APPENDIX.

Catalogue of the Subjects of the Sculptured Capitals in the Lower Stage of the Doge's Palace, Venice.

THE capitals are numbered as in the accompanying key-plan, beginning at the south-east angle on the Molo front, and going from right to left until the last capital, near S. Mark's, is reached. For those who wish for something more than a catalogue, I need hardly say that in the latter portion of the second volume of the 'Stones of Venice,' Mr. Ruskin has given all that can be desired, with his usual felicity and beauty of verbal illustration.

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In the Annales Archéologiques,' vol. xvii. (1857), Mr. Burges has given a very full and careful account of all the capitals, to which M. Didron Ainé has added some supplementary notes.

Zanotto (Il Palazzo Ducale di Venezia,' vol. i. pp. 209–355) has given a still more full description, accompanied by rather rude outlines of all the lower range of capitals. There is small need, therefore, for anything more than a mere catalogue here, which it seems to me may be of service to some of those who are able to look at the Ducal Palace, but unable to carry with them any of the weighty volumes to which I have referred.

South-east Angle.-Above the capital is the Drunkenness of

Noah.

Above this, on a level with the traceries of the upper

arcade, the archangel Raphael, with Tobit, who bears a scroll with these words

CAPITAL I. Partly built up. Has three figures of nude children, one with a comb and shears, another with a bird. The foliage is good; but the nude figures have the appearance of semi-Renaissance work.

II. Partly built up. Large birds-one devouring a serpent, another a fish, and the third pluming its feathers. The foliage here is not very good, and the design of the capital in no way first-rate, the birds being treated in a very naturalesque way.

III. Partly built up. Large heads, male and female. The man has a helmet, partly of plate, but with chain mail round the neck.

IV. Partly built up. Children, nude, holding (1) a bird, and (2 and 3) fruit.

V. Partly built up. Emperors. This is the first capital which has inscriptions. Those visible are (1) TITUS VESPASIAN IPAT; (2) TRAJANUS INPE; and (3) (OCT)AVIANUS IPATO.

VI. Partly built up. Large heads, alternated with tufts of foliage, badly carved.

VII. Virtues and Vices. (1) Liberality; inscribed LARGITAS. ME ONORAT. (2) Constancy; COSTANCIA. SU. NIL. TIMES. (3) Discord; DISCORDIA. SU. DISCORDANS. (4) Patience; PATIENTIA. MANET. MECUM. (5) Despair; DESPERACIO. MORS. CRUDELIS. (6) Obedience; OBEDIENCIA.A.DNO.EXIBEO. (7) Infidelity; INFIDELITATE.-ILI.GERO. (8) Modesty; MODESTIA. ROBU This capital should be compared with No. XXVIII. The foliage here is very beautiful; but the execution of No. XXVIII. is best.

OBTINEO.

1 "Oh, venerable Raphael, make thou the gulf calm, we beseech thee!" This figure looks towards the sea and the port.

A

VIII. Monsters, generally with musical instruments. riding figure here wears chain armour. There are no inscriptions on this capital, and its intention is very obscure. IX. Virtues. (1) Faith; FIDES. OPTIMA.IN.DEO. (2) Fortitude; FORTITUDO. SUM. VIRILIS' (Mr. Ruskin), or INVINCIBILIS.' (3) Temperance; TEMPERANTIA. SUM.IN. OMIBU. (4) Humility; HUMILITAS.ABITAT.I.ME. (5) Charity; KARITAS. DEI.MECU. EST. (6) Justice; REX.SUM.JUSTICIE. (7) Prudence; PRUDENTIA. METIT. OIA. (8) Hope; SPE. HABE.IN.DNO. The differences between this capital and No. XXIX. are very slight. In the latter, Prudence has a book, which she has not here; and Temperance has a jug here in addition to the chalice which the other carries.

X. Vices. (1) Luxury; LUXURIA. SUM. IMENSA. (2) Gluttony; GULA. SINE. ORDINE SU. (3) Pride; SUPERBIA. PREESSE.

VOLO.

