The Distributional Effects of Indirect Taxes: Models and Applications from New ZealandThis book develops a number of analytical models and presents empirical analyses of the equity and efficiency effects of existing indirect taxes from New Zealand. Potential tax reforms including environmental taxes are also examined and the methods presen |
Contents
IV | 1 |
V | 5 |
VI | 7 |
VII | 11 |
VIII | 13 |
IX | 17 |
X | 20 |
XI | 22 |
L | 136 |
LI | 139 |
LII | 141 |
LIV | 142 |
LV | 143 |
LVI | 144 |
LVII | 145 |
LVIII | 146 |
XII | 28 |
XIV | 29 |
XV | 38 |
XVI | 39 |
XVII | 42 |
XVIII | 45 |
XIX | 47 |
XX | 50 |
XXI | 51 |
XXII | 53 |
XXIV | 55 |
XXV | 60 |
XXVI | 69 |
XXVII | 70 |
XXVIII | 73 |
XXIX | 74 |
XXX | 75 |
XXXI | 77 |
XXXII | 83 |
XXXIII | 86 |
XXXIV | 88 |
XXXVI | 89 |
XXXVII | 92 |
XXXVIII | 95 |
XXXIX | 96 |
XLI | 106 |
XLIII | 111 |
XLIV | 122 |
XLV | 125 |
XLVI | 126 |
XLVII | 127 |
XLVIII | 129 |
XLIX | 133 |
LIX | 151 |
LX | 152 |
LXII | 154 |
LXIII | 155 |
LXIV | 156 |
LXV | 157 |
LXVI | 158 |
LXVII | 160 |
LXVIII | 163 |
LXIX | 164 |
LXX | 170 |
LXXI | 173 |
LXXII | 179 |
LXXIII | 184 |
LXXIV | 194 |
LXXV | 197 |
LXXVI | 200 |
LXXVIII | 203 |
LXXIX | 206 |
LXXX | 210 |
LXXXIII | 213 |
LXXXIV | 214 |
LXXXV | 216 |
LXXXVI | 217 |
LXXXVII | 220 |
XC | 221 |
XCI | 226 |
XCII | 230 |
XCIV | 236 |
XCV | 240 |
XCVI | 250 |
Common terms and phrases
11 Adult 14 3 Adults ad valorem tax Adult Couple adult equivalence scale aggregate alcohol and tobacco arising arithmetic mean attached to children budget share carbon dioxide emissions carbon intensity carbon tax cent changes in final chapter Child Children 600 commodity groups compensating variation constraint consumption tax Creedy demographic groups distribution Economic equation equivalent adult equivalent income equivalent variation estimates EV/m examined Figure final demand fuel Hence household types income tax increase indifference curve indirect taxes individual industry inequality and poverty inequality aversion inequality measures money metric non-smoking household groups overall P₁ petrol excise tax poverty line poverty measures price changes Product Manufacturing proportional reduction in carbon reforms regressive reranking Single Adult subsection Table tax change tax paid tax revenue elasticities tax structure tax system tax-exclusive tax-inclusive tax-progressivity tobacco excise taxes total expenditure levels unit of analysis Welfare Changes welfare-progressivity Zealand Zealand Treasury