Ged. Then to Sara he said, "Lo! I have given to thy brother a thousand pieces of silver, to purchase veils for thee, and for all thy attendants; for every one that is married."

et de omnibus quæ dixit redarguita; s. reprehensa est. Quocum convenit Arabs Erpenii:

وعلي كل شي توبخت Note.In those days it was usual for et de omni re وعلي كل شي

married or betrothed women to wear veils.

Quod disertius explicat

Sara had neglected, it appears, to put on reprehensa est. this distinctive badge of matrimony, that Kimchius in Lexico, monens, verba hæc she might the better pass for Abraham's esse non Abimelechi, sed scriptoris volentis sister. Hence Abimelech's mistake; and dicere, quod, quandoquidem omnia hæc illi hence his request that she will not so expose evenerint, nunc ita correpta et monita fuerit, herself, nor any of her female attendants, ne ultra se diceret sororem Abrahami, ob who are not unbetrothed virgins. periculum in quod semel jam atque iterum adducta fuerat eo nomine. Quæ quidem interpretatio et verbis et rei, de qua agitur, omnium optime videtur convenire.

1 ante

Rosenmüller gives a similar explanation of this passage. And unto Sarah he said, "Behold, I have given thy brother a thousand pieces of silver: let that be to redundat, ut Levit. xii. 16. thee a covering of the eyes among all who, et postridie residuum ex eo are with thee." comedatur. Vid. et Jerem. xl. 8. Erant, Thus in all things she was reproved. He takes to be the third qui vocem, ex Arabico feminine, and a form inclining to the Chaldee for, and the to be redundant. Ecce fratri tuo mille argenteos dedi, illud tibi sit velamen oculorum inter omnes qui

matri

monio sibi junxit feminam explicandam putarent, ut Seidenstücker in Commendat. in h. 1.; quæ legitur in dem Magazin, für Religionsphilosophie, Exegese etc. P. iv., p. 218. seqq., qui vertit: et eris, permanebis juncta marito; et J. H. Verschuir, qui in

Opusce. p. 323, seqq. hune locum minus

feliciter tractavit. Prætermittimus plures

datur tibi pro vestitu pulchro omnibus qui alias parum probabiles interpretationes, tecum sunt. Cepit is, significatu quas, qui noscere cupiat,

5/6

evolvat A.

Pfeifferi Dubia vexata, Cent. I. Loc. 49. in

Arabici, et D, elliptice positum Operr. p. 67. seq., C. B. Starkii Nott. selectt. p. 44, et J. D. Michaelis Biblioth. Orient. P. IX., p. 188.-Rosen.

Schum.-Behold, I have given thy brother

existimavit pro desiderium oculorum oculis desirabile, pulchrum adspectu (1 Reg. xx. 6, Ezek. xxiv. 16, 21, 25.) Jarchi a thousand pieces of silver; let them be to verba ita exponit; ecce, hunc tibi honorem thee a covering of the eyes for (i.e., cause habui: dedi opes ei, quem fratrem tuum you not to see, to forget, or connive at) all esse dixisti; opesque et honor iste erunt tibi those things which, through my means, tegumentum oculorum, i.e., defensio pudi- have happened to you and to all who belong citiæ tuæ, ne quis te tanquam stupratam to you; and let them be a means of condespiciat. Aben Esra refert ad Abra- ciliating you to me. hamum, ut dicat Abimelechus, Abrahamum Deinde ad Saram se convertens, dixit, Saræ pro velamine oculorum esse, eam ejus Ecce dedi fratri tuo mille argenteos siclos, præsidio tutam, et quasi velamine tectam, ecce hi tibi sint oculorum velamentum eorum ne quis ejus pulchritudine inflammatus causâ, quæ tibi et omnibus tuis acciderunt, in eam quicquam tentare auderet; ut non idemque te mihi benevolam reddant. necesse haberet eum dissimulare, sed palam he thus explains, Equidem putaverim ac aperte pro marito suo posset agnoscere; esse nomen notione affine vocabulo eundemque Abrahamum fore quoque om- rectum, et formatum ex analogia vocabuli nibus, quæ cum Sara sint, i.e., ancillis in in quo repetendum sit mente D hoc nuptis, operimentum oculorum, i. e., eis sensu: et sit rectum oculorum, i. e., pecunia præstiturum, ne quis lascivos et impudicos quam Abrahamo dedi, efficiat, ut iis, quæ oculos in eas conjiciat. Sed multo aptius tibi tuisque acciderint, conniveas, et mecum

