of gift-books, 32; and of poetical works, including hymn books for the use of churches, 80. The number of religious and theological works is 170. Comprising under one head general histories, travels and works descriptive of countries, not strictly geographical, we may put their number at 121. Of biographies there are 96, of scientific works, 50, and of metaphysical treatises, strictly so called, 8. Of mathematical works there are 17; classical books, 7; dictionaries and treatises (not grammars) on language, 13; school-books, 50; legal works, 48; medical works, 47; agricultural, 20; practical mechanics, 18; artistic, 6; architectural, 8; political, 16; commercial, 12; orations, 3; works entitled essays, in general, 11; manners and morals, strictly so called, 18; 80cial economy, comprising cook books and works for housekeepers, 15; natural history, 8; miscellaneous, embracing works not within the scope of either of the above divisions, and often possessing considerable literary merit, 48. OFFICIAL STATISTICAL RETURNS OF THE TRADE OF RUSSIA. Having given in a previous article a general view of the import and export trade of Russia, some particulars of the rise and progress of its cotton manufactures cannot fail to be interesting. The quantity of raw cotton entered for home consumption in European Russia was, in 1842, 18,477,144 lbs., and increased progressively to 1848, when it realized 44,331,660 lbs. In 1842, 21,760,380 lbs. of cotton twist was also imported, but in consequence of the establishments in Russia, which we shall particularize presently, decreased in 1848 to 13,901,142 lbs. The following is an official statement in a tabular form of the quantities of raw cotton and cotton yarn imported at St. Petersburg in each year from 1838 to 1849: We subjoin a curious statement of the number of cotton-spinning factories at St. Petersburg, with the number of spindles, and the quality and quantity of yarn produced therein on the 29th of February, 1849, since which period they have materially increased. The first-named establishment under the Government director, General Wilson, is said to have been commenced in 1800 on private account; the remainder were established in the years specified. This statement is derived from official sources, and we believe has never before been published: Whatever may be the eventual success of the protective system of Russia, certain it is that the importation of cotton and woolen manufactures is considerably checked. In 1842, Russia imported between 40,000 and 50,000 pieces of white cotton cambrics, besides coverlets, muslins, colored stuffs, gloves, &c., and in the tables before us these articles exhibit a blank for the years 1848 and 1849. The whole amount of cotton manufactures imported in 1848 was valued at £605,290, whereof £415,852 was was from Great Britain. Prussia sends about £108,000. The importation of woolen goods also declined. Baizes, camlets, carpets, cashmeres, flannels, and a variety of the best descriptions of woolen goods, of which, in 1844, Russia imported a considerable quantity, exhibit the same unsatisfactory blank in 1848 and 1849 as some of the cotton manufactures. The total imports of woolen goods declined from £619,475 in 1844 to £335,381 in 1848. A premium of five silver roubles per pood is paid on Russian velvets and half velvets exported to China, and six silver roubles on nankins and other cotton goods. The premiums allowed for these exports at the Kiakhta custom-house was 92,775 silver roubles in 1847, and 73,643 in 1848. At the Astrachan and Moscow custom-houses, on cotton goods exported to the Caucasian frontiers, a drawback of onehalf the duty paid on foreign cotton yarn is returned-viz., three silver roubles twentyfive copees per pood. This draw-back, allowed at Astrachan, was but 3,346 silver roubles in 1847, but increased to 12,969 in 1848. In Moscow it amounted to 19,890 silver roubles. The whole amount of premiums and drawbacks, inclusive of Kiakhta tea exported to Poland, the duty on which is returned, and the duty on tobacco of Russian manufacture, the excise duty on which is also returned when exported either by the frontiers or to the kingdom of Poland, amounted, in the whole empire of Russia, to only £27,969 sterling in 1847, and £26,095 in 1848. The following table exhibits the quantities of the principal articles of import entered for home consumption, in European Russia, in the years specified : The extent of the Russian inland trade, and the value of the imports and exports to and from the various countries in Asia, has been, up to this