bertram Bulmer and the Clifford tower command extensive and splendid prospects. The surrounding grounds are very beautiful.

BISHOP AUCKLAND is a small but neat town on an eminence, bounded on the south-east by the river Gaunless, and on the north by the Wear. Auckland Castle, the palace of the Bishop of Durham, stands on a hill above the town, and is a splendid but irregular pile, erected at different periods. Its situation, with hills and green sloping lawns, rocks, woods, and water, is very beautiful, and was selected by the celebrated Bishop Anthony Beck, who built here a fine castellated manor-house, which, at the time of the Commonwealth, fell into the hands of Sir Arthur Haselrigge. He destroyed the old buildings, and erected a splendid house here, which, however, on the Restoration, was again pulled down by Bishop Cousins. The present edifice has been raised by his successors to its present condition and greatness. It contains some noble rooms, adorned with several fine paintings; and in the chapel is a monument by Nollekens, in memory of Bishop Trevor, and a picture of the resurrection by Sir Joshua Reynolds. Pop. of township, 3776.

The Bishop Auckland and Weardale Railway connects the lead district with the coast.

BRANCEPETH CASTLE is situated between Bishop Auckland and Durham, at the distance of about four miles from the latter. This stately building was erected by the family of the Bulmers, most probably during the early part of the reign of Stephen. It is supposed to have derived its name, The Brawn'spath, from a huge brawn or boar, said to have once haunted this spot, and to have been killed by one of its lords. The castle was restored or rebuilt by the father of the present possessor, but still retains much of its original appearance and massive strength, and is one of the noblest mansions in the country. The rooms are splendid, and furnished with corresponding taste and richness. In the entrance-hall there is a suit of armour, richly inlaid with gold, said to be that of David Bruce, King of Scotland, taken at Neville's Cross. The baron's hall contains a fine collection of armour and arms of all sorts. The rooms are adorned with some good paintings. The country around is rich and pleasant. In the church are various monuments of the Nevilles.

CXII. LONDON TO ALDSTONE THROUGH WOLSINGHAM, STANHOPE, AND ST JOHN'S WEARDALE, 2824 Miles.

ALDSTONE stands on an eminence near the Tyne, over which is an ancient

Harperley Lane Head. 253

(256

259

bridge. The surrounding country is bleak and desolate. In the vicinity are rich and extensive lead mines. Eleven and a-quarter miles from Aldstone is Haltwhistle (Northumberland,) an ancient town containing two old border towers,--a church, adorned with old monuments, and a remarkable oval mound, called Castle Banks, in the centre of which is a fine spring. Two and a-half miles distant is Featherstonehaugh Castle, a noble edifice belonging to the Wallace family; and about 3 miles N. W. of the town are the remains of Thelwall Castle, formerly one of the boundary fortresses between England and Scotland.

CXIII. GREAT NORTH OF ENGLAND RAILWAY FROM YORK TO DARLINGTON, 45 Miles.

DARLINGTON.-Trains to and from Bishop-Auckland, Sunderland, Hartlepool, and Stockton-on-Tees, meet the arrival and departure of the trains at Darlington.

A Mail coach leaves Darlington every morning, on the arrival of No. 2 North Mail Train, by Barnard Castle, Brough, Appleby, and Temple-Sowerby, to Penrith, arriving at 6 P. M. It returns from Penrith at 7:45 A. M., and arrives in Darlington to meet No. 4 South Mail Train at 3:47.

The Nonpareil coach leaves Darlington for Barnard Castle every morning on the arrival of the North Mail Train; and returns from Barnard Castle in time for No. 5 South Train.

DARLINGTON to EDINBURGH.-The Mail leaves Darlington at 9:30 a. M. by Durham, Newcastle, Morpeth, Alnwick, Berwick, Dunbar, and Haddington, arriving in Edinburgh at 2 A. M.

COWTON.-A Mail coach leaves Richmond every day at 7·10 A. M., and 2·30

P. M., to meet the Mail Trains; returning to Richmond immediately on their arrival.

NORTHALLERTON.-A Mail coach leaves Northallerton every day on the arrival of the North Mail Train, for Bedale and Leyburn; and leaves Leyburn at a quarter past 12 at noon, to meet the South Mail Train. The Defiance leaves Leyburn at 12:30, by Middleham and Bedale, arriving at Northallerton at 4.10, returning at 4:30.

THIRSK. A Mail coach leaves Ripon every morning at 10 minutes past 6, arriving at Thirsk at 7.35; and returns from Thirsk on the arrival of the South Mail, at 4:46.

A Mail coach leaves Thirsk, on the arrival of the North Mail Train, for Tontine, Stokesley, and Guisbro'.

A coach leaves Guisbro' at 11:45 A. M., arriving at Thirsk at 4 P. M. NEWCASTLE-A Coach leaves Newcastle every evening for Darlington at 8.15 P. M.

NEWCASTLE to EDINBURGH.-The Mail from Darlington at 1·15 P. M.

The Union at 7 A. M., by Morpeth, Alnwick, Berwick, Dunbar, and Haddington.

The Highflyer at 8 A. M., by Morpeth, Wooler, Coldstream, and Kelso. SOUTH TRAINS.-No. 2 meets a coach at Eckington, for Lincoln, Boston, Newark, Worksop, &c.

Nos. 1, 2, and 4, are in connection with Trains from Birmingham to Cheltenham, Gloucester, Bristol, and the West of England.

CXIV. LONDON TO SUNDERLAND BY BOROUGHBRIDGE, THIRSK, YARM, AND STOCKTON, 268) Miles.

* Guisborough was the first place in England where alum-works were erected. Here are the ruins of an abbey which was once the burial-place of the nobility of the surrounding country. One mile south-east is a mineral spring. Four miles north-west is a lofty hill, commanding a very extensive prospect; and 4 miles south-west is Roseberry Topping, a peaked mountain, 1022 feet high, which also commands fine views. The country around Guisborough is very beautiful. 3 miles distant are Wilton Castle (Sir John Lowther, Bart.) and Skelton Castle (J. Wharton, Esq.), near which is Upleatham Hall. 5 miles distant is Kirkleatham Hall, surrounded by tasteful grounds. Near the hall is Turner's Hospital, founded, in 1676, by Sir W. Turner for 40 poor people. In Kirkleatham church is a splendid mausoleum. Beyond, is Marsh Hall, Earl of Zetland. 7 miles from Guisborough are Redear and Coatham, two small villages much frequented for sea-bathing. The sands extend 8 miles.