ἰδοῦσα δὲ Σάῤῥα τὸν υἱὸν ̓Αγαρ τῆς

Syr. 120mm, absconsio. Arab. ὅμως, indu- Αἰγυπτίας, ὃς ἐγένετο τῷ ̓Αβραὰμ, παίζοντα mentum. (a) Covering: meton. (b) cloth-Herà 'IσaàK TOÙ VIOû AVTηS.

ing. (a) Gen. xx. 16, 2, he, or it, is to thee a covering of the eyes. According to Gesenius, the thousand shekels just mentioned, were to be considered as a mulct, or fine, from the king of Gerar, to induce Sarah to connive at his fault; and this he argues is the meaning of the LXX. ταῦτά ἔσται σοι εἰς τιμὴν τοῦ προσώπου σου, καὶ πάσαις ταις μετὰ σοῦ.

Au. Ver.-9 And Sarah saw the son of

Hagar the Egyptian, which she had born unto Abraham, mocking.

Mocking.-Ged.-Deriding her son Isaac. LXX. and Vulg. supply the word Isaac, but they translate badly, ludentem cum Isaaco.-Schum.

Ver. 13.

וְגַם אֶת־בֶּן־הָאָמָה לְגוֹי אֲשִׂימֶנּוּ כִּי Which any

καὶ τὸν υἱὸν δὲ τῆς παιδίσκης ταύτης εἰς

ἐστιν.

ordinary reader of Greek would, perhaps, take to mean, these shall be for the honour of thy person, &c., i. e., those shekels were to be considered as a present of honour, ἔθνος μέγα ποιήσω αὐτὸν, ὅτι σπέρμα σόν just as dresses of honour are now, when given by princes in the East. The covering of the eyes here seems to intimate much the same thing as St. Paul's covering for the woman, 1 Cor. xi. 5, seq., i. e., to procure the respect due to her, Job xxvi. 6.

Ver. 17.

Heb., Au. Ver.-17 So Abraham prayed unto God and God healed Abimelech, and

Ged. But of that

Au. Ver.-13 And also of the son of the bondwoman will I make a nation, because he is thy seed. handmaid's son also, I will make a great + nation, &c. *R. 18, Sam., LXX. + Sam., LXX., Syr., Vulg.

Ver. 14-18.

14 וַיַּשְׁכֵּם אַבְרָהָם בַּבֹּקֶר וַיִּקְח לֶחֶם his wife, and his maidservants; and they

JT T:

bare children.

And they bare.

kaì eine. tis åvayyedei Top Aßpaàμ, öri θηλάζει παιδίον Σάρρα, ὅτι ἔτεκον υἱὸν ἐν τῷ γήρᾳ μου ;

AT

Tan nipa nag-ba nipe p nwż : περί της ΝΕΠΙ ΤΗΣ Σ

Au. Ver., Rosen.—7 And she said, Who bit Bribe on 17

born him a son in his old age.

מַלְאַךְ אֱלֹהִים וּ אֶל־הָגָר מִן־הַשָּׁמַיִם would have said unto Abraham, that Sarah וַיֹּאמֶר לָהּ מַה־לָךְ הָגָר אַל־תִּירְאִי כִּי־ should have given children suck? for I have שָׁמַע אֱלֹהִים אֶל־קוֹל הַנַּעַר בַּאֲשֶׁר הוּא־

ὅρκου. 15 ἐξέλιπε δὲ τὸ ὕδωρ ἐκ τοῦ ἀσκοῦ. [ boy was set upon his mother's shoulders, as καὶ ἔῤῥιψε τὸ παιδίον ὑποκάτω μιᾶς ἐλάτης. well as the bread and water.

So the LXX.

