MANUFACTURE OF COTTON GOODS IN THE UNITED STATES. A TABLE SHOWING THE CAPITAL INVESTED, THE BALES OF COTTON AND TONS OF COAL CONSUMED, THE NUMBER OF HANDS EMPLOYED, AND THEIR WAGES, IN THE MANUFACTURE OF COTTON GOODS IN THE UNITED STATES, TOGETHER WITH THE VALUE OF THE RAW MATERIAL AND THE ENTIRE PRODUCT. Total... 74,501,031 641,240 121,099 34,835,056 33,151 59,136 653,878 703,414 * Pounds of yarn. MANUFACTURE OF WOOLEN GOODS IN THE UNITED STATES. A TABLE SHOWING THE CAPITAL INVESTED, THE NUMBER OF POUNDS OF WOOL AND TONS OF COAL CONSUMED, THE NUMBER OF HANDS EMPLOYED, AND THEIR WAGES, IN THE MANUFACTURE OF WOOLEN GOODS IN THE UNITED STATES-TOGETHER WITH THE VALUE OF THE RAW MATERIAL AND THE ENTIRE PRODUCT. + Hats. Total... 28,118,650 70,862,829 46,370 25,755,988 22,678 16,574 489,039 210,901 Pounds of yarn. Blankets. MANUFACTURE OF PIG IRON IN THE UNITED STATES. A TABLE SHOWING THE CAPITAL INVESTED, THE NUMBER OF HANDS EMPLOYED, AND THEIR WAGES, AND THE QUANTITY AND KINDS OF FUEL USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF PIG IRON IN THE UNITED STATES-TOGETHER WITH THE VALUE OF THE RAW MATERIAL AND THE ENTIRE PRODUCTS. Tons Tons Tons of Bushets Capital pig old of mineral coke and invested. iron. metal. ore. coal. charcoal. 3,591 245 1,319 14,000 MANUFACTURE OF IRON CASTINGS IN THE UNITED STATES. A TABLE SHOWING THE CAPITAL INVESTED, THE TOTAL NUMBER OF HANDS EMPLOYED, AND THEIR WAGES, AND THE QUANTITY AND KINDS OF FUEL USED IN THE MANUFACTURE OF IRON CASTINGS IN THE UNITED STATES-TOGETHER WITH THE VALUE OF THE RAW MATERIAL AND THE ENTIRE PRODUCTS. Tons N. Hampshire .... Connecticnt. ..... 265,000 232,700 5,673 500 1,680 20,500 177,060 374 33 05 ... 5,764 27,700 371,710 290,720 2,279 274 1,066 198,400 160,603 381 28.27 ... 5,000 87,770 460,831 1,499,050 31,134 3,361 12,401 3,500 1,057,904 1,596 30 90 ... 32,074 2,235,635 Rhode Island 422,800 8,918 .... 4,670 4,000 258,267 800 29 63 8,558 119,500 728,705 580,800 11,396 337 7,592 30,600 351,369 942 7 27 02 8.00 11,210 70,000 New York... 4,622,482 108,945 3,212 22,755 New Jersey. 593,250 10,666 350 5,444 175,800 301,048 803 27 48 24.09 ... 104,588 981,400 10,259 686,430 Pennsylvania \Virginia... 3,422,924 69,501 819 49,228 276,855 2,372,467 4,782 1 27 55 6 00 57,810 661,160 5,354,881 373,500 4,440 4,967 153,852 250 23.36 ... 3,630 55,000 267,462 359,100 7,220 5,000 30,000 259,190 761 27.50 6,244 80,000 471,160 7,114 205 7,878 71,600 297,014 810 9 1991 9.44 5,577 N'th Carolina 11,500 192 .... 6,375 8,341 15 23 46 ... 172 S'th Carolina. 185,700 169 2,800 .... 405,560 29,128 153 2 13 59 4 00 1,286 100 9,800 11,950 39 27 43 415 685,000 674,416 12,867 87,683 46,200 Alabama. 216,625 2,348 .... 31,300 102,085 212 30.05 ... 1,915 271,126 Mississippi... 100,000 1,197 248 92,000 50,370 112 37.91 924 2,800 117,400 Louisiana.. 255,000 1,660 3,205 75,300 347 35 60 1,570 4,000 312.500 Texas 16,000 250 250 8,400 35 43 43 200 15,000 55,000 Tennessee. 139,500 1,682 5,050 24,690 13,200 90,035 261 8 17 96 450 3,384 294,325 Kentucky 502,200 9,731 2,649 432,750 295,533 558 21 24.89 4 15 5,888 744,316 Indiana. 82,900 1,968 132 29,600 66,918 143 25 74 1,757 149,430 Illinois 260,400 4,818 50 1,412 12,500 172,330 332 28.50 4,160 89,250 441,185 Missouri.. 187,000 5,100 200 2,598 133,114 297 Iowa.. 5,500 81 200 2,524 17 71 2,600 8,500 Wisconsin... 116,350 1,371 15 595 2,700 86,930 228 26 73 1,342 64,125 216,195 California.... 5,000 75 25 ..... Dist. of Col.. 14,000 545 80 20,740 27 27 05 512 11,000 Total..... 