taught the natives while they maintained themselves by the sweat of their own brow.

I found that Mr. Bonatz considered it would be a very great outlay if it cost their Society 1,000l. from first to last before the new station in Kaffirland was able to maintain itself. He was himself engaged in making the door-frames and window frames for the missionaries' houses, to be conveyed to Windfogel; and a Christian Kaffir carpenter, (the only handicraftsman of that nation I ever saw,) was working with him.

What a contrast is all this to the vast sums which we find necessary to the successful establishment of any Mission among the heathen! While our own Church Missionary Society spends 10,000l. a-year in New Zealand (vide Rev. R. Maunsell's Letter to Lord Grey, Ann.. Rep. 1847-8), and nearly an equal sum in Sierra Leone, and still the Reports declare that larger funds are wanting for the success of the work-in the first, at least, of these Missions-I cannot but think that, if we had a little more of the Moravian spirit at work amongst us, our hands need scarcely be so tied down as they now are. Indeed, the same letter which I have quoted from New Zealand seems to give a proof of it. The author says that the only satisfactory way in which education can be brought to bear on the natives is by boarding-schools, in establishing which he and his brethren are met by the insuperable difficulty of heavy expenditure and contracted means; that the maintenance of each child costs 6l. per annum, the only exception being the school of Kaitaia, where twenty children are boarded at an expense of 21. per child; "but this is owing to there being two Missionaries on that station-men not only active, but skilled also in manual occupation, and thus able to avail themselves of local advantages." (Ibid.)

Does it not seem as if we wanted more of this ability to avail ourselves of local advantages in conducting the work of Missions? I believe our pecuniary resources would be abundant in any part of the world if we had but the trained men; I mean, men trained like the Moravians-i.e. having not only zeal and piety, and the spirit of obedience, but also

1. Subjugated feelings, such as enable men to live harmoniously in one community, taking their meals in common.

2. The ability and the will to work as handicraftsmen for the good of the society, and this coupled with the power of acquiring and teaching in other languages beside their own.

3. The absence of anything like covetousness, or self-interest, or any temptation to make a privy purse.

This last the Moravians cut off by educating and providing for the children of all their Missionaries at the public expense.

I believe that the Church of England has plenty of such men in her bosom, both among the clergy and the laity; but they want drawing out, and training, and concentrating. And I will again ask you to consider whether some such plan as I have before proposed to you be not necessary for this purpose.

Believe me, yours truly,

M.

DIOCESE OF FREDERICTON.

WE have been favoured, by the Bishop of Fredericton, with the following interesting sketch of the events of the last twelve months in his Diocese:

"Last summer the Bishop visited every Mission on the east shore of New Brunswick, from Sussex Vale to Bathurst, as well as the island of Grand Manan, and other places, and confirmed 488 young persons. At one place, an aged person of more than ninety years, walked several miles to receive Confirmation.

"The Bishop also consecrated, in the spring, a new church in the parish of Queensbury, where formerly the church lay in ruins. The new building, which is higher up the river, is a simple but churchlike structure, especially in its internal arrangements. The few Churchmen of the district have contributed liberally in time, labour, and money. But it never could have been completed without the assistance of the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, which liberally bestowed 100%. sterling.

"It may not be uninteresting to know how Christmas Day is spent in one of the Colonies :-Christmas Eve, many zealous members of the Church were busy in decorating the churches with festoons of cedar, wild vine, (a pale green,) and spruce boughs, and in forming symbols and texts in commemoration of the Nativity, with which the churches were adorned. Before eight o'clock A.M. a zealous throng filled St. Anne's Chapel, where the choir first sang the Christmas Hymn, Hark, the herald-angels sing,' &c. then a portion of the Church prayers, with an appropriate lesson, and a short anthem. Every one then hastened to congratulate his neighbour on the auspicious morn. At eleven o'clock crowds repaired to the parish church, where, in the accustomed place and order of the book, another anthem was sung by the choir, and at least a dozen little voices, who were delighted to lend their aid to the Christmas song. A sermon was preached by the Bishop, and 180 persons communicated. In the afternoon, prayers again, and a sermon at St. Anne's, and the choir sang Wise's beautiful anthem, 'Awake! put on thy strength, O Zion.' The evening was spent in the social enjoyment of the family circle. In each of the churches above alluded to, an anthem is sung every Sunday, from the works of Farrant, Purcell, Crofts, Rogers, Clarke, Kent, and others.

"In February were the meetings of the Church Society, which unites the work of the Society for the Propagation of the Gospel, the Society for Promoting Christian Knowledge, the Bible and Tract Societies, under one head, as the action of the Church. Four meetings were held; at the Annual General Meeting, the chair was taken by

The following sums were voted

the Lieut.-Governor, Sir E. Head.

in aid of the objects contemplated by the Society.

730l. towards new and poor Missions.

1707. for new Churches.

201. for a Parsonage-house

1007. for Books.

1007. for the Widows and Orphans Fund of the Clergy.

"It was gratifying, amidst the general commercial depression, to find the funds of the Society considerably larger than last year. Three Priests and two Deacons were ordained this year.

The Cathedral.-Great progress was made with this building last year. The tower and transepts, 27 by 68, and the sacrarium, 35 by 20, were completed, except that the tower was raised only 56 feet in height. There were also added the roofs of aisles, choir, transepts, and the lantern-roof of tower, so that the whole length of the building, about 150 feet, is complete, and the Bishop hopes to finish the tower this season. The work has stood the winter admirably. The clergy and some of the laity of the diocese have contributed to fill the windows of the nave and transepts with glass, aided by gifts from England, and there remains only the east window, towards which Mr. Wailes of Newcastle has liberally offered to give one eighth. This is still unfurnished, and the Bishop is not without hopes that some pious and liberal benefactor may, on the sight of this account, be stirred up to do something to finish it. The Cathedral Library is put up at present in the Bishop's house, and the clergy take out books, and find it extremely useful. Good Church histories are much wanted, and some cathedral music would be extremely valued: such as Boyce's Collection, and Tudway's, or some of Tallis, Farrant, Purcell, Croft, and others.