16 ἀπελθοῦσα δὲ ἐκάθητο ἀπέναντι αὐτοῦ understood it; and the expression of castμακρόθεν, ὡσεὶ τόξου βολήν. εἶπε γὰρ, οὐ ing the child under one of the shrubs, in μὴ ἴδω τὸν θάνατον τοῦ παιδίου μου, καὶ ἐκάθισεν ἀπέναντι αὐτοῦ. ἀναβοῆσαν δὲ τὸ παιδίον ἔκλαυσεν. 17 elonκovσe de ó còs τῆς φωνῆς τοῦ παιδίου ἐκ τοῦ τόπου οὗ ἦν. καὶ ἐκάλεσεν ἄγγελος θεοῦ τὴν ̓Αγαρ ἐκ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ, καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῇ. τί ἐστιν "Αγαρ; μὴ φοβοῦ. ἐπακήκοε γὰρ ὁ θεὸς τῆς φωνῆς τοῦ παιδίου ἐκ τοῦ τόπου οὗ ἐστιν. 18 ἀνάστηθι καὶ λάβε τὸ παιδίον, καὶ κράτησον τῇ χειρί σου αὐτό. εἰς γὰρ ἔθνος μέγα ποιήσω αὐτό.

Au. Ver.-14 And Abraham rose up early in the morning, and took bread, and a bottle of water, and gave it unto Hagar, putting it on her shoulder, and the child, and sent her away: and she departed, and wandered in the wilderness of Beersheba.

15 And the water was spent in the bottle, and she cast the child under one of the shrubs.

16 And she went, and sat her down over against him a good way off, as it were a bowshot for she said, Let me not see the death of the child. And she sat over against him, and lift up her voice, and wept. 17 And God heard the voice of the lad; and the angel of God called to Hagar out of heaven, and said unto her, What aileth thee, Hagar? fear not; for God hath heard the voice of the lad where he is.

18 Arise, lift up the lad, and hold him in thine hand; for I will make him a great

nation.

verse 15, confirms this interpretation.
Ishmael was not less than fourteen, when
Isaac was born. At this time, therefore,
he must have been at least in his fifteenth
year. It is to be remembered, that human
life, although by this time much contracted,
still extended beyond the double of its
present length. And as the length of in-
fancy, and of every other stage of life, must
always have borne some certain proportion
to the extent of the whole, when men lived
to 150, and even beyond it, it may reason-
ably be supposed that they were weak and
tender at fourteen or sixteen years of age.
This we must conclude, I think, from this
story, to have been the case in the times of
Abraham and his sons. And so Josephus
thought. For he says expressly, that
Ishmael at this time could not go alone.
But things altered much in the three next
generations. For Joseph, Abraham's great
grandson, at the age of seventeen, took
part with his brethren in the business of
feeding their father's flocks, and at the age
of thirty, interpreted Pharaoh's dream, and
became his prime minister."

15.-Au. Ver.-She cast.
Ged. She placed.

16, 17, & 18.-Au. Ver.-And she sat, &c. Ged. So, she sat down over against him. And the *lad wept with a loud voice, 17 And GoD heard the voice of the lad, &c., 18 Arise, lift up the lad, and give him thy assistance, for a great nation I will make

&c.

of him.

So the LXX. 18 Rosen.

14 Ged.-Abraham then rose early in the morning; and, taking bread and a bottle of water, he put them on Agar's shoulder; and, with the lad, dismissed her. Jerome, Le Clerc and Rosenmüller join manum tuam in illo, i.e., ne eum deseras ; curam ejus age, donec adoleverit.

as Ishmael, who was now, ויתן to ואת הילד

seventeen years old, could not have been carried on Hagar's shoulders as the Hebrew seems to express, tradiditque puerum et dimisit eam. Dathe, Eamque cum puero dimisit.

Schumann thinks that the text and context lead us to suppose that Ishmael was carried on Hagar's shoulders. I omit his explanation, as few of my readers will agree with it.

Confirma

Au. Ver.-20 And God was with the lad; and he grew, and dwelt in the wilderness, and became an archer.

Ged. Ges. archer.

And he became an expert bowman.
And he became as he grew up an
Vulg., factusque est juvenis sagit-

Rosenmüller takes

as equivalent to 17

as an archer, here

Bp. Horsley's explanatory note on the tarius. passage is as follows:

"The Hebrew seems to express that the one who darts, and

put to qualify the general term 7727. Jacu- Rosen.-And Abraham planted tamarisk lator arcuarius, nam jaculator quum gene- trees in Beersheba, &c.

