The Pictorial Field-book of the Revolution ; Or, Illustrations, by Pen and Pencil, of the History, Biography, Scenery, Relics, and Traditions of the War for Independence

-Peekskill-Situation of the Village-The Birdsall House-
An Octogenarian-Oak Hill-Van Cortlandt Mansion-Philip
Van Cortlandt-Paulding's Monument, and St. Peter's Church
Gallows Hill-Execution Place of a Spy-Putnam's laconic

Letter View from Gallows Hill-Relative importance of

Peekskill Stratagem of Sir William Howe-Invasion of

Peekskill-Destruction of Stores-Destruction of Continental

Village-Peekskill possessed by the Americans-The Sol-

dier's Spring-Verplanck's Point--Hudson and the Indians—

Fortifications at Verplanck's Point-Capture of Fort Fayette

-Surrender of the Garrison-Disposition of the American

Troops on the Hudson-Preparations for attacking Stony

Point-The Negro Spy-Condition of Stony Point-Wayne's

Proposition to storm it-Biography of Wayne-His Monu-

ment-Approach of the Americans to Stony Point-Capture

of Sentinels-Storming of the Fort-Wayne wounded-His

Bravery-Surrender of the Fort-Wayne's laconic Dispatch

-Fort Fayette cannonaded-Relieved by Sir Henry Clinton

-Galley with Ordnance sunk at Caldwell's-Medal awarded

Fleury-Promised Rewards for the bravest Men-Division

of the Spoils among the Troops-Medal awarded to Major

Stewart

.Page 157-182

CHAPTER VIII.

King's Ferry-Jolly old Waterman-Stony Point-Evening

walk toward Haverstraw-" God's Acre"-Benson's Tavern

-Interview with a Builder of Stony Point Fort-View from

Smith's House-Ancient black Walnut-tree-Tarrytown-

Cow-boys and Skinners - Neutral Ground - Place where

Andrè was captured-Journey of Andrè and Smith to Crom-

pond-Vigilance of Captain Boyd - Andrè's Uneasiness

Volunteer Expedition against the Cow-boys-Arrest of Andrè

-Discovery of Papers in his Stockings-Deposition of David

Williams-Strange Conduct of Colonel Jameson-His Letter

to Arnold-Better Judgment of Colonel Tallmadge-Major

Andrè at Sheldon's Head-quarters-Andrè's Letter to Wash-

ington-Taken to West Point, thence to Tappan-His Dis-

closures to Tallmadge-His Case and Hale's compared-

Bridge over Sleepy Hollow Creek-Ichabod Crane and the

Headless Horseman-Castle Philipse-Tarrytown Cemetery

-Greenburgh, on the Nepera-Van Wart's Monument-

View of Sunnyside, the Residence of Washington Irving, the

ancient" Wolfert's Roost"-Jacob Van Tassel-The "Roost"

