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DOUBLE RULE OF THREE

THIS Rule teaches to resolve at once such questions as require two or more statings in simple proportion, whether direct or inverse.

In this rule there are always five terms given to find a sixth; the three first terms of which are a supposition, the two last a demand.

RULE.

In stating the question, place the terms of the supposition so that the principal cause of loss, gain or action possess the first place; that which signifies time, distance of place, &c. in the second place; and the remaing term in the third place. Place the terms of demand, under those of the same kind in the supposition. If the blank place or term sought, fall under the third term, the pro proportion is direct; then multiply the first and second terms together for a divisor, and the other three for a dividend but if the blank fall under the first or second term, the proportion is inverse; then multiply the third and fourth térms together for a divisor, and the other three for a dividend, and the quotient will be the answer.

• EXAMPLES.

1. If 7 men can build 56 rods of wall in 3 days; how many rods can 20 men build in 14 days?

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7: $ 36 Terms of supposition.

20; 14

Terms of demand.

36

84

42

504

20

7x521)10080(480 eds. Ans.

2. If 1001. prinsipal wil gain 6l. interest in 12 months, what will 400l. gain in 7 months?

Principa 100l.: 12mo. : : 67. Int.

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Ana. 141.

3. If 100%. will gain 67. a year; in what time will 400%. mo. £.

gain 141.

4. If 400% gain 147.

cent per annum ?

5. What Principal

147 in 7 months?

£.

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at 67. per cent. per annum, will gain £. mo. Int.

100

12: 6

7:: 14

Ans. £400. 6. An usurer put out 867. to receive interest for the same; and when it had continued 8 months, he received principal and interest, 887. 17s. 4d. ; I demand at what rate per cent. per ann. he received interest? Ans. 5 per ct 7. If 20 bushels of wheat are sufficient for a family a 8 persons 5 months, how much will be sufficient for 4 persons 12 months? Ans. 24 bushels. 8. If 30 men perform a piece of work in 20 days; how many men will accomplish another piece of work 4 times as large in a fifth part of the time ?

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9. If the carriage of 5 cwt. 3 qrs. 150 miles, cost 24 dollars 58 cents; what must be paid for the carriage o. 7 cwt. 2 qrs. 25 lb. 64 miles at the same rate?

Ans. $14, 08cts. 6m.+ 10. If 8 men can build a wall 20 feet long, 6 feet high and 4 feet thick, in 12 days; in what time will 24 men build one 200 feet long, 8 feet high, and 6 feet thick ? 8 12 20×6×4

24:

200x8x6 80 days, Ans.

CONJOINED PROPORTION,

Is when the coins, weights or measures of severs HOUD tries are compared in the same question; or it is many proportions together, and by the relati

several antecedents have to their consequents, the proportion between the first antecedent end the last consequent is discovered, as well as the proportion between the others in their several respects.

NOTE. This rule may generally be abridged by cancelling equal quantities, or terms that happen to be the same in both columns: and it may be proved by as many statings in the Single Rule of Three as the nature of the question may require.

CASE I.

When it is required to find how many of the first sort of coin, weight or measure, mentioned in the question, are equal to a given quantity of the last.

RULE.

Place the numbers alternately, beginning at the left hand, and let the last number stand on the left hand column; then multiply the left hand column continually for a dividend, and the right hand for a divisor, and the quotient will be the answer.

EXAMPLES.

1. If 100 lb. English make 95 lb. Flemish, and 19 lb. Flemish 25 lb. at Bologna; how many pounds English are equal to 50 lb. at Bologna?

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95000 dividend, and 2575)95000(40 Ans.

2. If 40 lb. at New-York make 48 lb. at Antwerp, and $0 lb. at Antwerp make 36 lb. at Leghorn; how many lb. at New-York are equal to 144 lb. at Leghorn ?

Ans. 100lb. 3. If 70 braces at Venice be equal to 75 braces at Leghorn, and 7 braces at Leghorn be equal to 4 American yards; how many braces at Venice are equal to 64 American yards? Ans. 104.

CASE II.

When it is required to find how many of the last sort feain, weight or measure, mentioned in the question, are Jumal to a given quantity of the first.

RULE.

Place the numbers alternately, beginning at the left hand, and let the last number stand on the right hand then multiply the first row for a divisor, and the second for a dividend.

EXAMPLES.

1. If 24 lb. at New-London make 20 lb. at Amsterdam, and 50 lb. at Amsterdam 60 lb. at Paris; how many at Paris are equal to 40 at New-London ?

Left. Right.

24

20 50 = 60

20 × 60 × 40 = 48000

40 24 × 50 =

= 40 Ans.

1200

2. If 50 lb. at New-York make 45 at Amsterdam, and 80 lb. at Amsterdam make 103 at Dantzic; how many I. at Dantzic are equal to 240 at N. York? Ans. 278

S. If 20 braces at Leghorn be equal to 11 vares at Lisbon, and 40 vares at Lisbon to 80 braces at Lucca how many braces at Lucca are equal to 100 braces at Leghorn ? Ans. 110.

EXCHANGE.

By this rule merchan's know what sum of money ought to be received in one country, for any sum of different specie paid in another, according to the given course of exchange.

To reduce the monies of foreign nations to that of the United States, you may consult the following

TABLE:

Shewing the value of the monies of account, of foreign nations, estimated in Federal Money.*

Pound Sterling of Ireland,

cts.

Pound Sterling of Great-Britain,

4 44

4 10

0 18

Guilder or Florin of the U. Netherlands,

0 89

Mark Banco of Hamburgh,

Rix Dollar of Denmark,

0 53} 1 0

Livre of France,

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1. In 45l. 10s. sterling, how many dollars and cents ♪ A pound sterling being 444 cents, Therefore-As 11.: 444cts. : : 45,5l.: 20202ct6. Ana 2. In 500 dollars how many pounds sterling?

As 444cts.

1l.:: 50000cts.: 112l. 12s. 3d.+ Ans.

II. OF IRELAND.

EXAMPLES.

1. In 90/. 108. 6d. Irish money, how many cents?

1l. Irish-410cts.

£. cts. £.

cts.

$ cta Therefore-As I: 410 :: 90,525 : 871151=371, 151 2. In 168 dols. 10 cts. how many pounds Irish? As 410cts. 1.:: 16810cts.: £41 Irish. Ans. III. OF FRANCE

Accounts are kept in livres, sols and deniers.
S12 deniers, or pence, make 1 sol, or shilling,
220 sols, or shillings, 1 livre, or pound.

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EXAMPLES.

1. In 250 livres, 8 sols, how many dollars and cents: 1 livre of France-183 cts. or 185 mills.

£

m.

£. m. S. ets. m. As I 185: 250,4 : 46324-46, 32 4 Ans.

2. Reduce 87 dols. 45 cts. 7 m. into livres of France mills. liv. mills. liv. so. den.

As 185 1: 87457: 472 14 9+ Ans.

IV. OF THE U. NETHERLANDS

Accounts are kept here in guilders, stiwers, groats and phennings.

8 phennings make 1 groat.

2 groats

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20 stivers

1 guilder, or florin.

A guilder is=39 cents, or 390 mills.

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