Aelia Sentia, i. 5. 3: i. 6. pr.: i. 4 and 7: Anastasiana, iii. 5. 1: Aquilia, iii. 27. 7: iv. 3 (see damnum iniuria datum): Atilia, i. 20. pr. and 3: Atinia, ii. 6. 2: Cornelia, de falsis, ii. 12. 5: iv. 18. 7: de iniuria, iv. 4. 8: de sicariis, iv. 18. 5 and 6: duode- cim Tabularum, see Twelve Tables: Fabia de plagiariis, iv. 18. 10: Fal- cidia, ii. 17. 3: ii. 22: ii. 23. 5: iv. 6. 33 Furia testamentaria, ii. 22. pr.: Fufia Caninia, i. 7. pr.: Hor- tensia, i. 2. 4: Hostilia, iv. 10. pr.: Iulia, de ambitu, iv. 18. 11: de adul- teriis, ib. 4: de annona, ib. 11: de praedio dotali, ii. 8. pr.: de residuis, iv. 18. 11: de vi publica aut privata, iv. 15. 6: iv. 18. 8: maiestatis, iv. 18. 3 peculatus, iv. 18. 9: repetun- darum, ib. II: Iulia et Plautia, ii. 6. 2: Iulia et Titia, i. 20. pr. and 3: Junia Norbana, i. 5. 3: iii. 7. 4: Iunia Velleia, ii. 13. 2: Papia Pop- paea, iii. 7. 2 and 3: Pompeia, de parricidiis, iv. 18. 6: regia, i. 2. 6: Voconia, ii. 22. pr.: Zenoniana, iii. 24. 3: iv. 6. 33.
libellus conventionis, iv. 6. 24. liberatio legata, ii. 20. 13. libertas, defined, i. 3. 1: legacy of, to incerta persona, once void, ii. 20. 25: given poenae nomine, by will, ib. 36: given per fideicommissum, ii. 24. 2. libertini, defined, i. 5. pr.: formerly of three kinds, ib. 3: liberti cives, ib.: intestate succession to, under the XII Tables, iii. 7. pr.: as amended by the praetor, ib. 1, and by the lex Papia, ib. 2: as finally settled by Justinian, ib. 3: adsignatio of, see adsignatio.
lis crescens, cases of, iii. 27. 7: iv. 6. 26: iv. 16. 1.
locatio conductio, analogy of its rules
to those of sale: contract concluded as soon as merces is agreed upon, iii. 24. pr.: same rule as in sale if merces is left to be fixed by a third person, iii. 23. 1 iii. 24. I cases resembling locatio conductio, but really innomi- nate contract, ib. 1 and 2: cases doubtful whether belonging to sale or locatio conductio, ib. 3 and 4: duties of conductor, ib. 5: they de- scend to his heirs, ib. 6. lucrativae causae, concurrence of, ii. 20. 6.
mancipium, i. 3. 3.
mandatum, a gratuitous contract, iii.
26. 13: its five modes, ib. pr.: man- datum for sole benefit of mandator, ib. 1 for joint benefit of mandator and agent, ib. 2: for sole benefit of third person, ib. 3 for joint benefit of mandator and third person, ib. 4: for joint benefit of agent and third person (mandatum qualificatum), ib. 5 for benefit of agent alone, con- silium rather than mandatum, ib. 6: mandatum contra bonos mores, not obligatory, ib. 7: agent must not exceed the terms of his commission, ib. 8: revocation of mandatum before execution, ib. 9: death of either party terminates the commission, except where subsequently executed through ignorance, ib. 10: mandatum need not be undertaken, but if accepted must be executed, ib. 11: mandatum in diem and sub condicione, ib. 12. manumissio, defined, i. 5. pr.: its modes, ib. I time of, ib. 2: in fraud of creditors, avoided by lex Aelia Sen- tia, i. 6. pr.: implies animus fraud- andi, ib. 3: change in law of manu- mission by minors, ib. 7: by will, limited by lex Fufia Caninia, i. 7. pr. not a capitis deminutio, i. 16. 4: of slave jointly owned, ii. 7. 4: impossible condition in testamentary manumission, taken pro non scripto, ii. 14. 10 who cannot manumit, i. 6. pr. and 4.
