- Ulixei: cf. Epode 16. 60; 17. 16; Achillei, 1. 15. 34; Penthei, 2. 19. 14; Alyattei, 3. 16. 41.

8. Tragedy: cf. Milton, Penseroso, Presenting Thebes, or Pelops' line, | Or the tale of Troy divine.' The Thyestes of Varius was by friendly critics thought equal to any Greek tragedy. Quint. 10. 1. 98.— saevam... domum: Tantalus, Pelops, Atreus, Thyestes, Aegisthus, Agamemnon, -a family upas-tree (Symonds).

9. tenues grandia: cf. Ov. Am. 2. 18. 4, et tener ausuros grandia frangit amor. For Horace's favorite device of antithetic juxtaposition of contrasted words, cf. 1. 3. 10; 1. 5. 9; 1. 13. 14; 1. 15. 2; 2. 16. 17; 2. 18. 10; 3. 7. 13; 3. 8. 1; 3. 11. 46; 3. 29. 17; 3. 29. 49; 3. 30. 12; 4. 1. 6-7; 4. 4. 32; 4. 2. 31; 4. 4. 53; 4. 5. 9; and Sellar, p. 193. - dum: while, shades into since. Cf. 1. 2. 17; 3. 11. 50.

10. potens: with lyrae. Cf. 1. 3. 1; 1; Epist. 2. 3. 407, musa lyrae sollers. ontea, 23, θέλω λέγειν Ατρείδας . . . ἃ μοῦνον ἠχεῖ.

1. 5. 15; 3. 29. 41; C. S. For thought, cf. Anacreβάρβιτος δὲ χορδαῖς | ἔρωτα

11. egregii: cf. 3. 25. 4; 3. 5. 48; Marlowe, Tamb. II. 1. 1, 'Egregious viceroys of those Eastern parts.'

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12. deterere: lit. impair, by wearing away. Cf. tenuare, 3. 3. 72; Epist. 2. 1. 235-237; Milton, Who can impair thee, mighty king?' Raleigh, Epitaph on Sidney, Whose virtues wounded by my worthless rhyme, | Let angels speak, and heaven thy praises tell'; F. Q. 3. 2. 3.

13. quis: who but a Varius ? - adamantina: Homer's xaλκοχίτων. Cf. 3. 24. 5. n.

14. scripserit: for syntax, cf. G. L. 259; H. 486. The mood of the question is that of the expected answer, nemo scripserit.

15. nigrum: swart, soiled. Cf. 1. 21. 7. n. ; 2. 1. 22. n. Meriones was the charioteer of the Cretan Idomeneus. Cf. 1. 15. 26; II. 8. 264, 13. 330-336.-ope: cf. 4. 2. 2.

16. parem: cf. impar, 4. 6. 5; Tydides, urged on by Pallas, wounded Ares and Aphrodite, Il. 5. 330-340, 846-855.

17. proelia: e.g. Propert. 4. 7. 5 ; Ov. Am. 1. 5. 15.

18. sectis: properly manicured nails are not very dreadful weapons. - acrium in iuvenes: cf. 1. 2. 39-40.

19-20. (sive) vacui sive: cf. 1. 3. 16; 1. 32. 7; 3. 4. 21-22. But sive quid urimur is really an afterthought. Cf. 1. 15. 25; 3. 27. 61. - urimur: cf. 1. 19. 4.- non, etc.: as is my wont.

ODE VII.

Beautiful are the isles of Greece, and her cities beloved of gods, famed in song and story. But Tibur is beautiful, too, and the orchard slopes and the Anio, | Falling, falling yet to the ancient lyrical cadence' (Clough). Thou, Plancus, whether in the shade of thy Tiburtine villa, or in the glittering camp, remember that wine is the best dispeller of care. This Teucer knew when, fleeing to exile from his angry father, he consoled his despondent mates with the promise of a new Salamis in a strange land.

The loose juncture at 1. 15 led some ancient critics to assume the beginning of a new ode there. Lines 26 sqq. imply acquaintance with Verg. Aen. 1. 195 sqq., and can hardly have been written before B.C. 29.

L. Munatius Plancus, a political turn-coat (morbo proditor, Vell. 2. 83), founded Lyons as governor of Gaul in B.C. 43, was consul in 42, was intrusted by Antony with the government of Syria and Asia, and abandoned him for Octavian on the eve of Actium. In B.C. 27 he proposed the decree conferring on Octavian the title of Augustus, and was rewarded by the censorship B.C. 22. In what camp he could have been serving at this time, or what were the cares which Horace advises him to drown in wine, does not appear.

