not molefted or troubled on the faid fcore of confcience, provided they give no fcandal to others. And although the most renowned King of Portugal acknowledges he has no power to determine or difpofe of faith and religion, nevertheless, from a motive of amity and great affection, which he has for the most renowned King of Great Britain and the English nation, he will take care that the English, and the other fubjects of the faid King, have and enjoy as great liberty in the practice and exercise of their religion, in all the kingdoms, ftates, and territories of the King of Portugal, as fhall be allowed to the fubjects of any other Prince or Commonwealth whatfoever.

XVIII. That if it should happen afterwards (which God forbid) that any difficulties or doubts fhouldarife between the two moft renowned Kings, which might give occafion to apprehend the interruption of commerce and correspondence between their fubjects, public advice thereof fhall be given to the fubjects of both fides, in all and every the kingdoms, ftates, and provinces of both Kings: and after that notice given, they fhall be allowed two years, on both fides, to tranfport their merchandizes and goods; and that in the mean time there fhall be no injury or prejudice done to any perfons or goods on either fide.

XIX. And if, during the prefent peace and amity, any thing fhould be undertaken, committed, or done, contrary to the force and effect thereof, either by fea, land, or frefh-waters, by either of the forefaid Kings, their heirs or fucceffors, their fhips or fubjects; neverthelefs the prefent peace and amity fhall remain in its force and virtue, and only the contraveners and criminals fhall be punished for their contravention.

XX. It has been concluded and agreed, that the prefent peace and alliance fhall in no wife derogate from the alliances and confederacies formerly made and contracted between the most renowned King of Great Britain, and other Kings, Princes, and Commonwealths;

monwealths; but that the faid confederacies and alliances fhall be firmly preferved, and remain for the future in full force and virtue, the prefent treaty of peace notwithstanding.

XXI. Finally, it has been concluded, that the faid most renowned Kings, Charles of Great Britain, &c. and John the Fourth, King of Portugal, &c. fhall fincerely and faithfully obferve and keep, and cause their fubjects to obferve and keep, all and fingular the capitulations concluded and agreed in the present treaty; and that they fhall do nothing, directly or indirectly, contrary thereto; and that they will confirm and ratify all and every the conventions aforefaid, by their letters patent figned with their Royal signs, and fealed with their great feals, in good and due form; and deliver them, or caufe them to be delivered, faithfully, really, and effectually; and fhall reciprocally oblige themselves by promife, on the word of a King, that they fhall obferve and keep all and every the things above, as often as they fhall be thereto required by the one or the other party; and that they fhall caufe the prefent peace and amity to be published in the ufual manner, as foon as may be.

[The following is printed from the treaties 1732, volume iii. p. 97, collated with a Latin copy, in a book of the Board of Trade, intitled, " Entries re

lating to Portugal," and corrected in feveral material points. The fecret article is printed from a MS. copy, collated with the before-mentioned Latin copy.] The Treaty of Peace and Alliance between Oliver Cromwell, Protector of England, and John IV. King of Portugal. Made at Weftminster, the 10th of July, 1654.

I. THAT there fhall be a good, true, and firm peace between the Republic of England and the most

Serene

Serene King of Portugal, and between the countries, territories, kingdoms, dominions, and principalities under their refpective governments, and their people, fubjects, and inhabitants, of whatfoever condition, rank, and dignity, not only by land, but on the fea, rivers, and fresh-waters; in fuch manner that their faid people and fubjects fhall behave to each other with favour and affistance, mutual love and honest affection; and that neither of the faid parties, or their people, fubjects, or inhabitants, fhall commit or attempt any thing against the other, in any place, either by land or fea, or in the harbours or rivers of either, nor fhall confent or adhere to any war, counsel, or treaty, to the damage of the other, nor receive or harbour the rebels or fugitives of either, in any of the other's territories, kingdoms, dominions, ports, or borders.