Marcellus, i. 4. pr.: ii. 5. 5. matrimonium, defined, i. 9. 1: pro- hibited degrees, i. 10. I sqq.
merx peculiaris, iv. 7. 3. method of the Institutes, i. 1. 2. military testament, does not require the usual number of witnesses, ii. 11. pr., or other ordinary forms, ib.: may be made only while on actual service, ib. and 3: if oral, a witness necessary, ib. 1 may be made by a deaf or dumb man, ib. 2: remains in force only a year after discharge, except in case of unfulfilled condition, ib. 3: confirmation on actual service of a non-military will irregularly made, ib.
: effect of capitis deminutio on, ib. 5 not invalidated by absence of ex- heredatio, ii. 13. 6: legacy in, to incerta persona, once void, ii. 20. 25: legacy poenae nomine in, ib. 36. minor, as tutor, i. 14. 2. minus petitio, iv. 6. 34.
mistake, in wills, ii. 20. 29: in con- tracts, iii. 19. 23: in statement of claim in an action, iv. 6. 35. mutuum, defined, iii. 14. pr.: by pupil without tutor's auctoritas, ii. 8. 2.
necessarius heres, i. 6. 1: institution of slave as, equivalent to manumis- sion, ib. 2: see heres. negotiorum gestio, iii. 27. I. Nero, ii. 23. 4.
Nerva, ii. 12. pr.
nomen, in literal contract, iii. 21. novatio, iii. 29. 3.
noxae datio, iv. 8. pr.: justified in principle, ib. 2: ownership of surren- dered slave passes to surrenderee, but slave may demand manumission if he can get the damages paid, ib. 3: some actions noxal legibus, others edicto praetoris, ib. 4: actio noxalis caput sequitur, ib. 5: effect of noxia committed by slave against his own master, ib. 6: noxae datio as applied to children in power obsolete under Justinian, ib. 7: its application in cases of pauperies, iv. 9.
nuptiae, defined, i. 9. 1: iustae, con- ditions of, i. 10. pr.: see matrimo- nium.
obligatio, defined, iii. 13. pr.: divided into civil and praetorian, ib. 1: into contractual, quasi-contractual, delic- tual, and quasi-delictual, ib. 2: contracta, iii. 14: verbis contracta, iii. 15 (see stipulatio): litteris con- tracta, iii. 21: consensu contracta, iii. 22. pr. naturalis and civilis, iii. 20. 1: quasi ex contractu, iii. 27: ex maleficio or delicto, four species, iv. I. pr.: quasi ex maleficio or delicto, iv. 5 obligations, how extinguished, iii. 29: solutio, ib. pr.: acceptilatio, ib. I novatio, ib. 3: contraria volun- tas, in consensual contracts, ib. 4. occupatio of wild animals, ii. 1. 12: when complete, ib. 13, cf. iv. 9. pr.: of bees, ii. 1. 14: of pigeons, ib. 15: of enemies and their property, ib. 17: of gems and stones found on the sea- shore, ib. 18: of island rising in the sea, ib. 22 of treasure trove, ib. 39: of res derelicta, ib. 47. optio, legacy of, ii. 20. 23. orcinus, ii. 24. 2.
ordinaria and extraordinaria iudicia, iii. 12. pr.: iv. 15. 8.
Papinian, i. 25. 2: i. 26. 7: ii. 1. 8: ii. 6. 9: ii. 20. 14: ii. 25. 1: iii. 23.7. parentes, as tutores legitimi, i. 18. partitio, ii. 23. 5.
patriciatus, i. 12. 4.
patroni, as tutores legitimi, i. 17. Paulus, ii. 14. pr. pauperies, iv. 9. peculium, Justinian's changes in the law of, ii. 9. 1: iii. 10. 2: iii. 28. pr.: legacy of, ii. 20. 20: castrense, ii. 9. 1: ii. 12. pr.: quasi-castrense, ii. 11. 6. perceptio fructuum, see fructus per- cepti.
