Nemo debet bis vexari pro unâ et eâdem causâ, 241 Ambiguitas verborum latens verificatione suppletur; nam quod ex facto oritur ambiguum verificatione facti tollitur, 468 ALPHABETICAL LIST OF LEGAL Throughout this List, Wingate's Maxims are indicated by the letter (W.) Lofft's Reports (Ed. 1790), to which is appended a very copious Collection of Maxims, are signified by the letter (L.) The Grounds and Rudiments of Law (Ed. 1751), by the letter (G.); and Halkerston's Maxims (Ed. 1823), by the letter (H.); the reference in the last instance only being to the number of the Page, in the others to that of the Maxim. Of the above Collections, as also of those by Noy (9th ed.), and Branch (5th ed.), I have, in preparing the following List, freely availed myself. I have also inserted some few Maxims from the Civil Law, the Digest being referred to by the letter (D.), as in the body of the work. The figures at the end of the line without the Parenthesis denote the pages of this Treatise where the maxim is commented upon or cited. 1 With reference to this maxim, an adequate notice of which could not be comprised within the limits of a work professing to be of an elementary character, we may observe generally, that the jurisdiction of a particular tribunal is founded, either in respect of the domicile of the defendant being within the territory-ratione domicilii; or in respect of his being possessed of property there situateratione rei sita. 3 Burge, Col. L. 1016. For information respecting the above maxim, reference should also be made to Mr. Justice Story's valuable Treatise on the Conflict of Laws. 2 The law, observes Lord Bacon, makes this difference, that, if the parties have put it in the power of a third person, or of a contingency, to give a perfection to their act, then they have put it out of their own reach and liberty to revoke it; but where the completion of their act or contract depends upon the mutual consent of the original parties only, it may be rescinded by express agreement. So, in judicial acts, the rule of the civil law holds, sententia interlocutoria revocari potest, that is, an order may be revoked, but a judgment cannot. Bac. M. reg. 20. See Story on Agency, 424, for illustrations of the above maxim. tem a quocunque provenit ratum Actus legis nemini est damnosus, rea, Actus non facit reum nisi mens sit Ad proximum antecedens fiat relatio Edificare in tuo proprio solo non licet Affectus punitur licet non sequitur Affirmanti non neganti incumbit pro- Alienatio licet prohibeatur consensu Alienatio rei præfertur juri accres 89 35 529 A non posse ad non esse sequitur ar- 79.) n. Arbitramentum æquum tribuit cuique 77, 83 276 Argumentum à simili valet in lege. Assignatus utitur jure auctoris, 142 139 350, 352, 359, 360 331, 345 BELLO parta cedunt reipublicæ. (Cited Aliquid conceditur ne injuria remane- rit impunita quod alias non conce- Aliquis non debet esse judex in pro- priâ causâ, quia non potest esse Aliud est possidere-aliud esse in Aliud est tacere-aliud celare, 85 616 Benedicta est expositio quando res re- 127, 129, 219 Bona fides non patitur, ut bis idem Allegans suam turpitudinem non est Ambiguitas verborum latens verifica- tione suppletur, nam quod ex facto Ambiguitas verborum patens nulla Angliæ jura in omni casu libertati Animus hominis est anima scripti. (3 Annua aut debitum judex nec separat Bonæ fidei possessor, in id tantum Bonus judex secundum æquum et Boni judicis est ampliare jurisdic Boni judicis est judiciam sine dila Boni judicis est lites dirimere, ne lis CASUS Omissus et oblivioni datus dis- 249, n .57 56,59 37 buit quod jus alienum emit, 226, 265, 605 Certa debet esse intentio, et narratio, et certum fundamentum, et certa Certum est quod certum reddi potest, 481,485 2 See Judgment, U. S. v. Leffler, 11 Peters, R. (U. S.) 94, 95; 1. H. Bla. 597; 14 Johnson, R. (U. S.) * See 1 Story, Eq. Jurisp., 4th ed., 517. Chirographum apud debitorem repertum præsumitur solutum. (H. 20.) Clausulæ inconsuetæ semper inducunt suspicionem, Clausula generalis de residuo non ea complectitur quæ non ejusdem sint generis cum iis quæ speciatim dicta fuerant. (L. 419.) Clausula generalis non refertur ad expressa. (8 Rep. 154.) Clausula quæ abrogationem excludit ab initio non valet, . Clausula vel dispositio inutilis, per presumptionem vel causam remotam ex post facto non fulcitur, Cogitationis pœnam nemo patitur, Cohæredes una persona consentur propter unitatem juris quod habent. (Co. Litt. 163.) 217 24 521 228 104 Communis error facit jus, Conditio beneficialis quæ statum construit, benigné, secundum verborum intentionem est interpretanda; odiosa, autem, quæ statum destruit, strictè, secundum verborum proprietatem accipienda. (8 Rep. 90.) Conditio præcedens adimpleri debet priusquam sequatur effectus. (Co. Litt. 201.) Conditiones quælibet odiosæ; maxime autem contra matrimonium et commercium. (L. 644.) Confirmare nemo potest priusquam jus ei acciderit. (10 Rep. 48.) Confirmatio omnes supplet defectus, licet id quod actum est ab initio non valuit. (Co. Litt. 295, b.) Consensus, non concubitus, facit matrimonium, 379, 380, 388 Consensus tollit errorem, Consentientes et agentes pari pœnâ 100, 101, 103 plectentur. (5 Rep. 80.) 464 Consentire matrimonio non possunt infra annos nubiles. (5 Rep. 80.) Constructio legis non facit injuriam, Consuetudo ex certâ causâ rationabili usitata privat communem legem, 714 Consuetudo manerii et loci observanda Conventio privatorum non potest publico juri derogare. (W. 201.) Copulatio verborum indicat acceptationem in eodem sensu, 450 Corporalis injuria non recipit æstimationem de futuro, 208 Cujus est instituere ejus est abrogare, 681, n. Cum duo inter se pugnantia reperiuntur Cum principalis causa non consistit, ne 446 437 566 98, 100 135, 136 DEBILE fundamentum fallit opus, Debita sequuntur personam debitoris." (2 Kent, Com. 429.) Debitorum pactionibus creditorum petitio nec tolli nec minui potest, Debitum et contractus sunt nullius loci. (7 Rep. 61.) Deficiente uno non potest esse hæres. (G. 77.) De fide et officio judicis non recipitur quæstio, sed de scientiâ sive sit error juris sive facti, 545 61 De gratiâ speciali, certà scientià, et mero motu, talis clausula non valet in his in quibus præsumitur principem esse ignorantem. (1 Rep. 53.) Delegata potestas non potest delegari, 665 42 1 Where, for instance, a bill of exchange or promissory note is found in the possession of the drawee or maker, a presumption is raised that he has paid the money due upon the instrument; 1 Tayl. Ev. 117. See Phillips v. Warren, 14 M. & W. 379. As to the necessity of producing the bill in an action by the payee, see Ramuz v. Crowe, 1 Exch. 167. 2 Gosset v. Howard, cited post, p. 734. 3 "Personal property is subject to that law which governs the person of the owner. Debts and personal contracts have no locality:" 2 Kent, Com. 429. 4 See the note to Mostyn v. Fabrigas, 1 Smith, L. C., 340; Story, Confl. Laws, tit. "Contracts." |