CHAPTER XVIII.

ARRIVAL OF THE REBELS AT GLASGOW-SIEGE OF STIRLING -GENERAL HAWLEY-HIS DEFEAT AT FALKIRK.

ON passing the border, Charles divided his army into two separate corps, which, on the evening of the same day, arrived at Annan and Ecclefechan, and, pursuing their march through Dumfries and Moffat, united again at Glasgow on the 6th of January, 1746. The people of Dumfries, zealous Presbyterians, had all along distinguished themselves by their attachment to the house of Hanover, and had, on a former occasion, manifested their political partiality by seizing some baggage and ammunition belonging to the Jacobite army. When the Highlanders marched in, they found the city illuminated in consequence of a rumour that a serious disaster had befallen the insurgent army. Charles imposed a fine of 20007. upon the town, disarmed

the inhabitants, and, having obtained only eleven hundred pounds, he took away the provost and another magistrate as hostages for the remainder. No personal outrage, however, was in any instance permitted against those who manifested their hostility to his cause, and the only punishment to which the anti-Jacobite nobility and gentry were subjected was to have the Prince and his officers quartered in their houses. On this principle, the Prince lodged himself, on the 2nd of January, at Drumlanrig, the seat of the Duke of Queensberry, who, like his father, had at all times been devoted to the Hanoverian succession, and was considered in Scotland to have shown his devotion at the cost of his country. The Highlanders marked their dislike of the duke by injuring some portraits of King William and of the daughter of James II.; of this outrage, not one of a very serious nature, when the popular irritation against the duke is taken into consideration, the traces still remain.

At Lismahago, the troops behaved with less. moderation. Young Kinloch-Moidart having been sent by the Prince with despatches to the Hebrides, was arrested on his way by the people of that

village, delivered over to the English authorities, and subsequently executed at Carlisle. The Highlanders, on entering the place, set fire to several of the houses, but, by the exertions of the officers, order and discipline were quickly restored.

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The people of Glasgow had expected to see in the Jacobite army only a band of disorderly fugitives; but the Highlanders presented, on the contrary, the appearance of a well-disciplined force, though their weather-beaten faces, their bristly beards, and their ragged habiliments gave them a somewhat formidable air in the eyes the substantial burghers of the first commercial city of Scotland. The people of Glasgow had many reasons for apprehending the resentment of the Jacobites, and, indeed, according to the established rules of warfare, they would have been entitled to treat the city with severity, a regiment, for the service of King George, having been lately raised and equipped by the citizens, who, throughout the whole contest, had shown themselves more hostile to the cause of the Stuarts than had the inhabitants of any other town in Scotland. Strict discipline was, nevertheless, maintained by the troops, but a heavy requisition

of 5500l. was imposed upon the city, besides which the magistrates were obliged to furnish twelve thousand shirts, six thousand tartan jackets, six thousand plaids, six thousand pair of shoes, and the same number of stockings. Thus was the city of Glasgow, upon the whole, amerced in a sum of about 10,000l., for which the magistrates afterwards claimed and received a compensation. The city of Glasgow, as we have already seen, had, on a former occasion, immediately after the battle of Preston, been called on to pay a similar contribution of 55007.

The Prince lodged at Glasgow in the house of a wealthy merchant of the name of Glasford. Here, also, the conduct of Charles was marked by that delicacy and forbearance, which had everywhere wrung praises even from his most determined foes. Nevertheless, the spirit of the Glasgow people continued as hostile as ever, offering a remarkable contrast to the reception which Charles had experienced at Edinburgh. A few Jacobite ladies, indeed, assumed the white cockade, and about sixty men enlisted in his army; but the Presbyterian clergy, one and all, declaimed against him from their pulpits with

indomitable zeal, one of them going so far as to declare that all the marks of the Beast mentioned in Revelations might be traced in the mild and amiable features of the Prince. A fanatic even snapped a pistol at him, when he was riding through the Salt-market, and, as on former occasions, the attempt at assassination was followed by no punishment.

It was at Glasgow that Charles received the afflicting intelligence of the fall of Carlisle, and of the captivity of the small but gallant garrison. The news was brought by two officers of Lally's regiment, Nairn and Gordon, who had formed part of the garrison, and who, not placing much reliance upon the capitulation granted them by the Duke of Cumberland, had succeeded in effecting their escape. They but too well foresaw the fate that awaited their late companions, and communicated their apprehensions to the Prince, whose mind was, in some measure, diverted from the gloomy prospect by the engrossing cares which he was obliged to devote to his preparations for his second Scottish campaign.

At Glasgow, the troops were allowed to rest themselves eight days. The whole force, amount