41,696 17,416,361 345,553 11,416 9,850 190,891 2,413,750 10,346,353 23,541 48 322,745 1,524,121 25,108,155 BREAD BAKED BY STEAM IN ENGLAND. Thr Plymouth (English) papers contain an account of a new method of baking bread, which is in operation at Stonehouse, under the patent of Mr. Lee. The bread is pronounced to be excellent, and superior to that baked on the old principle. A description of the process will not be found uninteresting. When the loaves are moulded, they are placed on carriages aud conveyed on railways into the ovens—which are made of cast iron, and placed one above another. The doors being closed, the steam is then "turned on" from the boiler, and passing through a singularly formed coil of pipes, heated to a high degree in a furnace of remarkable construction, is, by opening the valves, admitted to the ovens. The baking process, from the time of running in the carriages to drawing them out again, occupying from half an hour to an hour and a half, according as the loaves vary in size. There are perforated pipes placed at equal distances inside the ovens, by which means all parts are alike heated. The heat is kept within determinate thermometric limits by the adjustment of the valves, and the degree ascertained by an indicator, the "bulb" being scarcely thicker than a cobweb, yet ranging from 120 to 800 Far. STATISTICS OF POPULATION, &c. CENSUS STATISTICS OF THE UNITED STATES. We publish below all the more important parts of Mr. Kennedy's full and able report just made to Congress, through the Secretary of the Interior. These statements and statistics, it will be seen relate chiefly to population of the United States. Under the appropriate head, in another part of the Merchants' Magazine, the reader will find a variety of statistics relating to the manufactures of the several States: The seventh enumeration of the inhabitants of the United States exhibits results which every citizen of the country may contemplate with gratification and pride. Since the census of 1840 there have been added to the territory of the republic, by annexation, conquest, and purchase, 824,969 square miles, and our title to a region covering 341.463 square miles, which before properly belonged to us, but was claimed and partially occupied by a foreign power, has been established by negotiation, and it has been brought within our acknowledged boundaries. By such means the area of the United States has extended during the past ten years from 2,055,163 to 3,221,595 square miles, without including the great lakes which lie upon our northern border, or the bays which indentate our Atlantic and Pacific shores. All which has come within the scope of the seventh census. In the endeavor to ascertain the progress of our population since 1840, it will be proper to deduct from the aggregate number of inhabitants shown by the present census, the population of Texas in 1840, and the numbers embraced within the limits of California and the new territories at the time of their acquisition. From the best information which has come to hand, it is believed that Texas contained in 1840, 75,000 inhabitants, and that when California, New Mexico, and Oregon came into our possession in 1846, they had a population of 97,000. It thus appears that we have received by additions of territory, since 1840, an accession of 172,000 to the numbers of our people. The increase which has taken place in those extended regions, since they came under the authority of our government, should obviously be reckoned as a part of the development and progress of our population. Nor is it necessary to complicate the comparison by taking into account the probable natural increase of this acquired population, because we have not the means of determining the rate of its advancement, nor the law which governed its progress while yet beyond the influence of our political system. The year 1840, rather than the date of the annexation of Texas, has been taken for estimating the population, in connection with that of the Union, because it may be safely assumed that, whatever the increase during the five intervening years may have been, it was mainly, if not altogether, derived from the United States. Owing to delays and difficulties mentioned in completing the work, which no action on the part of this office could obviate, some of the returns from California have not |