a Castle-Its Garrison-Attack upon and Defense of "the

Roost"-Dobb's Ferry-Old Fort at Dobb's Ferry-The Liv-

ingston Mansion-Rendezvous of the British--The Palisades

-Tappan-Massacre of Baylor's Corps at Tappan-The "76

Stone House," where Andrè was confined-Washington's

Head-quarters-Court of Inquiry in Andrè's Case-The Pris-

oner's Conduct-Names of those who composed the Court

--Judge Laurance-Washington's Approval of the Decision

of the Court-Memoir of Andrè-Honora Sneyd―Mr. Edge-

worth-Miss Seward-Andre's Death-warrant - His Will-

Disposition of his Remains-His Monument-Equity of his

Sentence-Efforts to save him-Embassy of Colonel Ogden

-Washington vilified-Proposition to Exchange Andrè for

Arnold declined-A Deputation from the British General—

Result of the Efforts to save Andrè-His Letter to Washing-

ton, asking to be shot-Willis's Paraphrase-Andrè's com-

posure of Mind-Pen-and-ink Sketch of himselfName of

his Executioner-Dr. Thacher's Account of his Execution-

Feelings of the Spectators-The Place of his Death and

Burial-The Captors of Andrè rewarded-Disinterment of

his Remains-Honored by the Duke of York-Desire to se-

cure Arnold-A Plan to abduct him-Its Execution commit-

ted to Major Henry Lee-Sergeant Champe-His Sense of

Honor-Consents to attempt the Abduction of Arnold-His

Desertion favored by Lee-Pursuit of Champe-His Skill in

eluding his Pursuers-Escapes to a British Galley-Sir Henry

Clinton deceived-Champe sent to Arnold-Joins his Legion

-Preparations for carrying off the Traitor-Champe foiled

-Taken by Arnold to Virginia-Escapes, and rejoins his Le-

gion in the Carolinas-Ramapo Valley and Village-Mr. Pier-

son-Movements of the two Armies in 1777-Washington's

Perplexities-March of the American Army toward the High-

lands-Howe's Destination determined-The Clove - The

Ramapo Pass-March of the allied Armies to Virginia —

Clinton deceived by Washington's Letters-The “ Hopper

House" -- Patriotism of the Owner - Interesting Relics-

Burr's Head-quarters-Burr at Suffern's-Confusion of the

Militia-Night Attack upon the British Pickets near Hacken-

..183-214

sack

CHAPTER IX.

Departure for the South-Mode of Traveling-Characteristics

of the Journey-Interesting Associations-Perth Amboy-

Its original Settlement and Prospects-Governor William

Franklin-Dunlap's Recollections of military Affairs at Perth

Amboy Journey to Crosswicks-Missionary Operations

there- The Friends' Meeting house- Mrs. Idell-Borden-

town-Revolutionary Events there-Joseph Bonaparte--

General Dickinson --Trenton - M'Conkey's Ferry, where

Washington crossed the Delaware-Long Bridge-Capture

of Forts Washington and Lee-Retreat of the Americans.

across New Jersey-Decrease of the Army-Tardy Move-

ments of General Lee-His Capture-Longevity of the Cap-

tor's Horse-Biography of Lee-His Division commanded by

Sullivan - The Delaware between Washington and Corn-

wallis-Weakness of the American Army-Gloomy Aspect

of Affairs-Putnam in Command at Philadelphia-Reorgan-

ization of the Army-Adjournment of Congress to Baltimore

-The Quakers-Howe's Plans-Injudicious Disposition of

the British Troops-Augmentation of Washington's Forces

Successful Diversion by Putnam in favor of Washington

-The American Army cross the Delaware on Christmas

Night-The Battle in Trenton-Colonel Rall mortally wound-

ed-Capture of the Hessians-Complete Victory of the Amer-

icans Washington's Visit to the dying Rall-Parole of Hon-

or signed by the Hessian Officers-Colonel Rall's fatal Ca-

rousal Names and Signatures of the Hessian Officers at-

tached to the Parole-Retreat of the Enemy from Borden-

town-Their Line of Posts broken up-Good effect of the

Victory at Trenton-Washington made a military Dictator-

He recrosses the Delaware to occupy Trenton-Efficient Aid

by Robert Morris-Approach of Cornwallis toward Trenton

-Battles at Trenton Bridge and the Ford-The Americans

in Peril Cornwallis out-generaled-March of the Ameri-

cans toward Princeton-Their Approach discovered by the

Enemy-First Skirmish near Princeton-Effect of British.

Bayonets-Dispersion of the Americans-Washington on the

Field-General Mercer mortally wounded by Bayonets-His

Bravery till the Last-Place of his Death-View of the Bat-

tle-ground-Loss of the Americans-Death of General Mer-

cer-His Monument-Skirmish near Nassau Hall in Prince-

ton-Destruction of the King's Portrait in Nassau Hall-

Prisoners taken-Skirmish at Worth's Mills-Cornwallis at

Princeton-Disappointment of the Enemy-The Loss sus-

tained-Washington's Pursuit-Fatigue of the Americans—

Capture of British Baggage-wagons- Evacuation of New

Jersey by the British-Estimate of Washington's Character

in Europe-Appointment of general Officers for the Conti-

nental Army-Its Reorganization-Visit to the Princeton

Battle-ground-Morven, Stockton's Estate-Desolated by the

British-Sufferings and Death of the Owner-Annis Stock-

ton-Nassau Hall-Governor Belcher's Donation - Ritten-

house's Planetarium Life of its Inventor - Portraits of

Washington and Mercer by Peale-Character of the College

of New Jersey-White Hall--The Floral Arch in Honor of

Washington-His triumphal Journey - His Reception by

the Ladies at Trenton-Interest of the Scene-Washing.

ton's Note to the Ladies-Reflections-Grave of Mr. Arm-

strong..

