of the apparatus right, (his Causality, Constructiveness, and other faculties, being unimpaired,) but when he came to the chemical process of dyeing, with which he was as familiar as with the alphabet, he failed repeatedly. Finally, they were obliged to employ another dyer, who pointed out the omissions, or mistakes, which caused Dr. F.'s failures. Although the doctor was an excellent chemist, and perfectly understood every part of the process of dyeing, yet he would omit one thing in one experiment, and another in another, and thus fail in every attempt. He could seldom succeed in any chemical experiments, though passionately fond of the science, because of these omissions, "and yet," said Mr. C., "start him on a train of thought, and he would reason as clearly, and logically, and powerfully, as almost any one I ever knew."

Another fact, similar to the above, occurred in the case of Mr. Robert McFarland, an innkeeper, who, in 1837, lived in Carlisle, Pa. near the Court House. When about sixteen years of age, in consequence of a fall from a horse, he had a deposition of watery matter collected, which finally settled in the centre of his forehead, forming a sack between the skin and the skull. This remained there for several years, until it became so extremely painful as to render it necessary to have an operation performed upon it. A portion of the skull was removed, and the brain beneath was more or less affected. Before this injury, his memory of circumstances, of what he heard, saw, read, &c., was so excellent that he was often referred to. This kind of memory, and this only, appeared to be destroyed by the accident. On this account he called on me, whilst lecturing in that village, for a phrenological examination, but did not make known his object, waiting to see if I should detect any impairment of memory. On examining his forehead, and perceiving the organs of Size, Form, Individuality, and Locality, quite large, I remarked that his memory of forms, things, persons, places, &c., should be decidedly good; but observing a deep-seated scar where the organ of Eventuality is located, I remarked, that if the wound which caused it had affected the brain there, his memory of events, of little incidents, every day occurrences, &c. must have been impaired. "That is a fact," said he. "If I see a man who called on me ten years ago, I recognise his form and features at once; but if a customer wants any little thing, and another calls for something before I have waited on the first, I forget the first entirely, and thus often give offence; but I cannot help it. And it is of no use for me to read any thing, for I forget it immediately." The location of this scar fixed the injury of the brain precisely on the organ of Eventuality, and that was the only mental faculty impaired.

Another fact occurred in the case of a Mr. Camp, of New Haven, Ct. who, by the bursting of a gun, had the end of the barrel driven about an inch into the centre of his forehead, scattering some brain upon the stone wall against which he was leaning. And ever since this accident, his memory of facts, events, &c. has been defective. Lawyer Stoddard informed me that more than once he had been compelled to suspend public business, or cases at law, in which he was engaged in behalf of Mr. Camp, in consequence of Mr. C.'s defective memory. I have seen this scar, and can testify that it is located over the organ of Eventuality.

Mr. Nathan Dalby, of Wilmington, Del. is another example of the injury of this organ, and, with it, of the faculty of Eventuality, caused by falling from a horse and striking his forehead upon a

stone.

It was

The following case affords a striking instance where the organ of Tune was affected, and became preternaturally excited. reported to me by Dr. Jacques, of Wilmington, Del. who was the attending physician in the case, which occurred in 1821, in the person of one Robert Hunter, an Irishman, at Young's factory, on the Brandywine, five miles above Wilmington. Mr. Hunter was engaged in blasting rocks; and having charged a rock with a heavy blast, which did not ignite, he swore he would make it go off at some rate, and jammed with great violence his drill down upon the powder. It struck fire and went off, but did not split the rock. The drill was thrown, no one knows where. Both of Mr. Hunter's hands were torn off by the charge, which, coming up in a body, also struck his head along the superciliary ridge, cutting a furrow in the skull, and carrying away a portion of the dura mater, as well as affecting more or less the brain. From his friends, at whose house he boarded and died, (Mr. and Mrs. White,) I learned the precise location of the injury, viz. along the superciliary ridge and externally of it. About fifteen minutes after he was carried to the house of Mr. W. "he fell to singing songs," and continued singing almost without intermission till his death, which took place nine days after the accident. The following description of his singing propensity, I noted down from Mrs. W.'s remarks, and give them in her own words. "He sung the whole time after he was blown up-did not stop one hour, put it altogether. Mr. W. began to read the Bible to him, but he broke out singing and stopped his reading. He was very musical, much more so than when he was of himself. I thought this very strange. It was not a quarter of an hour after he was brought in before he began to sing; and he sung all the time till he died, and stopped only when some one went in to see him, and then began VOL. II.-33

again directly.

sung

His principal song was "Erin go Bragh," and he

it with a better tune than I ever heard it sung before or since. It beat all how musical his voice was. He sung very loud, and seemed to take a great deal of pleasure in it." Dr. Jacques observed, that what struck him most forcibly, was to hear him sing with so much feeling, and pathos, and ecstacy. Several other persons also bore testimomy to the same point. From the description of Mr. and Mrs. W. who frequently dressed the wound, as well as from Dr. J. who was the attending physician, I am certain that the injury of the head occurred on the borders of the organ of Tune, highly exciting it, though not disorganising it.