performance of contract, impossi- bility of, iii. 19. 2.
permutatio, a contract distinct from emptio venditio, iii. 23. 2. personarum ius, all men free or slaves, i. 3. pr.: sui or alieni iuris, i. 8. pr.: those alieni iuris in either dominica or patria potestas, ib.: those sui iuris sometimes in tutela or cura, i. 13. pr. Pertinax, ii. 17. 7.
pignoris capio, i. 24. 3.
pignorum distractio, ii. 8. 1. pignus, ii. 8. 1: iii. 14. 4: iii. 19. 20: iv. I. 14: iv. 6. 7: iv. 15. 3. Pius Antoninus, i. 8. 2: i. 25. 8 and 18: i. 26. 3. 4 and 9: ii. 6. 9: ii. 15. 2: ii. 20. 4.
plebiscitum, defined, i. 2. 4. plebs, distinguished from populus, i.
Pomponius, ii. 10. 5.
possessio, meaning of the term, iv. 15. 5: acquisition of, through slaves and children in power, ii. 9. 3: through usufructuary slaves, alieni servi bona fide possessed, and free man bona fide serviens, ib. 4: through extraneae personae, ib. 5: possession bona and mala fide, ii. 6. 3 and 7: pro herede, iv. 15. 3 pro possessore, ib.: pos- sessio or praescriptio longi temporis, ii. 6. pr.: ii. 9. 5.
postliminium, i. 12. 5: i. 20, 2: ii. 1. 17: ii. 12. 5.
postumus, exheredatio of, ii. 13. 1: persons postumorum loco, ib. 2: in substitutions, ii. 16. 4: alienus, de- fined, ii. 20. 26: when a suus heres, iii. I. 2.
potestas dominica, is iuris gentium, i. 8. I limited by Pius Antoninus, ib. 2.
patria, i. 9: peculiar to Rome, ib.
3: over whom it extends, ib.: modes in which it is extinguished: death of paterfamilias, i. 12. pr.: deportatio of parent or child, ib. 1: parent's be- coming poenae servus, ib. 3: child's being elevated to patriciate, ib. 4: capture of parent or child and death in captivity, ib. 5: emancipation, ib. 6: adoptio plena, ib. 8: case of grand- child conceived before, but born after, son's emancipation, i. 12. 9. praeteritio of sui heredes, etc., ii. 13. pr.
praetor, heredem facere non potest, iii. 9. 2: fideicommissarius, ii. 23. 3: praetor's edict, i. 2. 7: i. 12. 6: con- trasted with lex, iii. 9. 2. principum placita, have the force of law, i. 2. 6: their species, ib. procurator, acquisition through, ii. 9.
5 mode of appointing, iv. 10. 1: satisdatio by, iv. 11. pr.
prodigus, cui bonorum suorum admi-
nistratio interdicta est, under a cura- tor, i. 23. 3 cannot make a will, ii.
relegatio, in insulam, i. 12. 2. replicatio, iv. 14. pr. repraesentatio, ii. 20. 14. rerum ius, ii. 1. pr.
res, in patrimonio or extra patrimo- nium, ii. 1. pr.: communes, ib. 1: publicae, ib. 2: universitatis, ib. 6: res of which the use is public, ib. 4: res nullius, ib. 7, 12 sq. 17, 18, 22: res sacrae, ib. 8: religiosae, ib. 9: sanctae, ib. 10: res singulorum, be- come so either iure gentium or iure civili, ib. 11: res corporales, ii. 2. 1: incorporales, ib. 2 and 3: legacy of,
ii. 20. 21 res mobiles and immo- biles, different treatment of, ii. 6. pr., 3 and 7: iv. 15. 4: res fungibiles, iii. 14. pr.
responsa prudentium, i. 1. 8. restitutio in integrum, iv. 6. 33. restitutio of inheritance under a fidei- commissum, ii. 23. 2.
