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Penlline and Tithegston, and all his other lands and tenements in trust, for his son Richard, and Margaret his wife. Richard, the younger, died without children, and Margaret, his widow, who married secondly Watkin Hews, carried with her a life estate in the manor of Newton Nottage and thirty-eight acres to the east of Wick. After John's death in 1533, the "long strife," to which Leland alludes, arose between Christopher, son of Jenkin, and Gwenllian, daughter of John Turberville, married to Watkin Lougher. The first award in this dispute was made at Gloucester, June 19, 1535, by Roland, Bishop of Coventry and Lichfield, President of the Council of the Marches of Wales, and Sir Thomas Englefield, Justice of the Common Pleas; this decision gave the reversion of the whole property, in default of heirs, to the survivor of the two cousins; it satisfied neither claimant; it ordered all original deeds, &c., to be put in "a fir chest, and to be locked with two locks and two keys," one key to be kept by each party and their heirs; "the said chest to be brought to the Abbaye of Neth, and there to be left and remain for ever in the custody and keeping of the Abbot there." Eleven years after this, (the abbey having been twice dissolved, and Alice Raglan the mother, and Watkin Lougher the husband, of Gwenllian, being dead,) a second and final award was made. The parties were bound mutually to abide by it, under a penalty of 1000 marks. The arbitrators, Miles Mathew, Esquire, of Llandaff, and William Turberville, parson of Landyvodwg, 20th June, 1546, awarded (1.) to Christopher Turberville the manors of Penlline and North Cornely, or the Hall, with all other lands in Newcastle, Coity land, Kenfig, Ogmore, with manor of Llangan, and a tenement called Court y Gwillim, and all lands of Alice Raglan, mother of Gwenllian, with reversion of the fourth part of the manor of West Orchard, then held for life by Margaret Hews; (2.) to Gwenllian, and her son Richard, the manor of Tithegston, with its appurtenances in Laleston and Merthyr Mawr, and all the lands there, and the reversion of the manor of Newton Nottage, with the thirty-eight

acres at Wick. Thus was this protracted "strife" finally terminated. The Inquisitio post mortem held at Cardiff, 16th May, 1559, shows that Gwenllian survived her son (3.) Richard, whose will bears date 1555, and was succeeded by Watkin, her grandson (1 Elizæ.) 1559.

LINE OF LOUGHER CONTINUED.

(4.) Watkin is described as about eighteen, and married to Katherine, daughter of Robert Gamage, Esq., and presented as heir. He was obliged to contest his turn in the presentation to Newton with Philip Earl of Pembroke, and succeeded. He was appointed Eschaeter in 1587, and maintained a long contest with Sir William Herbert of Swansea, as is noticed before. Dying in 1608, he was succeeded by his eldest son, (5.) Richard, who seems to have been much hampered by a deed of his father, and his bequests to his second son Robert. This Robert had a son named John, but must be distinguished from the Loughers of Tenby.5 Richard Lougher was engaged in several unfortunate suits; first, with Sir Thomas Mansel, of Margam, who exchequered him for calling him "worse than Tyrone," in a dispute at Pyle, with his hay-ward, relative to impounding some cattle on Newton Down, "so that the said Thomas is damnified to the

4 William Jenkin, the third husband of Elizabeth, daughter of Sir George Matthew of Radyr, relict of Richard Lougher, is said to be "of Tithegston," in the List of Sheriffs, A.D. 1566. Her second husband was a Lutterell. Her daughter Jennet married George Williams, of Blaen Baglan, son of W. Jenkin.

5 Robert Lougher, of All Souls' College, Oxon, (D.C.L. 14th February, 1564-5,) married Elizabeth Rastall, descended from Sir Thomas More's sister. He was principal of New Inn, soon after Queen's Professor of Civil Law and Chancellor of Exeter; in 1577, he was constituted Vicar-General and Official of Edwin, Archbishop of York. Obiit 1583, leaving a son, John.-Wood's Fasti, vi. p. 722. The Richard Lougher of Tithegston, who died in 1555, had a son and grandson named Robert, but it is probable that the Tenby Loughers, and those of Devon, were earlier offsets from the same stem of Goronwy ap Evan ap Leyson. Thomas Lougher was six times mayor of Tenby.

value of a thousand pound." Afterwards he was engaged in a suit with Moris Mathew, of Glyn Ogwr, and Jane his wife, relative to the abstraction of certain deeds, &c., from his study at Tithegston; with Sir Edward Stradling as guardian of W. Watkin; with Fleming, in 1629, and with David Jenkins, Esq. He was also made Escheator, 20th November, 19 James I., 1621. His will was proved in 1630. (6.) Watkin, his eldest son, who succeeded, was sheriff of Glamorgan, 1635, when Charles I. was making his fatal experiment of ruling without a Parliament. 26th June, 1635, he received his discharge for "Contributions to the Repairs of St. Paul's Church:" then" for Storks for His Majesty's Household in the ten Hundreds of Glamorgan.' His chief trouble, however, seems to have been occasioned in levying the impost called "SHIP MONEY." This tax was preceded by a Commission from the Court of Chancery, for making an assessment of the maritime counties of Wales, Chester and Lancashire. The Mayors, Aldermen and High Sheriffs accordingly met, nominally to provide a ship of 400 tons burden. The levy is for £2,204 in the second assessment. These documents derive interest from the autographs attached. That of Humfrey Chetham (founder of the Library at Manchester); William Glyn, high

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6 "The scandalous words whereby the sd Plaintiff is brought and fallen into great infamy with the Queen & Peers of the Land & his neighbours, so as to affect his credit," were published in a lane at Pyle to this effect:-"Y mae Arglwydd tir yw cynddrwg ag Arglwydd Tyrone." Perhaps a paronomasia on tir, land, and oen, a sheep, was meant; even if so, the damages were laid at a heavy amount. Queen Elizabeth's bitter feelings towards the Earl of Tyrone are intimated in Harrington's Nuga Antiquæ, p. 46:-" Her Highness stamps with her feet at all near, and thrusts her rusty Sword, at times, into the Arras in great rage."