II. That there fhall be a free commerce between the Republic of England and the King of Portugal, and their people, fubjects, and inhabitants, as well by land as on the fea, rivers, and fresh-waters, in all and fingular the countries, lands, dominions, territories, provinces, iflands, colonies, cities, towns, villages, ports, and borders, where commerce was heretofore or is at this time carried on, in fuch manner that the people, fubjects, and inhabitants of either may, without any fafe-conduct, or other general or fpecial licence, pafs by land and fea, by rivers and fresh-waters, to the aforefaid dominions and kingdoms, all their cities, towns, harbours, fhores, bays, and places, and enter the fame with carriages, horfes, packs, and veffels, Jaden or unladen, there to import, fell, and buy merchandize, and at a reasonable price to procure victuals, and what neceffaries they want for their ftay and voyage, to refit their fhips and carriages, whether their own, or fuch as are hired or lent, and with the fame liberty to depart from thence, with their goods, merchandize, and all other things whatfoever, either to their own or foreign countries, as they think fit, and

without

without any hinderance; faving nevertheless all the laws and ftatutes of each place.

III. That the people and inhabitants of this Republic fhall be at liberty to buy up all forts of wares, goods, and merchandize, and the fame to use and enjoy in the kingdoms, provinces, territories, and islands of the King of Portugal, at the first fale, either in parcels, or in whatsoever number and fize, when and wherefoever they please; neither fhall they be compelled to purchase them either of foreftallers or monopolifts, nor fhall they be circumfcribed to a fet price: they may also, at difcretion, fell, traffic, and freely transport any fort of goods, wares, and merchandize whatfoever, from the faid kingdoms and dominions, paying only the customs and conful's fees due for the goods exported, as they were paid the 10th of March O. S. and 20th N. S. in the year 1653, according to the English computation. But as to purchases and fales by the negotiation of brokers, the faid people of this Republic fhall enjoy and use the fame liberties, privileges, and exemptions as the Portuguese themfelves, and they shall be as well used at public fales and contracts, as the natives and countrymen, notwithstanding any former judicial determinations; and all privileges and immunities granted to the English at any time heretofore, by all or any of the Kings of Portugal, fhall be confirmed by an edict, to the end that the people and inhabitants of the faid Republic may enjoy them, together with all other privileges and immunities, which now are or hereafter fhall be granted to any nation, kingdom, or republic, in alliance with the faid King of Portugal.

IV. That as often as the people and inhabitants of this Republic arrive with their fhips at any of the harbours of the kingdom of Portugal, the faid people and inhabitants fhall not be compelled in the leaft, by the faid King's minifters, officers, and fubjects, to load or put on board their fhips any other fpecies or quanti

ties

ties of goods and merchandize, than what they think fit; and while they ftay there, only two officers or waiters, at most, fhall be placed upon their fhips; nor fhall there be any fruitlefs delay in the unlading them. And if the said ships and vessels laden with dry goods, are not unladen within ten days after their entrance into port, and those laden with fifh and provisions, within fifteen days, they fhall not be obliged to pay any ftipend, fum of money, or other reward, to the faid officers or waiters, nor fhall they pay any thing more than for the faid ten and fifteen days refpectively.

V. If the fubjects of the moft Serene King of Portugal, or others, within the kingdoms and government of the faid King, or their goods and merchandize, are feized, stopped, and detained, by the office of the court of inquifition, or the judges or minifters thereof, or by the King's exchequer, and it fo happen that they owe, or fhall owe, any money to any of the people of this Republic, the faid debts fhall be paid entirely out of the faid goods and merchandize, within fix months next after the faid attachment or feizure, without hinderance or moleftation from the faid court, or its judges or minifters; but if among the faid goods and merchandize so attached and feized, there remain any goods and merchandize of the faid people and inhabitants in fpecie, the fame fhall immediately be reftored to them.

VI. That the captains, mafters, officers, and mariners of the ships of this Republic, or of any of its people, fhall not fue, or in any wife moleft the faid fhips or people of this Republic, within the kingdoms and government of the King of Portugal, on account of their ftipend or falary, on pretence that they profefs the Romish religion; nor fhall they, under this or any other pretext, engage in the fervice of the King of Portugal, or in any other manner feparate from the other fhips in their company: and if they offend in this point, an account fhall be taken of their names,

and