, quasi dicat: fuit peritus; jaculandi tamarisk which grows to the height of a arcu sagittarius. LXX. bene: TOέórηs.— middle-sized tree, is thorny, and bears on Rosen.

Schum.-Either, He continued to improve in archery, fuit crescens sagittarius, i. e., in deserto magis magisque excoluit artem sagittariam, erat magnus sagittarius, or else as Rosenmüller, one who shoots from a bow, jaculator arcitenens.

Prof. Lee.-He became increasing, i. e., growing up an archer. Arab. adolevit.

Ver. 22.

the knots of its branches little yellow-brown berries of a pea form, which resemble the gall-nuts, Tamarix Orientalis Linn. Gen. xxi. 33, 1 Sam. xxii. 6, xxxi. 13. The parallel passage 1 Chron. x. 12, has instead of it fir-tree, but which must not be considered as a certain explanatory gloss. CHAP. XXII. 1.

ربي

: πως πρώτος 557 την ΕΤ

22 ἐγένετο δὲ ἐν τῷ καιρῷ ἐκείνῳ. καὶ εἶπεν ̓Αβιμέλεχ, καὶ ̔Οχοζὰθ ὁ νυμφαγωγός αὐτοῦ, καὶ Φιχόλ ὁ ἀρχιστράτηγος τῆς δυνάμεως αὐτοῦ πρὸς 'Αβραάμ, λέγων. ὁ θεὸς μετὰ σοῦ ἐν πᾶσιν, οἷς ἐὰν ποιῇς.

Au. Ver.-22 And it came to pass at that time, that Abimelech, and Phichol the chief captain of his host spake unto Abraham, saying, God is with thee in all that thou doest.

Ged. It was about this time that Abimelech, accompanied by his friend Ahuzzath

*

καὶ ἐγένετο μετὰ τὰ ῥήματα ταῦτα ὁ θεὸς ἐπείρασε τον Αβραάμ, καὶ εἶπεν αὐτῷ.

Αβραάμ Αβραάμ. καὶ εἶπεν. ἰδοὺ ἐγώ.

Au. Ver. And it came to pass after these things, that God did tempt Abraham, and said unto him, Abraham: and he said, Behold, [Heb. Behold me] here I am.

Ged., Booth. And it came to pass after these events, that the Lord, to prove Abraham, said unto him, Abraham! Abraham!* &c., &c.

*K. 69, R. 16, LXX. Vulg. have the word Abraham twice.

Ver. 2.

וַיֹּאמֶר קַח־נָא אֶת בִּנְךָ אֶת-יְחִידְךָ,.and by Phicol the chief of his host, &c

&c.

*Geddes supplies these words from the LXX. Rosenmüller thinks that the LXX. on their own authority added these words from chap. xxvi. 26.

Ver. 24.

Au. Ver.-24 And Abraham said, I will

pas-by db-abı poYYON BEÒN-WN

καὶ εἶπε. λάβε τὸν υἱόν σου τὸν ἀγαπητὸν, ὅν ἠγάπησας τὸν Ἰσαὰκ, καὶ πορεύθητι εἰς τὴν γῆν τὴν ὑψηλὴν, κ.τ.λ.

Au. Ver.-2 And he said, Take now thy son, thine only son Isaac, whom thou lovest, Ged.-And Abraham answered, "I swear." offer him there for a burnt offering upon one and get thee into the land of Moriah; and

swear.

Ver. 33.

of the mountains which I will tell thee of. The land of Moriah, i.e., according to

וַיִּטַע אֲשֶׁל בִּבְאֵר שָׁבַע וַיִּקְרָא־שָׁם

.Rosenmiiller, the land of vision בְּשֵׁם יְהוָה אֵל עוֹלָם :

: o

καὶ ἐφύτευσεν Αβραὰμ ἄρουραν ἐπὶ τῷ φρέατι τοῦ ὅρκου. καὶ ἐπεκαλέσατο ἐκεῖ τὸ ὄνομα κυρίου, θεὸς αἰώνιος.

Au. Ver.-33 And Abraham planted a grove [or, tree] in Beersheba, and called

LORD,

Ver. 11.

Au. Ver.-The angel of the Lord. Booth. The angel JEHOVAH. See note on xvi. 7.

Ver. 13.