time, wholly unknown. We give the imports and exports in English sterling for the year 1848. Russia imported from Turkey, in Asia, to the value of £136,976, two-thirds of which consisted of woven cotton fabrics. From Persia the imports valued £626,805, two-thirds of which consisted of woven cotton, silk, and woolen fabrics. From the Kirghis Steppes the value of her imports was £229,792, nearly one half of which consisted of cattle. From Khiva the imports were £12,479, chiefly dye stuffs and raw cotton. From Bokhara the imports were £108,480, one-half of which consisted of cotton fabrics. From Taschkend the imports were £76,241; from Kokhan, £6,923; from China, £888,363; and from other countries, chiefly beyond the Caucasus, £66,889; being a total of imports from various countries in Asia of £2,133,048. The exports of Russia to these parts were, in 1848, as follow:-To Turkey, in Asia, £76,093; Persia, £103,780; Kirghis Steppes, £2388,041 Khiva, £6,346; Bokhara, £39,154; Taschkend, £38,704; Kokhan, £736; China, £865,848; total of exports to Asiatic countries, £1,368,703. The value, both of imports and exports, appears to average nearly the same amount, taken in a series of years. The following is a statement of the Russian imports and exports (exclusive of specie) from and to Poland and Finland, in the following years: Some idea may be formed of the quantity of business transacted at the great fair of Nijny Novgorod, if we give the results of the fair in the year 1849. The transactions in that year are stated to have been less satisfactory than those of 1848. The price of tea was 20 per cent higher, and injuriously affected the trade in other articles. Money was scarce, owing to the recent stagnation in the corn trade, and the payment for two-thirds of the aggregate purchases is said to have been deferred for periods of twelve, eighteen, and even twenty-four months. With these drawbacks, the total value of the domestic articles at the fair was £7,916,016 sterling. The following found a sale:-Raw materials, £1,917,940; provisions, £858,684, and domestic manufactures, £3,981,716; the total sales of domestic articles, amounting to £6,758,340, leaving £1,157,675 unsold. The total foreign articles at the fair amounted to £2,430,191, of which £493,955 worth of European raw materials, found a sale; and £204,888 of manufactures. Asiatic articles sold to the extent of £1,329,131; the total sales of foreign articles being £2,027,944, leaving £402,217 unsold. So that in fact the total value of both domestic and foreign articles at the fair, was no less than £10,346,207, of which £8,785,314 found buyers, and £1,559,893 remained unsold. The extreme market prices of fine wheat at Odessa were in the last quarter of 1848, 28s. to 30s. 5d. per quarter. In the quarter ending 31st December, 1849, the market prices were 27s. 4d. to 30s. 10d. per quarter; and the rates in the same period in 1850 were 27s. 4d. to 30s. per quarter. The rates of freight from Odessa to Great Britain per imperial quarter, ruled from 6s. 2d. to 13s. 11d. in the first part of 1848; the rates were lower in April and May, and higher in September. In the last quarter of 1849, they ruled from 6s. 8d. to 7s. 4d. per quarter, and in the same period in 1850, from 68. 2d. to 7s. 9d. per quarter. The average price of wheat at Riga was at the close of 1848, 41s. 8d. per quarter. About the same average in 1849, whilst in 1850, the average price declined to 37s. 1d. per quarter; barley, 18s. 4d. to 189. 9d. per quarter; and oats, 11s. 10d. to 12s. 3d. per quarter.-Eastern Counties Herald. STATISTICS OF THE PRESS OF THE UNITED STATES. The statistics of the newspaper press form an interesting feature in the returns of the seventh census. It appears that the whole number of newspapers and periodicals in the United States on the 1st day of June, 1850, amounted to 2,800. Of these, 2,494 were fully returned; 234 had all the facts excepting circulation given, and 72 are estimated for California, the territories, and for those that may have been omitted by the assistant marshals. From calculations made on the statistics returned, and estimated circulations where they have been omitted, it appears that the aggregate circulation of these 2,800 papers and periodicals is about 5,000,000; and that the entire number of copies printed annually in the United States, amounts to 422,600,000. The following table will show the number of daily, weekly, monthly, and other issues, with the aggregate circulation of each class:— Four hundred and twenty-four papers are issued in the New England States; 