1. laudabunt alii: cf. excudent alii, Verg. Aen. 6. 847. The antithesis is me, 1. 10. The 'praise' need not be literary. Cf. 1. 1. 17, laudat. - claram: so Martial, 4. 55. 6; sunny. Cf. Pliny, N. H. 2. 62; Lucan, 8. 248, claramque relinquit | sole Rhodon. But cf. Catull. 46. 6, ad claras Asiae volemus urbes; 4. 8, Rhodumque nobilem, that is, renowned for its commerce, its art, and its schools of rhetoric and philosophy. - Mytilenen: capital of Lesbos, pulchritudine in primis nobilis (Cic.).

2. Ephesus: capital of 'Asia,' called by Florus lumen Asiae.bimaris: so Ov. Met. 5. 407; Trist. 1. 11. 5, bimarem . Isthmon; Her. 12. 27 ; ἀμφίαλος, Pind. Ο. 13. 40 ; ἀμφιθάλασσος,

0.7.33. Aláλaooos, cited by editors, does not seem to have been so used. Cf. Landor, 'Queen of the double sea beloved of him | Who shakes the world's foundations'; Anth. Pal. 7. 218, άλicávolo Kopívov; Pind. O. 13. 5. — Corinthi: destroyed by Mummius B.C. 146. Restored as colony by Julius Caesar.

4. Tempe Ov. Met. 1. 568, est nemus Haemoniae (Thessaly), praerupta quod undique claudit | Silva: vocant Tempe, per quae Peneus, ab imo | Effusus Pindo, spumosis volvitur undis; Tenn., 'The long divine Peneian pass'; Shelley, Hymn of Pan, 'Liquid Peneus was flowing, | And all dark Tempe lay | In Pelion's (sic) shadow outgrowing | The light of the dying day.' Cf. the description in Aelian, V. H. 3. 1; Eurip. Troad. 214.

5. unum opus: their one task, theme. — intactae: virgin. Cf. 3. 4. 70, integrae.· urbem: Athens.

6. perpetuo: in continuous epic, not the short swallow-flights of lyric. Cf. Ov. Met. 1. 3, primaque ab origine mundi | ad mea perpetuum deducite tempora carmen.

7. The olive was the gift of Athena and the symbol of Athens. To pluck from every quarter a wreath of olive for the brow, is to gather from all sources of legend and history material for the praise of Athens. Cf. Lucret. 1. 928, iuvatque novos decerpere flores | insignemque meo capiti petere inde coronam, | unde prius nulli velarint tempora musae.

8. plurimus: many a one.

...

Cf. Martial, 7. 36. 3, plurima

tegula; Verg. Aen. 2. 369; Juv. 3. 232. But in all these cases there is a substantive. Hence some deny the use. Iunonis her three favorite cities were Argos, Sparta, and Mycenae (Il. 4. 51).

9. aptum. . . equis: iπTÓВотоν (I1. 2. 287). But this version of the Greek is perhaps due to a reminiscence of the words of Telemachus (Odyss. 4. 601) rendered (Epp. 1. 7. 41), non est aptus equis Ithace locus. ·dites: Tоλúxpuσos (Il. 7. 180; Soph. El. 9). Not yet to tired Cassandra lying low | In rich Mycenae do the fates relent' (Lang). The gold found there by Schliemann amply justifies the epithet. It was prehistoric to Horace as it is to us (Lucian, Contempl. 23; Anth. Pal. 9. 103).

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10. me: cf. on 1. 1. 29. - patiens: hardy. Cf. Quintil. 3. 7. 24; Epp. 1. 7. 40, patientis Ulixei; 'Spread on Eurotas' bank . .

the patient Sparta — the sober, hard, | And man-subduing city' (Thomson, Liberty).

11. Larisae . . . opimae : Thessaly is still the granary of Greece. Cf. Il. 2. 841, ἐριβώλακα. percussit: cf. Vergil's ingenti percussus amore, G. 2. 476; Milton's 'Smit with the love of sacred song.' 12 sqq. In order to enjoy Horace, the student should read up Tibur in Burn's Rome and the Campagna, or Hare's Days near Rome, 1. 191–207. Cf Sellar, p. 179; Clough, Amours de Voyage, 3. 11, Here as I sit by the stream, as I gaze at the cell of the Sibyl, Here with Albunea's home and the grove of Tiburnus beside me.' - domus: grotto. — Albuneae: this old Italian oracle, described by Verg. Aen. 7. 83, gave its name to the last of the Sibyls. resonantis : from the cataract (Verg. Aen. 7. 84), nemorum quae maxima sacro | fonte sonat; 'To Anio's roar and Tibur's olive shade' (Thomson, Liberty).

