BURY is a considerable manufacturing town, situated on an eminence between the rivers Irwell and Roach. Although its present importance is of modern origin, it is a place of considerable antiquity, and was a Saxon town, as its name implies. The manufacture of woollen, which is of ancient date, having been carried on here by the emigrant Flemings, is still prosecuted, though not on so extensive a scale, of late years, as the cotton manufacture. There are also in and near the town several extensive establishments for bleaching, calico printing, iron foundry, and machine making. The canal from Bury to Manchester and Bolton conduces materially to its trading prosperity. Bury possesses a public subscription library, a news-room, a botanical institution, a medical library, a dispensary, and a mechanics' institution, a modern church, a chapel of ease, several meeting houses, and charitable institutions. One M. P. Pop. 20,710. On the heath near Bury, Lord Strange, afterwards Earl of Derby, mustered 20,000 men in favour of the royal cause in 1642. HASLINGDEN is a flourishing manufacturing town. The chapel contains a font of the time of Henry VIII., as well as several monuments. The Haslingden canal communicates with Bury, Manchester, Liverpool, and Leeds. Pop. 8063. On an eminence near the town is a tower erected by Messrs William and Charles Grant, (" the Cheeryble Brothers" of Dickens,) who were the first manufacturers of the district, as a kind of public thanksgiving for the public prosperity they have reaped. WHALLEY is a parish, township, and village in the hundred of Blackburn and the honour of Clitheroe. It is the largest parish in the county, containing 47 townships, and has an area of 180 square miles. The church is a venerable pile, containing some interesting monuments, and splendid carving. It was originally founded A. D. 628 and rebuilt 1100. Whalley Abbey, founded for monks of the Cistertian order, was an establishment of remarkable magnificence. The last abbot was executed in the reign of Henry VIII., for his share in the insurrection, designated" the Pilgrimage of Grace." The remains of the abbey are still sufficient to show the splendour of its architecture. The abbot house has been renovated and turned into a modern residence. CLITHEROE is situated on an eminence on the east bank of the Ribble. Here are the ruins of an ancient castle, erected by the Lacies, who came over with the Conqueror. The male line of this family became extinct in 1193, and the honor of Clitheroe passed afterwards into the possession of the famous John of Gaunt, and when his son became Henry IV. it was vested in the crown, remaining so till the time of Charles II. It is now the property of the Buccleuch family. During the commonwealth, Clitheroe castle was dismantled by order of the Parliament, and is now greatly dilapidated. Its stones contributed to build a modern mansion, which stands within its precincts. Clitheroe has an excellent grammar school, and the chapel contains some monuments. In the vicinity of the town are extensive cotton printing works. Two miles dis tant is Pendle hill, 1800 feet above the level of the sea. 6765. One M. P. Pop. Three and a-half miles from Clitheroe is Brownsholme, (T. Parker, Esq.) a curious building, erected in the time of Henry VII. containing, among other interesting antiquities, the original silver seal of the commonwealth. Eight miles from Haslingden is the town of BLACKBURN, famous for its manufacture of calicoes. It has two churches, an academy for the education of dissenting ministers, several meeting houses, a grammar school, and a gymnasium, erected by Messrs Hornby and Kenworthy, eminent mill-owners, for the recreation of their workmen. Two M. P. Pop. 36,629. About ten miles from Blackburn is the Jesuists' College of Stonyhurst.* The road leads through Ribblesdale, one of the finest and most extensive vales in England. To the left is Ribchester, the celebrated Roman station, and to the north-east, the Castle of Clitheroe, standing on its bold and abrupt eminence. Stonyhurst stands in a fine situation, and has a noble and commanding aspect. It was built in the reign of Elizabeth, by Sir Richard Sherburne, whose daughter carried the estate by marriage into the family of the Welds of Lulworth Castle, Dorsetshire, by whom it was disposed of to the founders of the college. This institution was established in 1794, and is conducted in a very efficient manner. About 180 boys, principally sons of the Roman Catholic nobility and gentry, receive their education in it. Charles Waterton and Shiel were educated here. Besides the class rooms and other accommodations necessary for the purpose of tuition, it contains a museum, in which, among other interesting objects, are the private seals of James II., and of Fenelon, and the cap, beads, seal, and reliquary of Sir Thomas More; a number of transatlantic curiosities presented by C. Waterton, Esq. of Walton Hall; a good collection of minerals and shells, bronze casts of the Cæsars, and plaster casts of the apostles, and a quaint old jewel chest which belonged to Queen Christina of Sweden. The library contains some highly illuminated MSS. In the philosophical apparatus-room there is a fine painting, by Annibal Caracci, of the Descent from the Cross. The recreation hall, a magnificent gallery, 90 feet by 20, is embellished with a great number of paintings, and hung with tapestry. The refectory was the baronial hall of the Sherburnes. The gardens are laid out in the old style, and contain some lofty well-trimmed walls of yew. Here is to be seen the identical Roman altar which Camden saw at Ribchester in 1603, one of the finest remains of classical antiquity in the country. A handsome church has lately been erected at Stonyhurst, at an expense of above L. 10,000. At Mytton church, in the vicinity, there are some fine monuments of the Sherburnes. Stonyhurst is equidistant from Clitheroe, Whalley, and Ribchester. * The distance is only about seven miles by the footpath in a direct line, but the carriage road is very circuitous. 19 164 Near Burnley is Towne ley Hall, the seat of P. E. Towneley, Esq., a venera16 ble mansion forming three sides of a quadrangle, the fourth side of which was removed about a hundred) years ago. Here is a fine collection of family portraits. This seat was once the residence of the celebrated antiquary, C. Towneley, Esq., who formed that exquisite col- 13 lection of antique marbles and statues now in the British Museum. The mansion is surrounded by noble woods, principally of ancient oak, finely dispersed and scattered over the park, and demesnes to a great extent. Near Towneley is Ormerod Ho., Hargreaves, Esq. 6 ON RIGHT FROM LOND. BURNLEY. Little Marsden. Higher Bradley. ON LEFT FROM LOND. 215 Hood House and Gawthorp Hall, the residence of the Shuttleworth fa-1 mily. Burnley stands on a 211 2144 tongue of land formed by the confluence of the Burn with the Calder. The inhabitants are chiefly engaged in the cotton manufacture. The chapel is an ancient building, and contains several monuments. There is a grammar school founded about the time of Edward VI. Pop. 10,699. Colne is a small town, with numerous cotton and woollen manufactories. It has a neat church, several meeting-houses, a grammar school, and a cloth hall. The Leeds canal passes within a mile of it. Pop. 8615. COLNE. Enter Yorkshire. 218 Glasburn. 225 CVIII. LONDON TO SKIPTON THROUGH DONCASTER, WAKEFIELD, Sharlston Hall. To Pontefract, 52 m. Hooton Pagnell Hall, Elmsall Lodge. |