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Among the successors of Maelgwyn, though after the lapse of 500 years, we find chieftains of the same lineage in possession of Llys Eurun, among whom may be mentioned the well known Ednyfed Fychan, who either rebuilt Llys Eurun, or added considerably to it; and to him must probably be ascribed the extensive ruins seen there at this day, according to the account given by H. Hughes, a native artist born on the spot, in his Beauties of Cambria. Henry VII., who founded the Tudor branch of the English monarchy, was a lineal descendant of Ednyfed Fychan, and most of the old members of this illustrious Gwehelyth will be found located within the districts of Creuddyn, Cororion and Dindaethwy.

On Bryn Pabo, within a mile to the south of Bryn Eurun, may be seen, quasi in embryo, the formation of the two sees of Bangor and Elwy, both of which were richly endowed with lands, together with the mines and minerals of this Californian region, by Maelgwyn; and had the produce been properly laid out to meet the exigencies of a future age in the foundation of schools and colleges, would have supplied the most ample fund in Europe for educational purposes, and superseded the begging system of modern times. The name of Pabo would then have become a Post Prydain of strength to support the fabric of a church, in addition to the honour of supplying the two first dignitaries who presided over these sees, viz., Deiniol and Asaph.

To the east of Bryn Eurun, and within a mile or two, is a very remarkable locality of some extent, which has given birth to legends connected with the fame of Maelgwyn, of a most extraordinary character. These are embodied in one of the Mabinogion, and said to have been remodelled about the year 1370, from traditionary legends of an earlier date. These fables, however, are easily traced to the grave of Tydain Tad Awen and the neighbouring localities, and may be pronounced as the productions of the bardic phantom of Taliesin.

Between Bryn Eurun and Gogarth, or Orme's Head, is Morfa Rhianedd, from whence issued the pestilential miasma called the Fâd Felen, which is said to have terminated the earthly career of Maelgwyn Gwynedd. To the east is Pwll y Crochan, which furnished the legend of Ceridwen and her incantations, the Medea of the Welsh Awen, which sent the author of the Celtic Researches a woolgathering into the boundless regions of the Helioarkite theory, the very Afagddu or Plutonic abode of the bardic philosophy. Cored Gwyddno was substituted for Cored Maelgwyn, near Llys Ellis ap Glannawg, at the mouth of the Conway, in compliment to the school of Glamorgan; and Bedd Taliesin was removed to the neighbourhood of Corsfochno, to suit the convenience of the bards of that district. Gwian Vach was fetched from Castle Caer Einon to create an interest in the legend among the bards of Powys; but where Elfin was born and bred, will not be discovered on this side of Bedd Taliesin in Tir Aberteifi, the fair fronted bard of the whole Princi

pality, although it appears that the Castle of Digannwy was fitted out and furnished for his especial accommodation.

It is now high time that I should quit Creuddyn, which I do with regret, in order to cross the Menai, near the Dutchman's Bank, and take a turn in Anglesey, promising to repeat my visit as soon as I can spare time.

The first object I meet with is that of an interesting fort, which has been described in some of the early numbers of the Archæologia Cambrensis, by the pen, it is supposed, of the originator of this periodical, under the initials H. L. J. The common name by which it is known is Castell Lleiniog, or rather, as it ought to be spelt, Castell Lleenog. The name implies that it was built by Lleenog, the father of Gwallawg, whose sepulchral urn can no longer be called in question, on the bank of the brook of Carrog in Arfon.

It may be inferred that Lleenog was one of the native princes of Cumbria, who fought under the banner of Caswallon Law Hir, and was instrumental in the expulsion of the Picts and Saxons from Mon and Arfon, and the restoration of order and subordination under the government of Maelgwyn Gwynedd, who succeeded to the throne of Caswallon. The name is recognized at this day under the title of the Earl of Lennox, and his territorial possessions may be traced on both sides of the Clyde, under the designation of Ael-clwyd, that is, the brow or heights of the Clwyd. This subject I shall resume in some future number. Din Britton, at the western termination of the wall of Antoninus, was one of the strongholds of the Romanized Britons, and Mount Caterach, on the opposite side of the Clyde, was in alĺ probability the scene of the battle of Cattraeth.