..Page 215-246

CHAPTER X.

Departure from Trenton-Buck's County-St. Tammany-Old

Villages-Frankford-Its revolutionary Events-Kensington

-Arrival in Philadelphia-Christ Church and its Sounding-

board-The Grave of Dr. Franklin and others-His early-

written Epitaph-Description of Christ Church-The Natives

on the Delaware and Schuylkill-The Delawares - Their

Character portrayed by William Penn-First Settlements on

the Delaware by the Dutch and Swedes-Troubles with the

Indians-Gustavus Adolphus-Extension of Swedish Settle-

ments-Opposition of the Dutch-Stuyvesant's Conquests-

Charter granted to William Penn-Emigrations-Arrival of

Penn-His Biography-Annexation of Delaware-Penn's

just Dealings with the Natives-Effect of his Justice-Treaty

Monument-Character and Influence of the Quakers-Found-

ing of the Pennsylvania Commonwealth, and the City of Phil-

adelphia-Secession of Delaware- Penn's Difficulties-His

liberal Concessions-Pennsylvania Charter-Penn's Heirs-

His Successors hostile to the Indians - Popular Feeling

against the Proprietaries-Dr. Franklin-The Stamp Act-

Spirit of the People-Party Rancor-Franklin lampooned-

William Bradford-The Pennsylvania Journal-Repeal of

the Stamp Act-Rejoicings-Dickenson's Letters-Firmness

of Pennsylvania-Tea Ships-Destruction of Tea at Green-

wich-Revolutionary Movements-Members of Assembly in-

structed-Quakers opposed to the Revolution-"Testimony"

of their yearly Meeting in 1775-James Pemberton and others

sent to Virginia- Arrest and removal of Governor Penn

and Chief-justice Chew-Execution of Roberts and Carlisle

-Justice of their Punishment-Desecration of Carpenters'

Hall-Congress Hall-Prevalence of a Desire for Union-

-First Movements toward a general Congress--Election of

Delegates-Names of the Representatives of each Colony--

Character of the first Continental Congress-Its Organiza-

tion-Peyton Randolph-Charles Thomson-Opening of the

first Continental Congress-Patrick Henry-The first Prayer

in Congress-Sessions with closed Doors-Sympathy with

Massachusetts--Declaration of Rights--" American Associa-

tions"-Mr. Duché--State Papers issued by Congress-De-

bates-Diversity of Opinion-Dartmouth's Circular--Joseph

Galloway-Opinions concerning the Adamses -- Sketch of

Galloway's public Life-Disposition of his Estate....247-270

CHAPTER XI.

The State House--Independence Hall--Hancock's Chair-Por-

traits of Penn and La Fayette-Picture of the Treaty Tree-

Statue of Washington - Liberty Bell-Its History -- Inde-

pendence not early nor generally desired, except by a Few-

Patrick Henry's Prediction--Testimony of Washington and

others concerning the Loyalty of the Colonies-Paine's Com-

mon Sense-First public Movements favorable to Independ-

ence-Paine's Crisis--The Ministry order it to be burned--

The Result-Timidity in the State Legislatures--State Gov-

-Absence of R. H. Lee--Jefferson's Draft of the Declaration

-Reasons why he was chosen to write it-Original Draft of

the Declaration of Independence, and Amendments-The

Debaters-Action of the several Colonies on the Subject of

Independence--Adoption of the Declaration-The Declara-
tion of Independence as adopted-Ringing of the Liberty Bell
-Signers of the Declaration-Its Reception in New York
and elsewhere-The Principles of the Declaration, and their
Effects Opinions of Raynal, Mirabeau, and Napoleon-Or-
ganization of State Governments-Adjournal of Congress to
Baltimore-Trip to Red Bank-Fort Mercer-Donop's Grave
-Whitall's House-De Chastellux's Visit there-Anecdote
of Mrs. Whitall-Old Cannon- Distant View of Fort Mifflin
-Military Works on the Delaware Obstructions in the
River-Their Removal by the British-Capture of Billings-
port-The American Fleet in the Delaware-Hessian Expe-
dition against Fort Mercer-Storming of the Fort-Repulse
of the Hessians at Red Bank-Count Donop-Lieutenant-
colonel Greene-Monument at Red Bank-Attack on Fort
Mifflin-American Flotilla-Lieutenant-colonel Smith-Suc-
cessful Defense of Fort Mifflin-Preparations for another At-
tack-Plan of the Fort-Washington's Efforts to re-enforce
his Army-Conduct of Gates and Putnam-Second Attack
of Fort Mifflin-Gallant Defense of the Fort- Destructive
Effects of Cannons and Bombs-Plan of Operations on the
Delaware Retreat of the Garrison - Destruction of the
Fort Movements in New Jersey Fort Mercer aban-
doned..
. Page 270-299

CHAPTER XII.

