1899 General Lawton's victories in the Philippines, June. 66 66 66 66 66 66 66 Disarmament proposal of the Czar Nicholas II. Russification of Finland. Reopening of the Dreyfus case. Second trial and conviction of Captain Dreyfus. Boer ultimatum and opening of the British-Boer War, October 9-11. Boer invasion of Cape Colony and Natal, October 11. 66 Battle of Glencoe, October 20. 66 66 Sieges of Kimberley, Mafeking and Ladysmith. Battle of San Jacinto, in the Philippines, November 4. 66 Battle of Belmont, South Africa, November 22, 23. 66 Battle of Graspan, November 25. 66 Battle of the Modder River, November 28. 66 66 Final overthrow of the Khalifa at Gedid by the British, November 29. 66 Battle of Magersfontein, December 11. 66 Battle of Colenso, December 15. 66 Death of General Lawton in the Philippines, December 19. 1900 Battles of Colesburg and Sunnyside, South Africa, January 1. Generals Wheaton's and Schwan's successes, January. 66 66 66 66 Beginning of Guerrilla warfare in the Philippines January. British repulse at Spion Kop, January 23, 24. 66 British repulse at Vaal Krantz, February 5-8. 66 Relief of Kimberley, February 14. 66 Battles around Paardeburg, February 18-27. 66 66 Conje's surrender to Lord Roberts, February 27. 66 Relief of Ladysmith, February 28. 66 Capture of Bloemfontein, March 13. Siege and relief of Wepener, March and April. Relief of Mafeking, May 17. Occupation of Johannesburg by Lord Roberts, May 31. 66 Boxer outbreak in China and siege of the foreign legations at Pekin, 66 June-August. Murder of Baron von Ketteler, Germany's Minister in Pekin, June 20. 66 German expedition to China. 1900 Assassination of King Humbert of Italy, July 29. 66 66 Accession of Victor Emmanuel III. as King of Italy, July 30. 66 66 Rescue of the besieged legations by the forces of Great Britain, France, Commonweath of Australia established. 66 British Ministry sustained by the Parliamentary elections, September. 66 Russian occupation of Manchuria. 66 66 Prince Hohenlohe succeeded as German Chancellor by Count von Bülow, Reëlection of President McKinley, November 6. 1901 Death of Queen Victoria, January 22. 66 66 66 66 66 66 66 66 66 66 66 66 66 Accession of Edward VII. as King of Great Britain and Ireland and Emperor of India, January 23. Queen Victoria's funeral, February 2. President McKinley's inauguration, March 4. Capture of Aguinaldo, March 23. Death of the Dowager Empress Victoria of Germany, August 6. Bellarmino's surrender, July 4. President McKinley shot by Leon Czolgosz, September 6. Death of President McKinley, September 14. Vice President Roosevelt sworn in as President, September 14. British war with the Mad Mullah of Somaliland. Outbreaks in Russian cities. 66 Finland's extinction. Coronation of King Alfonso XIII. of Spain, May 17. 66 66 Moro revolt. 66 66 66 66 Volcanic eruptions in the island of Martinique, May. 66 66 66 66 66 66 66 66 Isthmian Canal Bill passed by the United States Congress, June. Anti-Turkish revolts in Macedonia and Albania, July. Lord Salisbury's retirement and Balfour's succession, July 13. British victories over the Mad Mullah of Somaliland. Anthracite coal strike in Pennsylvania. 1903 Usurpation of King Alexander of Servia. 66 66 66 Assassination of King Alexander and Queen Draga of Servia, June 11. Election of Pope Pius X., August 4. 1904 Russo-Japanese War begun, February 8. 66 Louisiana Purchase Exposition at St. Louis, April 30-September. 66 Battle near Port Arthur, July. 66 66 66 British Indian occupation of Lassa, Thibet, August. Reëlection of President Roosevelt, November 8. German war in South-west Africa. 1905 Fall of Port Arthur, January 2. 66 66 66 President Roosevelt's second inauguration, March 4. Great Japanese naval victory in the China Sea, May 27, 28. 66 Peace of Portsmouth, September 5. 66 Prince Charles of Denmark elected King of Norway as Hakon VII., 1906 Christian IX. of Denmark died; succeeded by Frederick VIII., January. San Francisco wrecked by an earthquake, April 18. 66 66 66 Election Disputes in Cuba; United States assumed control, September. 