Again: Numerous cases have fallen under my observation, where the brain in particular regions of the head has been preternaturally excited, so much so as to cause severe pain to the individual, and a feverish heat externally, which was distinctly perceptible to the sense of touch. Two or three cases of this nature I will mention. A Mr. C. of Boston, Mass. is subject to spells of violent pain in his forehead, and there only, (the seat of the intellectual organs,) which is accompanied with an irrepressible desire to read, think, study, write, &c. He often sits up whole nights indulging this intellectual mania. Nothing but sleep will relieve the pain, and even this remedy is often prevented by the great activity of the brain; and not unfrequently he declines seeking repose, because of the extreme delight experienced in thus gratifying his mind by reading, study, &c. though fully aware that such a course serves only to aggravate the disease.

Another striking instance occurred in the case of a distinguished lawyer, who has been for many years the attorney-general of one of the New England states. On examining his head, I found an unnatural and feverish heat in his forehead, particularly in the region of the perceptive faculties, and I remarked to him, "Sir, the brain in your forehead is highly excited and inflamed; you have been studying or thinking too hard, or doing too much business of some kind, and unless you stop at once, and take care of yourself, you will soon be either a dead man, or a crazy one." Upon this, he started upon his feet, and exclaimed, "Who has been telling you about me?" "No one, sir." "But some one has," said he. "Upon my honour and my conscience, sir, I neither know you, nor your occupation, nor your condition in life, nor one single thing about you, except what I infer from your phrenological developements." I then pointed out to him the preternatural heat of his forehead; and he requested me to proceed in the examination, when at its close, he stated that for several weeks he had been dreadfully afflicted with

6:

a most violent and intolerable pain in his forehead, particularly in the lower portion, and on that account had requested an examination." He continued his remarks, saying, "that his memory of business, which, up to that time, had been remarkably retentive, had failed him, and that his intellectual faculties appeared to have sustained some injury; and that this was occasioned chiefly at a recent sitting of the court, when his mental faculties were einployed to their utmost stretch, for several days and nights in succession, upon very difficult law cases, both in behalf of the state as well as for private individuals." This gentleman is about sixty years of age, has a strong constitution, and a most active temperament.

ARTICLE IV.

CASE OF INJURY OF THE HEAD CONFIRMATORY OF PHRENOLOGY.

Dr. Drake, now professor in the Medical Institute of Louisville, Ky. communicated to the "Western Journal of Medical and Physical Sciences," in the year 1835, an interesting case of the pathology of the brain. The facts involved in this case, afford not only positive evidence of the existence and location of the organ of Language, but serve to throw additional light on the nature of its functions. Dr. Drake then resided at Cincinnati, Ohio; and the individual whose head was affected, was Mr. C. Van Zant, of Louisville, Ky. This gentleman called upon Dr. D. for advice, complaining of pain in his head. He had received a contusion upon the head by a ball, without a laceration of the integuments, and had suffered by epileptic fits. At this time, "he had almost entirely lost the power of recollecting proper names, to whatever class of objects they may belong." "When he called upon me," says Dr. D. "he could not tell the name of the city (Louisville) where he belonged, nor of the river (Ohio), nor of the steamboat (Michigan) on which he had made the voyage, nor of the city where he then was (Cincinnati), nor my name. To enable himself to find me, he had written my name upon a bit of paper, from which he read it when inquiring for my office." "I at first supposed, for a moment; that he was deranged, or idiotic, but soon discovered that his mind was otherwise nearly sound, for his narrative was intelligible and well connected, though when he came to a proper name he stopped, and had to substitute a description of the object." In every interview had with him, the same

"phenomena was manifested," though once or twice he succeeded in recalling the name which was desired. He could not recall the names of any place where he had lived, or of any towns around Louisville, his present residence; he could not mention any of the names of the physicians who had attended him, though he could distinctly relate all they had done for him. He could recollect none of the names of the journeymen he employed, though he could state their different qualifications. It was with great difficulty and study only, that he could, on any occasion, recollect his children's names; "but when it came to his own baptismal name, and that of his wife, he could not proceed." Upon putting a slate and pencil into his hands, he was sometimes able to write a proper name, and then to read it; but in one case he wrote "Kentucky" instead of Louisville, for the city in which he resides. He could use common nouns without the least difficulty, such as rivers, town, doctor, medicine, state, boat, &c. and also every part of speech, except proper names. The pain of which he complained, is in his temple and about the eye. The left eye is watery, and the sight of both is weak, and their motions unsteady. "Without indulging in conjectures," says Dr. Drake, "I shall direct the attention of the reader to the fact, that the seat of his neuralgic pain is ear the part of the brain which the phrenologists regard as the organ of Language, situated immediately behind the globe of the eye."

ARTICLE V.

PHRENOLOGICAL DEVELOPEMENTS OF HENRY COBLER MOSELMAN,

Who was executed in the city of Lancaster, Pa. for the murder of Lazarus Zellerbach, December 20th, 1839. With remarks by Wm. B. Fahnestock, M. D.

History.

Henry Cobler Moselman was a German by birth, about thirty years of age, five feet ten inches in height, broad shouldered, stoutly built, and muscular; of a bilious lymphatic temperament-dark brown eyes and black hair.

The accounts given of him before he came to this country, are of a doubtful character; and although many unfavourable reports were at one time in circulation, they have passed away with the excitement, and but few are now heard of, but what seem to be borne out by circumstances of, at least, a probable nature. Upon his left arm