Sabinians and Proculians, ii. 1. 25: iii. 23. 2: iii. 26. 8.
sanctio, meaning of the term, ii. I. 10. satisdatio, the old law of, in real
actions, iv. 11. pr.: in personal ac- tions, ib. I the law in Justinian's time, when the parties appear in per- son, ib. 2: where there is a procura- tor, ib. 3, or a defensor, ib. 5: satis- datio iudicatum solvi, ib. pr., I, 4 and 5 ratam rem dominum habitu- rum, ib. pr. and 2. Scaevola, i. 25. 16. seashore, common property, ii. 1. 1: its use public, ib. 5: defined, ib. 3. semestria, i. 25. I. senatusconsultum, defined. i. 2. 5: Afinianum, iii. 1. 14: Claudianum, iii. 12. 1: Largianum, iii. 7. 4: Mace- donianum, iv. 7. 7: Orfitianum, iii. 4 Pegasianum, iii. 23. 4 and 7: Rufi et Scapulae, iii. 8. pr. and 3: Tertullianum, iii. 3: Trebellianum, iii. 23. 4 and 6. servitudes, are res incorporales, ii, 2. 3 rustic, ii. 3. pr. and 2: urban, ib. 1: meaning of 'praedial' servitudes, ib. 3: modes of creating servitudes, ib. 4.
servus, nullum habet caput, i. 16. 4: as heir or legatee, ii. 9. 3: adultery of, with free woman, ii. 14. pr. iii. II ordinarius and vicarius, ii. 20. 17: iv. 7. 4: stipulations of, iii. 17. Severus, i. 25. 18: i. 26. 3. 4 and 9: ii. 6. 9 and 13: ii. 9. 5: ii. 10. 7: ii. 14. pr. ii. 17. 3 and 8: ii. 20. 5, 12, 15 and 20: ii. 25. I. slavery, originates in ius gentium, but contrary to ius naturale, i. 2. 2: i. 3. 2 modes in which persons become slaves, ib. 4: slaves all of one con. dition, ib. 5: see servus. societas, either tutorum bonorum or unius alicuius negotiationis, iii. 25. pr. shares of profit and loss, how ascertained, ib. 1-3: modes in which societas terminates: renunciation, ib. 4: death of socius, ib. 5: completion of the business for which the partner-
ship was formed, ib. 6: publicatio of the property of a partner, ib. 7, or his insolvency, ib. 8: obligations of partners inter se, ib. 9: beneficium competentiae, iv. 6. 38. solidary obligation, iii. 20. 4. solum Italicum, ii. 6. pr.: ii. 8. pr. solutio, iii. 29. pr.: per errorem, a case of real, iii. 14. 1, or rather quasi-con- tractual obligation, iii. 27. 6: solutio per errorem of legacies, ii. 20. 25. specificatio, ii. 1. 25. sportulae, iv. 6. 24.
spurii, i. 10. 2: have cognates, but not agnates, iii. 5. 4.
status, see capitis deminutio: status controversia, i. 25. 12.
stipendiaria praedia, ii. I. 40. stipulatio, defined, iii. 15. pr.: form of, under the older law, ib. 1: greater freedom introduced by Leo, ib., cf. iii. 19. 5 and 7: puré, in diem, and sub condicione, iii. 15. 2: stipulation for periodical payment, theoretically pura, ib. 3: conditional, defined, ib, 4 and 6: for factio, as distinguished from datio, best secured by a penalty, ib. 7: correi stipulandi and promittendi, iii. 16: stipulation of slave, iii. 17. pr.: personal to slave, if for a 'fac- tum,' ib. 2: stipulation of slave jointly owned, ib. 3 iii. 28. 3: stipulationes iudiciales, iii. 18. 