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"the boiler, cylinder, piston and valves; by this 66 means, the locomotive is rendered light and “portable, but at the same time there is required "the action of an intense heating power within a "small compass. The railroad from the City of "London to Blackwall, though a short one, is an "interesting one, from the admirable system "adopted, no locomotive engines are used, the "trains being pulled by ropes, moved by sta❝tionary engines, at each end of the line. Though "the line is a short one, there are several inter"mediate stations where passengers get out and ❝in, and when a train starts from London it pro❝ceeds in the following order, each station having its own carriage and each carriage its driver. "The carriage for Blackwall goes first, then the one "for Poplar, the one for the West India Docks, "Stepney, &c. the carriage for Stepney being the "nearest station to London goes last, and as the "train approaches the Stepney station, the driver "turns his carriage off, while the rest of the train 66 goes on without stopping, thus carriage by car

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riage is turned off, the rest proceeding unchecked, "and the intermediate stations being all passed, the "Blackwall carriage arrives alone, and with as "much rapidity as if it started singly, danger of "collision is thus rendered impossible, and a "whole train of carriages is not placed at the "discretion of a single man, as in the case with "trains drawn by locomotives. There is also an

"electric telegraph, by which constant and almost "instantaneous communication is maintained be"tween the termini, and a casual question being "asked in the London station house will have an "answer in a few seconds from Blackwall, the "length of the railroad being nearly four miles."

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It may not be amiss here to mention that upon the great railroads, the London and Lancaster for instance, there is a travelling post office in which the bags of letters are received from the several post towns and are sorted immediately by one or more clerks and the several bags of letters sealed up and delivered as they pass along the post office travelling upon the Birmingham railroad cost £600. it is fifteen feet, three inches long, seven feet, seven inches wide, and is six feet ten inches in height, the carriage is fitted internally with nests of pigeon holes to receive the letters as sorted, with drawers, desks and pegs and is divided in the middle by a partition, and the guard and mail bags that are to go through are in the hindermost part, the clerks keep on sorting and arranging the letters during the journey, and the guards tie up and exchange the mail bags. A Mr. J. Ramsay contrived the following ingenious process, by which the bags of letters are received and given out, without stopping the train or slackening the speed, for this purpose attached to the near side of the office is an iron frame with a piece of net, which is expanded as they approach

a post office station to receive a bag from the arm of a standard at the side of the road, at the same moment that a bag is delivered into the net, another is let down from the office by the machine; and thus an exchange of bags is instantly effected. The speed of the mail trains on the Birmingham railway, is as follows, from London to Birmingham five hours, a stoppage of eight minutes is allowed at Tring, ten minutes at Wolverton, three minutes at Weedon and nine minutes at Coventry; making a total of twenty-five minutes occupied by the stoppages, and only four hours and thirty-five minutes in performing the journey of one hundred and twelve miles and a quarter; according to the Parliamentary report the price for conveying the mails on the London and Birmingham railway, is settled by arbitration, namely from the first of May, 1839, at £24. 4s. and 4d. per day, or £10,340. per year, for a day mail up and down, and a night mail up and down, for this the contractors provide the post office carriages and convey each trip a guard and two clerks; the contract is for three years and the weight carried nearly ten tons.

We have written a long article upon railroads and we have only got as far as Slough in our way down to Egham. We walked with our friend Captain Hopkins to his residence at Maidenhead, is was a neat small cottage, and which we should call a Bungalow, with the

River Thames on one side and a beautiful piece of garden on the other. The situation was very lonely but pleasant, the English are particularly fond of such quiet and rural habitations, and here they generally contrive to amuse themselves by gardening, growing vegetables, and fruits for their own use, and flowers to adorn and beautify the place, and render it cheerful by their various and beautiful colours; many, even as gentlemen living independently, dig the ground with their own hands, and in fact go through all the duties of a gardener merely to pass away their time. Having taken some refreshments at our friend's house we had a post chaise and went to Windsor; the castle has for very many centuries been the residence of the Kings and Queens of England. It is in Berkshire, twenty-one miles west of London. Windsor Forest is fifty-six miles in circumference, the Great Park contains near four thousand acres and the Little Park about five hundred acres of ground. The castle is upon an eminence commanding a fine view of the Thames, and is surrounded by a terrace extending nearly two thousand yards, it has within the last twenty years had immense sums expended upon its alterations, and is now a palace which has no equal in the world for magnificence and convenience. The long

walk in the Park is considered the most beautiful thing of its sort in Europe, a perfectly straight road runs from the principal entrance of the

castle to the top of a commanding hill in the Great Park, called Snow Hill, a distance of more than three miles; upon each side of this walk or road is a double row of fine old elm trees but they are passed their prime and in a few years will decay and be blown down.

It will no doubt strike the mind of those whose business it is to attend to this matter, at once to plant others, that when in the course of nature these trees have disappeared others will spring up and take their places. It is very beautiful to look along this immense straight road with its beautiful fringe of vegetation; and upon the hill, at the end of the walk, the prospect is of vast extent, and embraces a highly interesting district. Windsor Castle is at the feet of the beholder; on the left is beautiful forest scenery; to the right runs the Thames towards Richmond; on whose surface you will see the light pleasure boats gliding along with parties, who have quitted London, and its smoke and noise, to have a little pure air-to unbend the mind-to behold the varied and beautiful scenery which is to be so much admired all the way from London. And oh, how diversified is that which meets the eye from the summit of this hill! We can, in the different glimpses which we catch of the Thames, see the small steam boats which are constructed for passing through the numerous bridges, decorated with their gaily floating flags with which they

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