ILLUSTRATIONS.

IDEAL SCENE OF TROGLODYTIC LIFE

....

SKELETON OF THE MAMMOTH.-ST. PETERSBURG.

DRIFT IMPLEMENT FROM ST. ACHEUL, AMIENS (HALF SIZE)
DRIFT IMPLEMENTS FROM ST. ACHEUL, AMIENS (HALF SIZE).
FLINT FLAKE FROM MONTIERS, AMIENS (HALF SIZE).
COSCINOPORA GLOBULARIS (Natural Size).

DRIFT IMPLEMENT FROM ICKLINGHAM, SUFFOLK (HALF SIZE).
SKELETON OF THE GIGANTIC IRISH DEER....

SKULL OF THE WOOLLY-HAIRED RHINOCEROS...
SKULL OF THE CAVE-BEAR...

PAGE

Frontispiece.

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17

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27

36

37

45

46

...

49

53

53

SECTION OF A PART OF THE CAVE OF GAILENREUTH, BAVARIA
FLINT IMPLEMENTS FROM KENT'S CAVERN (HALF SIZE).
BONE IMPLEMENTS FROM KENT'S CAVERN (NATURAL Size).
SECTION OF THE GROTTO OF AURIGNAC..

THE NEANDERTHAL SKULL (SIDE VIEW)

THE ENGIS SKULL (SIDE VIEW)............

PERFORATED TOOTH OF A LION.-FROM THE LOWEST DEPOSIT OF A GROTTO NEAR SORDE, ON THE RIVER OLORON, SOUTHERN FRANCE (NATURAL SIZE)

58

REPRESENTATION OF A MAMMOTH ON A PLATE OF IVORY (REDUCED).

-FROM LA MADELAINE......

59

FLINT IMPLEMENTS FROM THE DORDOGNE CAVES (HALF SIZE).......
HORN AND BONE IMPLEMENTS FROM THE DORDOGNE CAVES (NEARLY
HALF SIZE)....

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68

HOLLOWED PEBBLE OF GRANITE (ABOUT ONE-THIRD OF NATURAL SIZE).
-LES EYZIES...

ORNAMENTS FROM THE DORDOGNE CAVES (NEARLY HALF SIZE)..
REPRESENTATIONS OF FISHES AND A HORSE ON A BATON OF REINDEER
HORN (LENGTH, ONE FOOT).-LA MADELAINE..
DELINEATIONS ON PIECES OF ANTLER.-LA MADELAINE.
FRAGMENT OF A BATON OF REINDEER HORN TERMINATING IN AN ANI-
MAL'S HEAD (NATURAL SIZE).-LAUGERIE BASSE.....

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75

77

DRAWING OF THE ALPINE IBEX ON REINDEER Antler (Natural Size).
-LAUGERIE BASSE....

HEAD OF THE ANTILOPE SAÏGA ENGRAVED ON BONE (NATURAL Size).
-FROM THE GROTTO OF GOURDAN, NEAR MONTRÉJEAU, HAUTE-
GARONNE....

ENTRANCE TO THE HOHLEFELS CAVE, WÜRTEMBERG.

IMPLEMENT MADE OF THE JAW OF A CAVE-BEAR (NEARLY HALF SIZE).
-HOHLEFELS CAVE....

90

REINDEER SKULL TRANSFORMED INTO A VESSEL (NEARLY HAlf Size).
-HOHLEFELS CAVE....

92

AMULETS FROM THE HOHLEFELS CAVE (HALF SIZE)...
RESTORED EARTHEN VESSEL-FROM THE TROU DU FRONTAL.... ... 101
REPRESENTATIONS OF ANIMALS FROM THAYNGEN, SWITZERLAND (NATU-

93

RAL SIZE).

103

FIGURE OF A BROWSING REINDEER ENGRAVED ON REINDEER HORN (NATURAL SIZE).-FROM THAYNGEN, SWITZERLAND

105

IDEAL REPRESENTATION OF A SWISS LAKE-VILLAGE.
IMPLEMENTS FROM THE KJÖKKENMÖDDING AT MEILGAARD. .
LACUSTRINE RELICS OF STONE, HORN, AND BONE......

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111

. 122

PICK-SHAPED IMPLEMENT OF STAG HORN (20 INCHES LONG).-Lake of

NEUCHÂTEL.

LACUSTRINE MANUFACTURES OF WOOD AND CLAY...
WOVEN AND PLAITED FABRICS OF THE LAKE-MEN.

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127

129

CARBONIZED PEAR AND APPLES FROM THE LAKE-DWELLINGS (Natural
SIZE)..

TUMULUS OF THE STONE AGE.-ISLAND OF MÖEN, DENMARK.

DANISH CROMLECH...

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137

139

141

DANISH FLINT TOOLS...

FLINT ARROW-HEADS (NATURAL SIZE).-GREAT BRITAIN AND DENMARK. 143
FLINT ARROW-HEAD MOUNTED IN A SILVER FRAME (NATURAL SIZE).

DRILLED STONE AXES (ONE-FOURTH OF NATURAL Size).—DENMARK... 150
BROKEN AXE WITH NEW SHAFT-HOLE (HALF SIZE).-SWEDEN........
PERFORATED HAMMER OF QUARTZITE (HALF SIZE).—ENGLAND..
SINK-STONE AND HAMMER-STONE (ONE-THIRD OF NATURAL SIZE).-DEN-

ORNAMENTED DANISH VASE (ONE-THIRD OF NATURAL SIZE).
GRINDING-STONE.-VARENNE-SAINT-HILAIRE, FRANCE..

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159

ALL races of the earth, it is now well understood, were at a certain period of their existence so little advanced in the arts of civilization that necessity compelled them to employ wood, bone, horn, shells, but especially stone, as the materials for manufacturing their simple tools, weapons, and objects of personal adornment.

This period, doubtless everywhere of long duration, is called the Stone Age. It preceded in Europe, and probably in certain parts of Asia and Africa, the introduction of bronze, which is