1: praetoriae and aediliciae, ib. 2: conventionales, ib. 3: communes, ib. 4: what may be stipulated for, iii. 19. pr.: stipula- tions, why void: on account of non- existence of their subject, ib. I, or performance being otherwise impos- sible in nature or law, ib. 2: because performance is promised from a per- son not a party to the contract, ib. 3, or to a person not a party to the contract, nor having promisee in his potestas, ib. 4: on account of want of correspondence between question and answer, ib. 5. cf. 18: because made between master and slave, or pater and filiusfamilias, ib. 6: be- cause a party is deaf or dumb, ib. 7, or insane, ib. 8, or impubes in potes- tas, ib. 10: because of impossible condition, ib. 11: because inter ab- sentes, ib. 12: on account of mis- understanding between the parties, ib. 23: because immoral, ib. 24: stipu- lation for performance to stipulator or a third person, or to stipulator and a third person, ib. 4: for per- formance after death of promisor or promisee, made valid by Justinian, ib. 13: for performance after death
of third person, ib. 16: at death of promisor or promisee, ib. 15: prae- postera, ib. 14: on behalf of third person, void unless secured by a penalty, ib. 9, or unless promisee has an interest in performance, ib. 20: promise on behalf of third person, not binding unless secured by a penalty, ib. 21: for delivery of pro- perty on its becoming promisee's own, ib. 22: death of promisor before fulfilment of condition, ib. 25: sti- pulatio Aquiliana, iii. 29. 2. substitutio pupillaris, ii. 16. pr.: an institution of customary law, ib.: unum testamentum duarum heredi- tatum, ib. 2: precautions to be taken in, ib. 3: allowable even when the child is disinherited, ib. 4: not al- lowed, unless testator makes a will for himself, ib. 5: flexibility of, ib. 6: form of, ib. 7: avoided by child's reaching puberty, ib. 8: cffects of, how far producible where an extra- neus or pubes filius is instituted, ib. 9.
substitutio quasi-pupillaris, ii. 16. 1. substitutio vulgaris, its nature, ii. 15. pr.: flexibility, ib. 1. 2 and 3: to servus alienus believed to be sui iuris, ib. 4.
suspecti crimen, i. 26. pr.: see tutor.
telum, defined, iv. 18. 5. testamentifactio, ii. 10. 6: ii. 14. 2: ii. 19. 4 ii. 20. 24. testamentum, derived, ii. 10. pr.: comitiis calatis and in procinctu, ib. I per aes et libram, ib. praetorian will, attested by seals of seven wit- nesses, ib. 2: testamentum triperti- tum. ib. 3: further requirement of Justinian, ib. 4: any seal sufficient, ib. 5: material on which will may be written, ib. 12: duplicate copies, ib. 13: nuncupative will, ib. 14: will of quasi-castrense peculium, ii. 11. 6: who cannot make a will: filiifamilias, except of castrense or quasi-castrense peculium, ii. 12. pr.: impuberes and furiosi, ib. 1: prodigi, ib. 2: deaf, dumb, and blind persons, except under prescribed special forms, ib. 3 and 4: captivi, while in captivity, ib. 5: how a testament becomes rup- tum by quasi-adgnatio of suus heres, ii. 17. 1 by execution of a later will, ib. 2, even if the heir of the latter be instituted only ex certis rebus, ib. 3: will becomes irritum by capitis de-
minutio of testator, ib. 4, though in some cases upheld by the praetor, ib. 6: not avoided by mere intention to revoke, ib. 7 will of libertus, iii. 7. I sq. testamentum inofficiosum, see querella: militare, see military tes- tament.
Tiberius, i. II. II: ii. 15. 4. tignum, meaning of, ii. 1. 29. traditio, a natural mode of acquisition, ii. 1. 40: the universal mode of con- veying res corporales, ib.: may be made by an agent with owner's con- sent, ib. 42: e.g. by a general ma- nager, ib. 43: where not necessary for transfer of ownership, ib. 44 and 45 to incerta persona, ib. 46. Trajan, ii. 11. 1: ii. 12. pr.: iii. 7. 4. translatio of legacies, ii. 21. I. Trebatius, ii. 25. pr.
trespass, in pursuit of wild animals, ii. 1. 12.