Doubts have been expressed on the authority of the poems of Taliesin from the occurrence of the word Llanlleenog, whether after all this was merely the name of some church. I have, I trust, sufficiently proved that Lleenog was a Caledonian chieftain of flesh and blood, capable of wielding the sceptre and the sword. To him we are mainly indebted for the settlement of Dindaethwy, within the circuit of which, under the protection of Castell Lleenog, we find the oldest mansions of the descendants of Ednyfed Vychan, namely, Penwynllys, Trefcastell, Penmynydd and Aurddreiniog.

Craig-y-Dinas, May 20, 1853.

CILMYN.

[We are sorry to see so many bare assertions introduced into this letter, without the slightest attempt having been made to substantiate them. One paragraph we deemed it our duty to suppress, as containing matter quite irrelevant to the subject under consideration. We do hope that our correspondent will endeavour in future to avoid all such unnecessary extravagancies.-ED. ARCH. CAMB.]

Miscellaneous Notices.

INSCRIBED STONES, ABERMO BAY.

(See Archæologia Cambrensis, 1853, p. 79.)

I HAVE known this neighbourhood all my life, and never heard of more than one inscribed stone here; nor does it appear that, so long ago as the time of Pennant, there were more than that which is now to be seen just above high water mark, under the farm-house called Ceilwart. When Pennant wrote, it formed a foot-bridge over a rill which there discharges itself into the sea. It now lies by the side of the rill, and is frequently almost covered by the drifting sand, and close to it a new stone has been placed across the stream for the benefit of pedestrians. Pennant read the inscription upon the stone as follows:-Hic jacet CALIXTUS Monedo Regi. Whatever it may have been in his time, there is not now, certainly, the slightest trace of Hic jacet. My friend, Mr. Jones Parry, of Madryn Park, high authority upon such subjects, reads the inscription, CÆLEXTVS MONEDO REGI, and a great part of that reading I can certainly clearly decipher; but what is its meaning? I shall feel much obliged to any of your readers who can offer a conjecture upon the subject. The characters are undoubtedly Roman, and the stone does not appear to be a fragment. I have careful rubbings of it, which I should be happy to lend to any one desirous of seeing them. I have somewhere read, and am sorry that I cannot at this moment recollect where, that this stone was found below high water mark, at Cerrig Duon, a bed of shingles, between the spot where it now lies, and Barmouth. W. W. E. W.、

March 26, 1853.

"TEG. YW. HEDWCH."

A monumental tablet to William Noy, Esq., of Cornwall, A.D. 1620. What is the meaning of the above motto? Is it Welsh or Cornish?

The above was given me by Dr. O'Donovan, the Gaelic antiquary, with a request that it should be forwarded to some Welsh gentleman who might be able to say whether the inscription were Welsh. Perhaps some of your readers would oblige me by deciphering it. H. F. H. [Unquestionably it is Welsh of the simplest kind, and means literally 'peace is pleasant."-ED. ARCH. CAMB.]

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A CORRESPONDENT makes an inquiry concerning information with regard to the mother of Lady Pryse, of Gogerddan, widow of Vandyke, and daughter of Patrick Ruthven, fifth son of William, first Earl of Gowrie, by Elizabeth Lady Gerrard, relict of the Lord Gerrard, of Bramley, President of Wales, who died in 1618.-We shall be obliged to any of our friends who will furnish any particulars of this lady.

Beddgelert.-On Wednesday the 20th April, as the sexton was opening a grave in the churchyard of Beddgelert, he turned up about twenty-four silver coins of Henry III., in a good state of preservation. "HENRICUS REX III." can be easily deciphered. The head is full faced, and crowned; the sceptre can be traced. The crown consists of a pretty thick line, raised at each end, with a cross in the middle above the line. On the reverse are three pellets, in the form of a triangle, and a large double line cross continued to the outer rim.

SOCIETY FOR THE PRESERVATION AND PUBLICATION OF THE MELODIES OF IRELAND.-We are glad to find that the Council have completed arrangements with the President, George Petrie, Esq., LL.D., M.R.I.A., for the printing of his splendid collection, which consists of about five hundred unpublished airs, carefully selected from the results of many years' investigation; and if the Society obtain the amount of support it deserves, they hope to complete the printing of Dr. Petrie's work in two years.