"Valuable presents have been made of Church plate to some poor Missions, by R. Hichens, Esq. of London, who has also contributed a memorial window to the Cathedral. This is a great acquisition. If any pious and benevolent persons would also give a font of good design to a few poor Missions, it would be of service. In many of the Missions there is not a stone-mason within fifty miles. For 101. a font could be made here of stone. The Bishop's Triennial Visitation it is intended to hold on St. Barnabas' Day, the day of his installation, when he hopes to be spared to meet forty-nine clergy assembled, nineteen more than when he arrived. Any gifts of books suitable to the library, may be sent to 79, Pall Mall, or if forwarded direct to the Bishop, through A. Browne, Esq. 37, Paradise-street, Liverpool, will reach him safely.

"Thus we have cause to thank Him who hath so far helped us, and go on cheerfully in our work."

ADDRESS TO BISHOP SPENCER FROM TANJORE.

Tanjore, January 17, 1850.

RIGHT REV. AND DEAR LORD,-We avail ourselves of the earliest opportunity afforded us by our half-yearly Local Committee meeting, to give expression to our united feelings as the Missionary Clergy of the Tanjore Province, on being made acquainted with the determination to which your Lordship lately came, of resigning the Bishopric of Madras, over which you had presided for a period of twelve years, on the ground of continued ill-health.

It would ill become us, on such an occasion, to content ourselves with a mere silent recognition of your Lordship's claims upon our sympathy and affectionate respect, or passive regret at your resignation; for though debarred by our high principles from using, under any circumstances, "flattering words;" and far from supposing that you "covet the praise of men;" yet, as the very same principles teach us to "give honour to whom honour is due," and to "remember those who have been over us in the Lord, and to esteem them very highly in love for their work's sake," we consider we are only discharging an incumbent duty when we give utterance to the grateful feeling of our hearts on this the final opportunity of our addressing you.

When we reflect upon the long and laborious services rendered by your Lordship to this Diocese-and we may be pardoned for referring especially to the Missionary portions of it-and that, frequently, amid great bodily infirmity and indisposition; when we call to mind your constant earnest desire as well to promote godly discipline, and a vigorous and faithful discharge of our Missionary functions, as to advance the personal comfort and happiness of each one of our number; when we consider the invariable urbanity of your intercourse with us, your forbearance on occasions when causes of misunderstanding may have arisen; your condescension to the meanest of Christ's little ones, as shown so conspicuously in the privations and endurances to which you exposed yourself, in your frequent visitations to the Mission districts, and your demeanour on those occasions, by which our "hands," oftentimes so inclined to "hang down" from pressure of the trials that surround us, were "holden up," and the theory of our beloved Church practically exhibited in the affectionate intercommunion of Bishop, Clergy, and people; we are impressed with no ordinary sorrow and regret to know, that the relation, so long subsisting between your Lordship and us, has ceased.

As, however, it frequently happens in the dispensations of Providence, that good and evil are made to counterbalance each other, and thus solace is blended with sadness; so, on the present occasion, we see, and gratefully acknowledge, the goodness of the great Head of the Church, who while, for wise purposes no doubt, removing you from our midst, has graciously raised up one, as your successor, in whom

(if we may presume to say so), we have every guarantee afforded from a prolonged course of ministerial devotedness both at home and in India, that "all our need will be supplied," and the great cause of Christian Missions, with which your Episcopate was very signally identified, shall receive equal and as hearty support.

In conclusion, we bid "farewell" to your Lordship with the sincerest gratitude for all your kindness to us individually, and to the congregations committed to our charge; and, with our earnest, though humble prayers, that with recovered health, and replenished spiritual gifts, you may be spared many years to "adorn the doctrine of God our Saviour," in whatever portion of the Church's field it may be allotted you to labour; and that, finally, through the merits of our great High Priest, you may "receive a crown of glory which shall never fade away."

We are, Right Reverend and dear Lord,
Your Lordship's

Faithful and affectionate Fellow-labourers in the Gospel,

CHARLES HUBBARD, Missionary, S.P.G., Canandagoody.
WILLIAM HICKEY, Madura and Dindigul, and the Prelacy Hills.
C. S. KOHLHOFF, Missionary, S.P.G., Evangalore.

GEORGE HEYNE, Trichinopoly.

S. A. GODFREY, Combaconum.

JOHN GUEST, Tanjore.

H. BOWER, Vediarpooram.

ALLAN JOHNSON, Missionary, S.P.G., Nangon and Negapatam.
W. L. COOMBES, Aneikadoo.

To the Right Rev. Bishop Spencer,

Late Lord Bishop of Madras.

Edgemoor, England, May 22, 1850.

Rev. and dear BRETHREN,-I thank you from my heart for the affectionate address which you have sent to me by the hands of your excellent Archdeacon.

My continual prayer, whilst I was among you, was to be found a faithful fellow-labourer with my Brother-Missionaries in preaching the glad tidings of salvation to the Heathen my prayer will always be, that you may be found faithful unto the end; and that many souls in India, won by your preaching of the Word of Life to seek and to abide with the only Saviour, may, together with all the elect people of God, be saved by Him for ever.

Believe me,

Your faithful and affectionate
G. T. SPENCER.

To the Rev. the Missionary Clergy of the Diocese of Madras, who signed the Address.