Tribonian, proem: i. 5. 3: ii. 8. 2: ii. 23. 12.
tributoria praedia, ii. I. 40. triplicatio, iv. 14. 2.
tutela, i. 13. pr.: defined, ib. 1: ad- gnatorum, i. 15: belongs only to the nearest degree, i. 16. 7: patronorum, i. 17: parentium, i. 18: fiduciaria, i. 19: impuberum, based on natural law, i. 20. 6: modes in which tutela terminates, i. 22: by pupil's attaining puberty, ib. pr.: adrogatio, deporta- tio, capture in war, etc., ib. 1: fulfil- ment of condition, etc., ib. 2 and 5: death of pupil or tutor, ib. 3: capitis deminutio, ib. 4: removal on suspi- cion, grounds of excuse, etc., ib. 6: tutela a munus publicum, i. 25. pr. tutor, i. 13. 2: may be appointed by will, ib. 3, even to postumi, ib. 4: to an emancipated child only with magistrate's approval, ib. 5: who may be appointed, i. 14: incertae personae cannot, ii. 20. 25 and 27: appointment ad tempus, ex tempore, sub condicione, etc., i. 14. 3: ap- pointment certae rei or causae not good, ib. 4: tutor Atilianus, i. 20. pr.: ex lege Iulia et Titia, ib.: tutors of these latter kinds often appointed temporarily, ib. 1 and 2: later mode of appointment in default of testa- mentary tutor, ib. 3: in Justinian's time, ib. 4 responsibility of tutor at end of term of office, ib. 7: case of action between tutor and pupil: lat- ter must have a curator ad litem, i. 21. 3: tutoris actor, i. 23. 6: tutorum satisdatio, i. 24: iv. 11. pr.: what tutors are exempted from giving sa-
tisdatio, i. 24. pr.: offer of satisdatio to secure sole administration, ib. 1: iii. 19. 20: procedure where none of several tutors offers, i. 24. 1: liability of magistrates who appoint, ib. 2−4: grounds of excuse from serving the office, see curator: tutor cannot be compelled to become curator to same ward, i. 25. 18, or man to his own wife, ib. 19: removal of tutor on sus- picion, i. 26: who can remove, ib. 1, and be removed, ib. 2: the actio sus- pecti tutoris quasi-publica, ib. 3, but cannot be brought by an impubes, ib. 4 meaning of suspectus, ib. 5. 9 and 13: interdiction of administration during the action, ib. 7: tutor's obli- gation to maintain pupil, ib. 9 and 10: punishment of, by praefectus urbis, ib. 10 and 11: offer of security by tutor, no bar to his removal on suspicion, ib. 12: tutor and pupil, relation between is quasi-contractual, iii. 27. 2.
Twelve Tables, the, on tutela, i. 15. pr.: i. 17: on curatio adgnatorum, i. 23. 6: on suspecti crimen, i. 26. pr.: on the actio de tigno iniuncto, ii. 1. 29: on sale, ii. 1. 41: on usucapio of res furtivae, ii. 6. 2: on legacy, ii. 22. pr.: on intestate succession, ii. 13. 5: iii. 1. 1. 9 and 15: iii. 2. pr., 3 and 5: iii. 3. pr. and 2: iii. 5. 1 and 5: iii. 7. pr. iii. 9. 2: iii. 10. pr.: on iniuria, iv. 4. 7: on pauperies, iv. 9. 4: Gaius' work on, iv. 18. 5.
usucapio, a civil mode of acquisition, ii. 6. pr. Justinian's changes in the law of, ib.: what cannot be acquired by, ib. 1 and 2: of moveables, rare, ib. 3 cases of it, ib. 4, 5 and 6: of immoveables, easier: how effected, ib. 7: of res furtivae or vi possessae, how possible, ib. 8: of res fisci, ib. 9: the thing to be acquired must have no vitium, ib. 10: error falsae causae, fatal to, ib. 11: continuatio temporis in, ib. 12 and 13.
usus, a personal servitude created and extinguished in same ways as usus- fructus, ii. 5. pr.: a less right than the latter, ib. 1: rights of usuary of a house, ib. 2: usus intransferable, ib. 3 usus of slave, ib.: of cattle, ib. 4 not extinguished by capitis demi- nutio minima, iii. 10. 1. ususfructus, ii. 1. 36: duty of usu- fructuary to act as bonus paterfami- lias, ib. 38: defined, ii. 4. pr.: modes
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