7 Sir John Stradling, M.P. for Glamorgan, 1625, addresses one of his Epigrams, (lib. i. p. 37,) sportively alluding to his love of law, "Ad Ric: Lougher, Cogn' et Amicum. "Latinitas Juridica.

"Terr', prat', pasc', past', tu, ram, tum, cûm, rasque subaudi: Syllaba prima sonat, posteriorque silet.

Curta solæcismos fugit ista locutio turpes;

Crimine prima carent, ultima cauta cavent."

ARCH. CAMB., NEW SERIES, Vol. IV.

2 K

sheriff of Caernarvon; Robt. Williamson, "maior de Liverpoole; John Scourfield, sheriff of Pembroke,” and others, are interesting.

"

Watkin Lougher, who prudently did not appear at Chester in person, writes loyally that for his trouble he shall hold your Majesty's gracious acceptance as an honour, and more than a sufficient recompense;" whilst Arthur Lloyd, his deputy and under-bailiff of Cardiff, deplores his hardships from the severe weather of 1634-5,

My labour and the labour of my cousin Roberts in wearing out our bodies and clothes, hinderance and loss of time at home, and the spoyling of my Gelding for ever, which stood me in £8;" adding significantly,"God send you & me well to do in this troublesome office, & to go out of it in safety. In haste from Cardiff this Snowy, could, frosty Morninge." A subsequent Grievance Meeting at Cowbridge justified this rather gloomy foreboding.

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(7.) Richard Lougher, his eldest son, the last of that name of Tithegston and Newton, succeeded in 1651. John Lougher, the youngest son, was of Oxford, M.A., June 12, 1672. He was a prebendary of Llandaff, rector of Sully, and vicar of Llantrissant. Ob. 3rd February, 1695, and is buried at Peterston-super-montem. He married the daughter of Powell, of Henderwen; his grand-daughter, Florence Lougher, was the first wife of Richard Turbervill, Esq., of Ewenny Priory. (The son

8 A document containing "The Names of all the Freeholders within every parish of the Ten Hundreds of the County of Glamorgan, in the year that Watkin Lougher was High Sheriff, 1634," has been printed by me for "The Neath Institution," in 1849. It seems to have been drawn up with reference to Ship Money. Liverpool, Cardiff and Caermarthen were rated at the same amount for this impost, viz., £15, and the county of Glamorgan at £200. The ten freeholders in Newton Nottage in 1634, were as follows:

John Nicholas,
Lewis Thomas,

Edward John,

William Water,
John Richard,

Laurence Phelip,
Thomas Cradocke,

Rees William,

David Thomas,

Thomas ap John Robin.

of Edward Turbervill, of Sutton, by his second wife, Jane Carne, of Ewenny.)

Richard Lougher was sheriff in 1655, and again in 1696. He married Cecil, daughter of Judge Jenkins, of Hensol; she died in 1686. The judge, who speaks affectionately of his "son Lougher," left him his titledeeds, to be given up to his heir, David Jenkins, after the expiry of two successive leases of five years each to his grand-daughters, Mary Thomas, and Cecil Lougher. The lease for the behoof of the former having expired in 1667, David Jenkins proceeded against his niece and her father for detaining his "box of evidences." The court, in 1672, ordered a particular of

9 Judge Jenkins, termed "Heart of Oak," and "Pillar of the Law," was certainly a remarkable man. As he had some property at Nottage, a short notice of him may be allowed. He was of St. Edmund's Hall, Oxford, in 1597, and soon after a barrister of Gray's Inn. He was next made one of the judges of South Wales. After the breaking out of the civil war, as a staunch loyalist, he was captured at Hereford, in December, 1645, and thence sent prisoner to the Tower. By his refusal to kneel at the bar of the House of Commons, he incurred a fine of £1000 from that republican body. After a remand to Newgate, on an impeachment for treason, he was transferred to Wallingford Castle for safe custody. He declared the seal of the Chancery counterfeit. In 1650 an act passed for his trial in the so-called "High Court of Justice." Still undaunted, he said that if condemned, he would die "with the Bible under one arm, and Magna Charta under the other." Henry Martin, no great friend of the Parliament, befriended him, and after imprisonment at Windsor Castle, he was set free in 1656, and joined the congregation of Dr. Edward Hyde, at Holywell, Oxford. On the Restoration, it was expected that he would have been raised to the highest legal honours. Instead of this, he returned in peace to his restored estates in Glamorgan, and, like another Barzillai, was gathered to his ancestors in his own land. He was buried in Cowbridge, 4th December, 1663. His imprisonment gave him leisure for several powerful tracts, legal and political, according to Birkenhead's nervous verses under his portrait,

"Here Jenkins stands, who thundering from the Tower,
Shook the bold Senate's legislative power;

Six of whose words whole reams of votes exceed,
As mountains moved by grains of mustard seed;
Thus gasping Laws were rescued from the snare:
He who would save a Crown must know-and dare."

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