1907 Church and State Separation Law promulgated in France, January. 66 66 66 Emperor of Korea abdicated, July 19. 1908 Carlos of Portugal assassinated; succeeded by Manuel II., February. Constitution of 1876 restored in Turkey and parliament granted, July 24. William H. Taft elected President of the United States, November 3. 66 Pu-Yi became Emperor of China under name of Hsuan Tung in December. 1909 Commander Robert E. Peary, of the United States Navy, discovered the North Pole, April 6. 66 66 Revolution in Turkey in April. Sultan Abdul Hamid deposed. Mehmed Albert I. became King of Belgium upon death of King Leopold, 1910 Death of Edward VII., King of Great Britain and Ireland, May 6. George V. succeeded. 66 Federation of British Colonies in South Africa proclaimed May 31. 1911 Arizona and New Mexico admitted to statehood in August. 66 Roald Amundsen discovered South Pole in December. 1912 Abdication of Chinese Emperor, Pu Yi, and Manchu dynasty ended 1912 Frederick VIII., King of Denmark, died May 14. 66 66 Christian X. Succeeded by Mutsuhito, Emperor of Japan, died July 30. Prince Yoshihito succeeded. Woodrow Wilson elected President United States, November 5. 1913 Parcels Post began in United States, January 1. 66 66 66 66 A. D. Peace treaty signed by Turkey and Balkan nations, August 10. SOVEREIGNS AND RULERS OF MODERN NATIONS. 42 St. Peter (crucified). 66 St. Clement I. 78 St. Cletus (martyred). 91 St. Clement II. (abdicated). 100 St. Evaristus (martyred). 109 St. Alexander I. (martyred). 119 St. Sixtus I. (martyred). 127 St. Telesphorus (martyred). 139 St. Hyginus. 142 St. Pius I. (martyred). 157 St. Anicetus. 168 St. Soterus (martyred). 177 St. Eleutherius. 193 St. Victor I. (martyred). 202 St. Zephyrinus. 219 St. Calixtus I. (martyred). 222 A Vacancy. 223 St. Urban I. (beheaded). 230 St. Pontianus (banished). 235 St. Anterus (martyred). 236 St. Fabian (martyred). 250 A Vacancy. 251 St. Cornelius. 252 St. Lucius I. (martyred). 253 St. Stephen I. (martyred). 257 St. Sixtus II. (martyred). 258 A Vacancy. 259 St. Dionysius. 269 St. Felix I. (died in prison). 275 St. Eutychianus. 283 St. Caius. 296 St. Marcellinus. 304 A Vacancy. 308 St. Marcellus (banished). 310 St. Eusebius. 311 St. Milchiades. 314 St. Sylvester I. THE POPES. A. D. 336 St. Marcus. 337 St. Julius I. 359 Liberius again (martyred). 398 St. Anastasius I. 402 St. Innocent I. 417 St. Zozimus. 418 St. Boniface I. 422 St. Celestine. 432 Sixtus III. 440 St. Leo I. the Great. 461 St. Hilary. 468 St. Simplicius. 483 St. Felix III. 492 St. Gelasius I. 496 St. Athanasius II. 498 Symmachus. 498 Laurentius, anti-pope. 514 Hormisdas. 523 John I. 526 Felix IV. 530 Boniface II. 533 John II. 535 Agapetus I. 536 St. Silverius (banished). 537 Vigilius. 555 Pelagius I. 560 John III. 573 A Vacancy. 574 Benedict I. 578 Pelagius 11. 590 St. Gregory I. the Great. 604 Sabinianus. 606 Boniface III. 607 Boniface IV. 649 Martin I. 654 Eugenius I. 657 Vitalianus. 672 Adeodatus. 676 Domnus I. 678 St. Agathon. 682 St. Leo II. 683 A Vacancy. 684 Benedict II. 685 John V. 686 Conon. 687 Sergius I. 701 John VI. 705 John VII. 708 Sisinnius. 898 John IX. 900 Benedict IV. 903 Leo V. (died in prison). 903 Christopher. 904 Sergius III. (immoral). 911 Anastasius III. 913 Landonius, or Lando. 914 John X. (stifled to death). 928 Leo VI. 929 Stephen VII. 931 John XI. (died a prisoner in St. Angelo Castle). 936 Leo VII. (zealous and pious). 939 Stephen VIII. (of fierce character). 946 Agapetus II. (of holy life). 964 Benedict V. 965 John XIII. 972 Benedict VI. (murdered in prison). 974 Domnus II. 974 Boniface VII. 975 Benedict VII. 983 John XIV. 984 John XV. 985 John XVI. 996 Gregory V. 999 Sylvester II. 1003 John XVII. 1003 John XVIII. (abdicated). 1009 Sergius IV. 1012 Benedict VIII. 1024 John XIX. (bought papacy). 1033 Benedict IX. (Pope at 12 years, de posed). 1044 Gregory VI. (abdicated). 1046 Clement II. 1047 Benedict IX. restored. 1048 Damasus II. 1048 St. Leo IX. 1054 A Vacancy. 1055 Victor II. 1057 Stephen IX. 1058 Benedict X. 855 Athanasius, anti-pope. 858 Nicholas I. the Great. 1058 Nicholas II. |