Men, per year, $120 to $140; per month, $10 to $15; per day, 50

Manures.-Common barn-yard, plaster, and lime.

Wages-$120 per year; from $10 to 14 per month.

The

The annexed returns are as full as I can render at present. number of farmers who keep farm-books or have accurate surveys of their fields, are so few, as to make it very difficult to determine with as much accuracy as you require.

Spring crops, particularly late sowed oats, corn and potatoes, have been very much injured by the drought, so as to make them fall much below the average crops for the last few years.

Stock. Our stock consists of a cross of almost every known breed, but the Short Horn cattle are fast being introduced, also merino sheep, some very fine specimens are to be found in the town.

D. L. PICKARD.

B. P. JOHNSON, ESQ.,

Spafford, Nov. 10th, 1849.

Cor. Sec'y N. Y. S. Agricultural Society:

DEAR SIR-Your Circular, addressed to me, was received at so late a day that I am unable to give, definitely, the information which you desire. Yet as some general statements may not be wholly useless, and as they will at least show that an interest is felt in the efforts of your society, I think proper to reply.

The principal agricultural productions of this town are winter and spring wheat, barley,, oats, indian corn, flax to some extent, sheep, cattle and swine. The soil is peculiarly adapted to a "mixed husbandry," and consequently these productions are of about equal importance. The average yield of wheat per acre is about twenty bushels, though thirty and thirty-five is not an uncommon yield. The most common varieties of winter wheat are Mediterranean, Irish, Hutchinson and Flint; of spring wheat, Italian, Dutch and Black Sea; these may be local names but I know no others. Wm. Fuller, Esq., of Skaneateles, has introduced from Wisconsin another variety of spring wheat which promises well. It is known by no name here-has a short thick head, the kernels thickly set in, bearded, chaff and straw reddish color, the berry short and plump.

Barley produces upon an average about thirty bushels per acre, and is cultivated quite extensively in this town, every part of which is well adapted to its growth. In parts of the town, barley and spring wheat are considered better crops than oats, principally, as it is customary either to seed to grass with the crop, or sow the stubble with winter wheat, neither of which is safe with oats. The soil is adapted to them, and good crops are raised.

The average yield of Indian Corn is perhaps not more than thirty bushels per acre, though from forty to sixty bushels are quite common. Hay-The hay raised is wholly consumed; yield one and a half to two tons per acre.

From the middle of June, the season has been excessively warm and dry; crops have not been materially injured by it, except corn, potatoes, and other late crops, which have suffered much; with these exceptions, the crops compare favorably with those of last year.

Two years since, wheat and barley were much injured by the Hessian fly, but since then they have not been affected. Wheat this season has been slightly injured by the "weevil," as it is commonly termed in this region, but probably the "wheat midge." This season is the first of its appearance.

Potatoes have been considerably diseased for several years, but as yet there is no complaint this season. Early planting has been adopted as a preventive, though it is not decided to be a sure one. No other preventive has been discovered. But little attention has been given to the culture of roots, though they succeed well whenever tried.

There are no large dairies in town; considerable butter is however made, though but little cheese. Dairying is, I think, not on the in

crease.

Of the fruit culture the less said the better. An interest however

seems to be awakening.

The only breed of cattle in town is native, in some cases improved by mixture with the Devon. Some quite valuable cattle are raised. Oxen in ordinary condition sometimes selling as high as $100 to $140, and cows for $30 to $50.

Good ordinary work-horses are raised.

Much attention has for a few years been given to wool-growing. The principal breeds of sheep are a mixture of Saxon and Merino, and native or "old fashioned," improved by Saxon and Merino. The common yield of wool is 3 to 4 lbs. per head, selling this season for 30 to 35 cts. There are a few coarse wooled sheep in town, but I am not very familiar with them. The swine is probably a mixture of all breeds, producing however a good one; at 18 months old they weigh when fattened from 300 to 500 lbs.

Manure-The kind mostly used is the barn-yard; lime and plaster are used, the latter to a considerable extent, the former to but a small extent.

Schools-Nothing has as yet been done towards introducing the stndy of agriculture into the common schools, but by a little effort I think it might be introduced.

Respectfully,

SIDNEY SMITH.