(4) Anger; IRA. CRUDELIS.

E. IN. ME. (5) Avarice;

AVARITIA. ANPLECTOR. (6) Idleness; ACCIDIA. ME. STRIGIT. (7)

Vanity; VANITAS.IN. ME. HABUndat.

(8) Envy; INVIDIA.ME.

COBVRIT. This capital is very finely sculptured.

XI. Birds.

inscriptions.

Some web-footed, some not so; and with no

XII. Virtues and Vices. (1) Misery; MISERIA. (2) Cheerfulness; ALACRITAS. (3) Folly; STULTICIA

E.

REGNAT.

(4) CASTITAS (CE)L(EST)IS. E. (5) HONESTY; (HO)NEST(ATEM . DILIGO). (6) Falsehood. (7) Injustice; INJUSTICIA. SEVA. SU. (8) Abstinence; ASTINECIA. OPTIMA.E.. This capital is so much damaged as to be hardly intelligible without comparison with No. XXXIII.

XIII. Lions' heads, large and coarse, and with very poorly carved tufts of foliage between them.

XIV. Wild animals. The whole of the beast, not the head only, is given. They are poorly carved and designed.

XV. Damsels and Youths. Considered by Selvatico, and after him by Mr. Ruskin, to represent Idleness. There are no inscriptions. More probably they represent the youth of the higher class with marks of their sportive occupations. This is an extremely well-carved capital.

XVI. Eight large heads alternately with tufts of foliage. The whole finely carved and designed. Supposed by Zanotto to

represent the foreigners who traded with Venice. Selvatico describes it as representing Latins, Tartars, etc., and as being in fact a repetition of No. XXIII. (vide infra.)

XVII. Philosophers. This is very much damaged, and the inscriptions are nearly destroyed. (1) Solomon. (2) Iriscian. (3) Aristotle. (4) Tully. (5) Pythagoras. On a label carried by this figure Mr. Burges reads the date 1344. Mons. Didron interprets it 1399; this is a date, however, which he will not admit, believing the real date to be 1299. Mr. Ruskin does not appear to have seen these figures, and I have been unable to satisfy myself about them.

XVIII. This is the angle capital. Above it is the Temptation of Adam and Eve; and on the second stage, the four winds on the capital of the arcade, and the Archangel Michael above. The whole is a perfectly beautiful group of sculpture, of an equally beautiful and well-selected story.

LIBRA. CU.

ARIES. MARTIS. ET. ACU

Planets. (1) Creation of Man; DE. LIMO. DS. ADA.DE.COSTA FORMAVIT.ET.EVA. (2) Saturn; ET.SATURNE. DOMUS. EGLOCERUNTIS. ET.URNE. (3) Jupiter; INDE.JOVI. DOMA. PISCES.SIMUL, ATQ.CIRONA. (4) Mars; E E.SCORPIO. PARTIS. (5) The Sun; EST DOMU. SOLIS. TU. QUOQ.SIGNE.LEONI. (6) Venus; TAURO. VENUS. - - T. PURIOR AURO. (7) Mercury; OCCUPAT.ERIGONE.STILBONS.GEMIUQ. LACONE. (8) The Moon; LUNE CANCER. DOMUT.PBET.I.ORBE SIGNORIO. The whole of the sculpture of this capital deserves careful study. chain mail. Venus, seated on a bull, and the Moon- a female figure in a boat, with a crescent in one hand and a crab in the other-are both of them exquisitely treated.

Mars is a figure in

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XIX. Artificers. Figures alternately crowned and uncrowned working at parts of a building. The foliage is admirable. The pieces of stone on which the artificers are at work are inlaid with porphyry. Mr. Ruskin points out that all the architectural details represented are such as would be found in the early part of the fourteenth century. It is certainly very curious that among the workers one has DISCIPULUS OPTIMUS;' anotherDISIPULS INCREDUL,' over the head: a reference to S. John and S. Thomas, which is not intelligible to me.

XX. Beasts. Eight large heads, well carved and set as