I look up to the highest summits of science, and I reverence properly, I hope, all that is established by the scientific method; but when I lift my gaze to the very uppermost pinnacles of the mount of established truth, I find standing there, not Häckel nor Spencer, but Hemholtz of Berlin, and Wundt of Heidelberg, and Hermann Lotze of Göttingen, physiologists as well as metaphysicians all; and they, as free investigators of the relations between matter and mind, are all on their knees before a living God. [Applause.] Am I to stand here in Boston, and be told that there is no authority in philosophy beyond the Thames? Is the outlook of this cultured audience, in heaven's name, to be limited by the North Sea? The English we revere; but Professor Gray says that there is something in their temperament that leads to materialism. England, green England! Sour, sad, stout skies, with azure tender as heaven, omnipresent, but not often visible behind the clouds, sour, sad, stout people, with azure tender as heaven, and omnipresent, but not often visible behind the vapors. Such is England, such the English. We are to extend our field of vision to the Rhine, to the Elbe, to the Oder, to the Ural Mountains; and, when we look around the whole horizon of culture, the truth is, that philosophical materialism to-day is a waning cause. It is a crescent of the old moon; and, in the same sky where it lingers as a ghost, the sun is rising, with God behind it. [Applause.]

VIII.

DOES DEATH END ALL? THE NERVES AND

THE SOUL.

THE FIFTY-THIRD LECTURE IN THE BOSTON MONDAY LECTURESHIP, DELIVERED IN TREMONT TEMPLE

NOV. 20.

"IT needs not that I swear by the sunset redness,

And by the night and its gatherings,

And by the moon when at her full,

That from state to state ye shall be surely carried onward."

KORAN.

"DIE Kraft, die in mir denkt und wirkt, ist ihrer Natur nach eine so ewige Kraft, als jene, die Sonnen und Sterne zuzammenhält. Ihre Natur ist ewig, wie der Verstand Gottes, und die Stützen meines Daseins - nicht meiner körperlichen Ercheinung - sind fest, als die Pfeiler des Weltalls." — HERDER, Philosophy of History.

VIII.

DOES DEATH END ALL? THE NERVES AND THE SOUL.

PRELUDE OF CURRENT EVENTS.

SAFE popular freedom consists of four things, and cannot be compounded out of any three of the four -the diffusion of liberty, the diffusion of intelligence, the diffusion of property, and the diffusion of conscientiousness. In the latter work, the Church is the chief agent; and her most important instrumentality we call the Sabbath. Goldwin Smith very subtly says that it is free religion and hallowed Sundays which explain the average moral prosperity of America. We have had in the last week, in Boston, a somewhat obscure and erratic convention, advising America to do better than she has thus far done in following the New-England ideas concerning Sunday. Give America, from sea to sea, the Parisian Sunday, and in two hundred years all our greatest cities will be politically under the heels of the featherheads, the roughs, the sneaks, and the money-gripes. [Applause.] Abolish Sunday, and the social sanity it fosters, and, in less than a century, the conflict be

tween labor and capital would issue here in petroleum fire-bottles. Capital in our great municipalities is fleeced now to the skin. Does it wish such social insanity to spring up as shall cut it through the cellular integument to the quick? If it does, let capital abolish Sunday. Working-men desire to build co-operation up into a palace for themselves and their little ones; and God speed their effort to protect their own! But how can co-operation succeed without the large confidence of man in man? and how can that come without the moral culture given by the right use of Sundays? Cooperation fails because men are not honest. How are men to be made honest without a time set apart for religious culture? That population which habitually neglects the pulpit, or its equivalent, one day in seven, can ultimately be led by charlatans, and will be. [Applause.]

I am no fanatic, I hope, as to Sunday; but I look abroad over the map of popular freedom in the world, and it does not seem to me accidental that Switzerland, Scotland, England, and the United States, the countries which best observe Sunday, constitute almost the entire map of safe popular government.

Sabbath is a day of religious culture and cheerful rest. Its biblical warrant is found in the re-affirmation by the Sermon on the Mount of the whole moral spirit of the Decalogue. I affirm, without fear of successful contradiction by any cultured thought, that the Sermon on the Mount re-affirms the moral spirit of the Decalogue, and in that re-affirmation