876 in the Middle States; 716 in the Southern States; and 784 in the Western States. The average circulation of papers in the United States is 1,785. There is one publication for every 7,161 free inhabitants in the United States and territories. DUTCH COMMERCE IN 1850. The finance department, at the Hague, has published the result of the Commerce and navigation of the Netherlands for the year ending 1850. The results are extremely favorable. The import and export trade shows an increase of 45,000,000fl. in the last four years. Imports, compared with 1849, are increased by 9,000,000fl., the exports by 13,000,000. The general imports of 1850 amounted to 284,415,276fl.; the general exports to 250,002,066fl.; the transit trade to 92,252,789fl. BRITISH TRADE AND SHIPPING. A return to the British House of Commons has just been printed, showing, from 1816 to 1850, the number of vessels and of tonnage at twelve principal ports, and of the exports and imports for each of the said ports. The declared value of British and Irish produce and manufactures exported from the port of DEBT AND FINANCES OF KENTUCKY, 1851-52. In the message of Governor Powell, of Kentucky, the following items concerning the financial condition of the State are given :— The actual and supposed receipts of the sinking fund, for the year ending January 1, 1852, are... The actual and estimated amount of disbursements for the same pe riod, are. ... The following is a statement of the public debt of this State : $592,416 47 615,025 31 $22,608 84 22,572 34 21,335 84 Of the school bonds, the sum of $1,259,270 01 bears 5 per cent interest, and the sum of $67,500, 6 per cent. To pay this debt the State has the following resources, if they could be applied to that purpose:-$939,000 stock in the Bank of Kentucky; $290,000 of stock in the Northern Bank of Kentucky; $40,600 of stock in the Bank of Louisville, and $150,000 of stock in the Southern Bank of Kentucky; to which may be added, $150,000 of stock in the Lexington and Frankfort Railroad, and $76,420 25 bonds on the Louisville and Frankfort Railroad Company; making, in all, the sum of $1,646,020 25. The State has, in addition, $2,694,239 93 stock in turnpike roads-supposed to be worth about twenty-five or thirty cents on the dollar-besides her investments in rivers, etc. STATE DEBT OF GEORGIA. The message of Governor Towns is calculated to deceive the people of Georgia in regard to the amount of the State debt. It estimates the debt at $1,424,722 22; but does not include in the estimate the liability of the State, on the account of the Central Bank. That liability, which will have to be met out of the treasury, is $371,000, and the assets of the bank are only estimated at $100,000-leaving a balance of $271,000. The Treasurer's report states the matter as follows: Due July 1st, 1853, at 6 per cent.... Aggregate actual debt.... $10,000 00 22,222 22 45,000 00 25,000 00 216,500 00 301,500 00 202,750 00 219,750 00 130,250 00 170,750 00 41,000 00 81,500 00 183,500 00 72,000 00 271,000 00 $1,995,722 22 The last item on account of the Central Bank, is not included in the Treasurer's report, but it is so clearly a liability of the State, that it ought to have been so reported. To the above must be added the sum of $168,542 18 for 4,200 tons of iron, purchased for the State road, without any authority by law, by the engineer, with executive approbation. This, claim, if assumed by the Legislature, will run up the State debt to $2,164,264 40-being nearly one million larger than stated in the message. THE DEBT AND FINANCES OF TENNESSEE. The Controller of Tennessee has recently made a report of the finances of the State, the substance of which is as follows: There has been paid into the State Treasury during the two years prior to the first Monday in October, 1851, from all sources, as well as upon warrants issued within that time...... And there has been paid out of the Treasury within that time, for all purposes...... Excess of receipts over disbursements for the two years.... Balance in the Treasury on the 1st Monday of October, 1849... Leaving in the Treasury on the 1st Monday of October, 1851.. $1,004,004 94 933,431 25 $70,573 69 152,198 11 $222,771 80 The receipts into the State Treasury have increased within the last two years from $790,695 38 to $1,004,004 94. The disbursements during the same time have increased from $862,436 66 to the sum of $933,481 25. Receipts over disbursements, $70,573 69. The public debt of Tennessee, according to previous statements published in the Merchants' Magazine, is now $3,352,856. |