instructions of this eminently good man, is sufficiently attested by the excellence of his pupils; among whom might be mentioned two of the most valuable ministers of the present day; while his worth as a Christian and a minister has by one of them been exhibited to the world, in a memoir so well known, as to leave us little occasion to attempt any addition to his praise'. He died in January, 1808.

The same liberal friend to religion founded an academy for the South of England, by placing students under David Bogue, at Gosport. This seminary was opened in the year 1789. The course of studies occupies three years, and the funds provided by Mr. Welch were for the support of three students, but the subscriptions of other individuals increased the noinber. On the death of its founder, it appeared that he had made no provision for the continuance of the academies which he had established, but the liberality of several friends supported the seminary at Gosport, till the year 1800; when Mr. Robert Haldane, of Edinburgh, was the means of adding ten more students to the original number. He offered for this purpose a hundred pounds annually for three years, on condition that the friends of religion in Hampshire would contribute the remaining sum requisite for the education of ten additional young men. This was accepted, and at the termination of their studies, the county association, aided by friends in other parts of England, became the patron of the academy, which they continue on a smaller scale to the present time. The missionary society, 1800, having resolved to prepare thefr missionaries for their future

i Memoirs of the Rev. Cornelius Winter, by the Rev. W, Jay, of Bath,

labours, by a course of instruction, placed them under Mr. Bogue, who now gives to one class lectures suited to form them for foreign missions, and to another education for the ministry at home. The latter class, according to the wish of the original founder of the seminary, attend principally to theology. Of the three years to which the course of instruction is limited, the two first are occupied with lectures on the principles of Christianity, and the last with lectures on the sacred books. During the whole time Latin, Greek, and Hebrew are studied, and instructions are given in geography and astronomy, on language and composition, on Jewish antiquities, ecclesiastical history, and the pastoral office. Two French students have been educated at this academy, and six more, who are the fruit of their labours, are now preparing to preach the Gospel in French.

Warrington, in Lancashire is well known as the former seat of an academy, which may be said to have been established in 1757. Previously to that period however, some respectable ministers had been educated in this town, under Dr. Charles Owen, among whom are mentioned the celebrated Hugh Farmer, of Walthamstow and Job Orton. But the first tutors of the academy, which was established at Warrington in this period, were Dr. Taylor, of Norwich, Dr. Aikin, of Kibworth, and John Hiot, of Lancaster. This was a mighty triumvirate, but some differences among its members, on the important subject of precedence and authority in the institution, as well as a serious dispute on a question of morals, kindled a flame which endangered the existence of the academy at its very commencement. Dr. Taylor, who had purchased the honour of his appointment at the ex

pense of his peace, was so much wounded by some reflections, that he had determined to relinquish the chair, when he was called away by death, in March, 1761, at the age of sixty-six. His Hebrew Concordance will secure his reputation for learning and diligence, and may remind the student of the rare phenomenon of a Hebrew scholar, who abandoned the doctrine of Christ's deity and atonement, for the cheerless system of Socinus. His publications in defence of the Racovian theology were opposed by Dr. Watts and Dr. Jennings, but most powerfully by president Edwards. It was unfortunate for the credit of Dr. Taylor, as an able theologian or acute logician, that he fell into the hands of the latter, where he looks little and feeble almost to contempt. Dr. Priestley also concurs in forming, though for very different reasons, a mean estimate of Dr. Taylor's polemical powers*.

John Seddon supplied Dr. Taylor's place as resident classical tutor at the academy, till death removed him in 1769. He was equally distinguished for talents and for departure from the principles of the first dissenters; for he was zealous not only for heterodoxy, but for the introduction of a liturgy into the dissenting worship.

Dr. Aikin first taught the languages in this academy and afterwards held the chair of theology and moral philosophy, till the year 1780, when he died. His talents, acquirements, and morals were eminent; but he is perhaps more celebrated as the father of an eminent physician and writer, and of Mrs. Barbauld, who is equally distinguished in verse and prose. Dr. Joseph Priestley was invited, in 1761, to suc k His Memoirs, p. 33.

ceed Dr. Aikin as classical tutor. Uniting to the duties of this office lectures on general grammar, logic, and elocution, with instructions in Hebrew, he continued in the academic chair for six years. Dr. Reinhold Forster, who afterwards accompanied captain Cook on his second voyage, as naturalist, was for a short time a tutor in this seminary. But Dr. William Enfield held the office of superintendent and classical tutor here, from the year 1770 till the academy was dissolved in 1783. Two years after this event, he removed to Norwich, where he finished his course Nov. 3, 1797, in his fifty-third year. He was born at Sudbury, and educated under Dr. Ashworth. He took, in 1763, the charge of a congregation in Liverpool, where he published two volumes of sermons, which were well received. He was a very superior scholar, though not a man of genius, and is well known to the public as author of several compilations, particularly the "Speaker," and the "Abridgment of Brucker's History of Philosophy." In conjunction with Dr. Aikin, and other literary men, he compiled the general biographical dictionary, a work of so much merit, as every one must wish to see completed.

The dissolution of the academy at Warrington, was a fatal blow to the wide dissenters, of whom it was the pride and boast. Its tutors were, indeed, worthy to be entrusted with the education of youth, if talents and learning and respectable character were all the qualifications required in a tutor; but those who wish to hear ministers declare with the apostle, "I am determined to know nothing among you but Jesus Christ and him crucified," will not regret to see such tutors quit the academic chair.

As those dissenters who had departed from the ancient faith of the nonconformists were now destitute of a seminary for the education of ministers, on their own principles, they established one at Manchester, in the year 1786, over which Dr. Thomas Barnes, minister of the presbyterian congregation in that town was called to preside. To this institution the library and philosophical apparatus of Warrington academy were transferred. Mr. Ralph Harrison, Dr. Barnes's assistant in the pastoral care, was also his colleague in the duties of the seminary. But the same cause which contributed to the dissolution of the former institution occasioned the removal of the academy from Manchester; for Dr. Barnes, finding himself unable to maintain proper discipline, resigned the chair in 1798, after having filled it with much reputation. He was born at Warrington, and educated there under Dr. Aikin and Dr. Priestley. Leaving the academy in 1768, he took the charge of a congregation at Cockey Moor, near Bolton, where he is said to have seen his flock doubled in twelve years. He removed to Manchester in 1780, and two years after established an evening lecture, to which his popular talents drew crowds of genteel hearers. His diploma of D. D. he received from Edinburgh in 1784. To him belongs the honour of having been one of the first promoters of the Manchester literary and philosophical society, of the academy over which he presided, and of the auxiliary bible society. He died deeply regretted by his friends, in 1810, in the sixty-fourth year of his age, and the forty-second of his ministry. Dr. Barnes, who had been professor of theology, metaphysics, ethics, and Hebrew, was succeeded, in September, 1798, by George Walker, of