The

Ancient Philadelphia-The "Slate-roof House" and its Associa-

tions-Loxley's House-Mrs. Darrah and the British Adjutant

General Information sent to Washington's Camp by Mrs.

Darrah-Disappointment of the British-Swedes' Church-

Wharton's Mansion-house-The Mischianza--Immorality of

the Army-Major Andrè's Description of the Mischianza-

Philadelphia Provost Prison - Cunningham - Washington

Square Office of the Secretary of Foreign Affairs.

Secretary's Aids-British Fortifications in Philadelphia-The

British Encampment - Personal Appearance of the British

Officers-Loss of the Delaware Frigate-Torpedoes sent

down the River from Bordentown-"Battle of the Kegs"-

Alarm during the Mischianza Fête-Boldness of Americans

-Interesting Places near Philadelphia - Patriotism of the

Philadelphia Women-Mrs. Reed and Mrs. Bache-De Chas-

tellux's Visit to Mrs. Bache-Contributions of Clothing for

the Soldiers-Germantown-James Logan-Speech of Lo-

gan the Indian Chief-Officers of Government at German-
town-Chew's House-Destructive Effects of War-Benja-
min Chew-Maneuvers of the two Armies on the Schuylkill
---The British Army at Germantown-Preparations to attack
it-Approach of the Americans to Germantown-Attack on
the British Pickets-Chew's House a Defense-Remissness
of the Militia-Victory lost to the Americans-Battle of Ger-
mantown-The Americans, deceived, abandon the Field-
Washington's Chagrin - The Loss-Letter of General Ag-
new's Servant to the Lady of that Officer concerning his
Death-American Officers killed-Washington and his Offi-
cers honored-General Stephen-Washington's Head-quar-
ters at Whitemarsh - Skirmish there-American Encamp-
ment-Retreat of the British to Philadelphia-Departure of
the Americans from Whitemarsh-Barren Hill-La Fayette
-His first Impulses favorable to the Americans-His Liberal-
ity-Visit to England - Attempts to leave France-Sketch
of his Career-Sword presented to him by Congress-Mem-
oir of him-Pictorial Devices on his Sword-His arrival in
America-Biography continued-His Burial-place-Applies
to Congress-His Appointment-Interview with Washington
-Attached to the Army-La Fayette on Barren Hill-Maneu-
vers of the two Armies-The British deceived-Retreat of
La Fayette across the Schuylkill to Valley Forge-Generals
Poor and Woedtke-Iron Ore near the Schuylkill-Consho-
hocken-Its Industry-Morristown-Swedes' Ford..299-330
CHAPTER XIII.