DENBIGH NOTES.-Leland (Itin. 1536-42) states that the park at Denbigh was called Moel evig, "bald hyndes;" here is just the same mistranslation as that mentioned in vol. iv. p. 66, and half a century earlier than the 1594 rebus. Pennant gives "Moylewike," as one of the five parks of the lordship, time Henry VI. (1422–61), and a Peake married a Vaughan of Moulewig Park, county Denbigh, in February, 1639-40. I do not see the name in the Ordnance Map. With regard to the ruin of Foxhall, vol. iv. p. 69, it would appear from Pennant that it is only one wing of a design of John Panton, Recorder of Denbigh and M.P., 1592 and 1601, and that it was afterwards bought by the Rosindales of the true or old Foxhall, adjoining. I have no note of the Panton pedigree as being in any MS., but about a generation earlier, Henry Panton, of county Denbigh, married Jane Peake. Pennant alludes to the epitaph of Sir Peter Mutton (1637) in Henllan Church; query, is it existing? Llanerch (vol. iii. New Series, p. 152) was sometimes called Lleweni fechan, and Lleweni issa; about 1500 it was the residence of Ievan ap Llewelyn Vychan, his son was Griffith ap Ievan, whose daughter married John Mutton, father of Sir Peter, who married Ellen, widow of Evan Griffith, of Pengwern, and purchased Llanerch of his uncle Edward Gryffydd. (See Burke's Landed Gentry, Supplement, p. 186, and Pennant.) A Vaughan would appear to have lived at Llanerch about 1565 [?]-(Peake Pedigree.) It is stated in Cambria Depicta, 1813, that a sun-dial at Llanerch was so contrived as to spout water in the face of an intruder, and on it was,

"Alas! my friend, time will soon overtake you,

And if you do not fly, by G-d I'll make you."

Maesmynan appears to have belonged to a branch of the Salusburys about 1540.-(Peake Pedigree.) Robert Massy was there in 1554, (vol. iii. New Series, p. 69,) and a family of Lloyds, described of it,

about 1770.

Reviews.

THE HISTORY OF WALES FROM THE EARLIEST TIMES, TO ITS FINAL INCORPORATION WITH THE KINGDOM OF ENGLAND. By B. B. WOODWARD, B.A. Parts 13-25. London: G. Virtue. This work is at length completed, much, no doubt to the satisfaction of the author, who seems to have had an object in view when he wrote it, other than that of presenting the public with a faithful picture of the past history of Wales. When, some time ago, we perused the first parts, we entertained a hope that, notwithstanding certain disqualifications which we noticed as likely to prevent Mr. Woodward from ever distinguishing himself as a Celtic annalist, he would at least endeavour to execute the task he had taken in hand faithfully and with impartiality, and we thought that we discovered indications of such an aim. As we waded, however, through the latter chapters, our disappointment arose and increased at every step, for we saw plainly that facts were suppressed, invented and distorted, to suit the anti-Welsh prejudices of the author. Undoubtedly the main purport of the present undertaking is to abolish the nationality which still characterizes the descendants of Caractacus, Arthur, and the great Llewelyn. Hence his burning indignation at the existence of the language which they spoke, and his sneering attack upon the "pride of ancestry," which he finds the Welsh still glorying in, and both of which, more than anything else, mark them as a distinct race. But we venture to predict that in his miserable attempt he will utterly fail, as others who have used the same weapons before him have failed; for he little knows the Celtic temperament, if he thinks that it will yield to ridicule, and scoffing, and falsehood. Such, let us tell him, are much more likely to have a contrary effect, even as it has been already reported to us that some of those persons whose names are complimented in the preface, feel anything but pleased with the distinction which has associated them with a work so very different in character to what they were led at first to expect.

It indicates no small amount of self-sufficiency, if not presumption, in a man, a stranger withal, unacquainted with the native records, to attempt a historical picture of the Principality; but the most amusing part of all is, that he should pretend not only to criticize the said documents, but even to pass judgment upon translations thereof! Can absurdity go further?

Mr. Woodward calls the genealogies of the Welsh a "rage," "inventions," and "rejoices that this mania of suppositious antiquities is declining.' We confess that this looks very like an illustration of the fable of the fox and grapes, and we are inclined to apply to the author that cutting but just remark of old Humphrey Llwyd:-" Let such disdainful heads, as scant know their own grandfathers, leave their scoffing and taunting of Welshmen, for that thing that all other nations in the world do glory in."

Mr. Woodward should have studied the history of Wales a little ARCH. CAMB., NEW SERIES, VOL. IV. 2 F

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