וַיִּשָּׂא אַבְרָהָם אֶת־עֵינָיו וַיַּרְא וְהִנֵּה־ there on the name of the Lonn, the ever

lasting God.

E

his eyes up

καὶ ἀναβλέψας Αβραὰμ τοῖς οφθαλμοῖς Schumann adopts the translation of Eben αὐτοῦ εἶδε. καὶ ἰδοὺ κριὸς εἶς κατεχόμενος ἐν Ezra. And Abraham lifted φυτῷ Σαβὲκ τῶν κεράτων.

Au. Ver.-13 And Abraham lifted up his eyes, and looked, and behold behind him a ram caught in a thicket by his horns.

Ken., Bochart, Gesen.-And Abraham lifted up his eyes, and looked, and behold a ram caught in a thicket by his horns.

A ram. Many Hebrew manuscripts,

and saw a ram, and it was caught in a thicket by its horns [Heb., after it was caught in a thicket by its horns.] Sic redde mentem loci. Tum vidit Abrahamus arietem eumque in perplexo cornibus implicitum, sive postquam in virgultis cornibus erat implicitus.— Schum.

Ver. 14.

וַיִּקְרָא אַבְרָהָם שֵׁם הַמָּקוֹם הַהוּא one, instead of אחר Sam., LXX., Syr. read

.behind אחר יְהוָהוּ יִרְאֶה אֲשֶׁר יֵאָמֵר הַיּוֹם בְּהַר ,Rosenmiller defends the present reading

יְהוָה יֵרָאֶה :

and adopts the explanation of Abarbenel :

And Abraham lifted up his eyes and καὶ ἐκάλεσεν Αβραὰμ τὸ ὄνομα τοῦ τόπου looked, and behold a ram (feeding there); ἐκείνου, κύριος εἶδεν. ἵνα εἴπωσι σήμερον, and afterwards (he saw the same ram) caught ev Tô öpet kúpios ☎þeŋ. in the entanglement of the thicket by his horns.

Au. Ver.-14 And Abraham called the name of that place Jehovah-Jireh [that is, Ex mente eorum, qui textum accentibus the LORD will see, or, provide]: as it is distinxerunt, non esse cum jun- said to this day, In the mount of the LORD gendum, docet accentus major distinctivus it shall be seen.

Rosen., Schum.-As it is said to this day, In the mount of Jehovah it shall be provided.

CHAP. XXIII. 1.

Sakeph-katon nomini impositus, neque Ken. And Abraham called the name of cum verbis proximis, ut vult Aben that place Jehovah-Jireh, because he had Esra, arctius connectendum esse, ostendit said that day, "The Lord will provide." accentus distinctivus Sakeph-gadol, illi particulæ appictus. Quod non effugit Abarbenelem, qui locum recte interpretandum esse docet hoc modo: et ecce arietem, scil. pascentem illic, postea, subaudi: vidit eundem Au. Ver.-And Sarah was an hundred arietem detentum in vepreto. "Duo igitur, and seven and twenty years old: these were quæ mira essent, hic commemorantur, the years of the life of Sarah. primum quod aries præsto esset in eo loco These were the years of the life of Sarah. quo tunc nullæ aliæ pecudes pascerent, Geddes and Boothroyd omit these words deinde, quod quum Abrahamus eum libere on the authority of LXX. and Vulg. pascentem conspiceret, eundem statim videret in vepreto detentum, quo monitus

Ver. 3.

וַיָּקָם אַבְרָהָם מֵעַל פְּנֵי מֵתוֹ וַיְדַבֵּר est, arietem non fortuito, sed Deo sie

dirigente, illuc venisse."

Detentus

καὶ ἀνέστη Αβραὰμ ἀπὸ τοῦ νεκροῦ αὐτοῦ. καὶ εἶπεν Αβραὰμ τοῖς υἱοῖς τοῦ Χὲτ, λέγων.

Au. Ver.-3 And Abraham stood up from before his dead, and spake unto the sons of Heth, saying,

Ged. And Abraham stood up from lamenting over his dead, and spake, &c.

time they sat upon the ground while they By this it seems apparent that in Abraham's mourned, as it is certain they did in after ages.-Bp. Patrick. Comp. Is. iii. 26, And her gates shall lament and mourn; and she being desolate shall sit upon the ground.