Approach to Valley Forge-"King of Prussia Tavern"-Village

of Valley Forge Washington's Head quarters - The old

Flour-mill and its Associations-Hamilton and Lee-View

from Rogers's Observatory-Camp at Valley Forge-Re-

ligious Services-Preparation of Huts- Disposition of the

American Army at Valley Forge-The Huts and their Occu-

pants-Condition of the Army-Great Sufferings-Number

of Soldiers in Camp-Toryism displayed-Hopefulness of

Washington--Conspiracy to deprive him of the chief Com-

mand-Persons named as Malcontents-Forged Letters-

Thomas Conway-Character of the Congress of 1778-Pre-

tensions of Gates and Lee-Anonymous Letters-Conway's

Letter to Gates-Quarrel between Gates and Wilkinson-

Board of War-Expedition against Canada proposed - La

Fayette appointed to the Command-Grossly deceived-Dis-

claimers of Gates and Mifflin-Opinion of Dr. Gordon-Con-

way's Resignation-Duel, and repentant Letter to Washing-

ton-Baron De Steuben-His Arrival in America, and Ap-

pointment as Inspector General - Biographical Sketch of

Steuben-His Aids and his Monuments-Washington's Ef

forts in behalf of his Soldiers-Hostile Parties sent out from

Philadelphia --The Queen's Rangers -Advertisement for

Recruits-Expedition against Militia Posts in New Jersey-

Skirmish at Quintan's Bridge, on Alloway's Creek-Expedi-

tion to Hancock's Bridge-Perils of the March-Massacre at

Hancock's House-Death of the Owner-Return of the Ma-
rauders to Philadelphia-Light from Europe-Alliance with
France-Rejoicings at Valley Forge-Lord North's Concilia-
tory Bills-Appointment of Commissioners-Chatham's Op-
position to American Independence-His sudden Illness and
Death-Copley's Picture of the Scene- His Funeral and
Monument-North's conciliatory Propositions rejected-Ar-
rival of Commissioners-Governor Tryon-Letter of Com-
missioners to Congress-Action of Congress concerning them,
and their Mission-Mrs. Græme-Attempt to bribe General
Reed-Mrs. Græme's part in the Affair--Memoir of General
Reed-Sir Henry Clinton Commander-in-chief- Condition
of the American Army-Exchange of General Lee-Oaths
of Allegiance-Evacuation of Philadelphia by the British-
Pursuit by the Americans - The British harassed in New
Jersey-Extent of the British Line-Washington's Determ-
ination to Fight-Preparations of both Armies for Battle-
British Camp near Monmouth Court-house Their Move-
ment toward Sandy Hook-Lee ordered to attack the British
--Approach of the American advanced Corps-Conflicting
Intelligence-Preparation for Battle-Plan of Action-The
British attacked by Wayne - Oswald's Artillery - Wayne
checked by Lee-Strange Conduct of Lee-His Orders mis-
understood-Retreat of two Brigades-A general Retreat or-
dered by Lee-General Maxwell-Forward Movement of the
Division under Washington-Meeting of Washington and
Lee-Harsh Words between them-The pursuing Britons

checked-Courage and Skill of Washington-Lee's Conduct,

Trial, and Sentence-The fiercest of the Battle-Picture by

Mr. Custis-Captain Molly-Gallant Conduct of Lee-Form-

ing of the second Line-View of the Battle-ground-Advance

of Grenadiers under Monckton-His Death-Close of the

Day and the Battle-Retreat of Sir Henry Clinton-Charac-

ter of the Monmouth Battle-Clinton's official Dispatch criti-

cised-The Loss-Sufferings of the Soldiers-Visit to the

Battle-ground-Woodhull's Monument-William and Gilbert

Tennent-Inscription upon Woodhull's Monument-Capture

and Execution of Captain Huddy-Case of Captain Asgill-

Remarkable Case of William Tennent-His own Descrip-

tion of his Feelings-Loss of his Papers The Pine Rob.

bers..
Page 330-368

CHAPTER XIV.

Departure from Valley Forge-The Paoli Tavern-Place where
Americans were massacred-Wayne's Encampment, near
Paoli-British attack upon his Detachment-The Massacre--
Chaplain David Jones-His Address to the Troops at Ticon-
deroga-The Paoli Monument-The Inscriptions upon it-
The Dead of Paoli-Journey to West Chester-Departure
for the Brandywine Battle ground-Jefferis's Ford-Sconnel
Town, Osborne's Hill, and Birmingham Meeting-house —
Landing of the British at the Head of Elk-Washington's
Preparations to meet them-March of Americans from Phila-
delphia-Encampment on Red Clay Neck-Howe's Procla-
mation-Retreat of the Americans across the Brandywine-
Approach of the British to the Brandywine-The Fords of
that Stream-Plan of the Battle-Position of the American
Army on the Brandywine-Movement of the British-Locali-
ties of the Battle-ground-Skirmishing on the March toward
the Brandywine-Engagement near Chad's Ford-Skirmish-
ing on the Brandywine-Sullivan deceived by conflicting In-
telligence-Washington's Suspense-Passage of the Brandy-
wine by the British Army-Forming of the Lines for Battle
--Conduct of Deborre-Commencement of the Battle-Skill
and Courage of the Belligerents-Effects of the British Ar-
tillery-Retreat of the Americans-March of Greene to their
Support-La Fayette wounded- The British checked by
Greene-Knyphausen preparing to cross the Brandywine
General Muhlenberg-Passage of the Brandywine by Knyp.
hausen-Bravery of Wayne-General Retreat of the Ameri-
cans-Result of the Battle-Washington again made Dicta-