13. praeceps Anio: the Teverone. Cf. Wordsworth's wish, To listen to Anio's precipitous flood | When the stillness of evening hath deepened its roar'; Macaulay, Regillus, 10, From the green steeps whence Anio leaps | In floods of snow-white foam'; Clough, 'Tivoli beautiful is and musical, O Teverone, | Dashing from mountain to plain | Thy parted impetuous waters'; Propert. 3. 30. 14; Stat. Silv. 1. 5. 25. — Tiburni: the Argive brothers - Tiburnus, Catil(1) us, and Coras-were the mythical founders of Tibur. Cf. 1. 18. 2, 2. 6. 5; Verg. Aen. 7. 670; Stat. Silv. 1. 3. 74, illa recubat Tiburnus in umbra. — lucus: i.e. religious (sacred) grove. Cf. 1. 12. 60; Lucret. 5. 75; Milton, P. L. 1, (Moloch) made his grove | The pleasant valley of Hinnom.' Tradition placed a villa of Horace here, domusque ostenditur circa Tiburni luculum (Suet. Vit. Horat.). —uda: 4. 2. 30; 3. 29. 6.

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14. pomaria: Macaulay, Regillus, 36, 'From where the apple blossoms wave | On Anio's echoing banks.' Cf. Ov. Am. 3. 6. 45; Propert. 5. 7. 81, ramosis (pomosis) Anio qua pomifer (spumifer) incubat arvis. rivis: the branches of

mobilibus

15. Horace may have pieced two fragments of verse together at this point, but we cannot separate them. — albus: 3. 27. 19; 3. 7. 1. The south wind does not always 'rise with black wings' (Milton), as caeli fuscator Eoi (Lucan. 4. 66). It is often (saepe) the white

(whitening) Aeukóvotos and scours away the clouds. Cf. Arnold, Empedocles, 'As the sky-brightening south-wind clears the day, | And makes the mass'd clouds roll, | The music of the lyre blows away The clouds which wrap the soul.'

16. parturit: 4. 5. 26; Lucret. 6. 259, fulminibus gravidam tempestatem; Hymn. Orph. 21. 1, vepéλai .. ὀμβροτόκοι.

17. sapiens: be wise, with the wisdom of 1. 11. 6.

17-18. finire. . . labores: so 3. 4. 39; Sat. 2. 3. 263, finire dolores.

Tristitia is not sadness nor

19. molli: mellow and mellowing. are labores, labors.' - fulgentia: cf. Tac. Hist. 3. 82, fulgentia per colles vexilla; They were decorated with bright silver disks, Pliny, N. H. 33. 58. Cf. 2. 1. 19.

20. tenebit: apparently he is in camp.

21. Teucer: non receptus a patre Telamone ob segnitiam non vindicatae fratris (Aiacis) iniuriae, Cyprum adpulsus cognominem patriae suae Salamina constituit (Vell. 1. 1). Cf. Verg. Aen. 1. 619. Ajax had slain himself because the arms of Achilles were awarded to Ulysses. For Teucer's anticipation of his reception, if he returned without his brother, cf. Soph. Ajax, 1007-1020. For Telamon's passionate invective (a popular scene in the early Roman drama), cf. the fragments of Pacuvius' play; Cic. de Or. 2. 193; Ribbeck, Pacuv. Teucer, fr. 12. Cf. further, Isoc. 3. 28, 9. 18. For the details that follow, Horace is our sole authority. Teucri vox, . . . patria est ubicumque est bene (Cic. Tusc. 5. 37. 108) expresses the sentiment of 1. 25. The personal application (if any) of the tale to Plancus is as obscure to us as is that of Pindar's myths. - 22. fugeret: sc. to exile. Cf. on 2. 13. 28; Sat. 1. 6. 13. — uda : cf. on 2. 19. 18, 4. 5. 39; Tibull. 1. 2. 3, multo perfusum tempora Baccho.-Lyaeo: Lyaeus (as if from Xúw), the releaser from care and tongue-tied dullness, epithet of Bacchus, because, as Browning (Aristoph. Apol.) puts it, men found That wine unlocked the stiffest lip and loosed | The tongue late dry and reticent of joke.' Cf. on 3. 21. 16, 1. 18. 4, 4. 12. 20; Fletcher, 'God Lyaeus ever young.' The god is put for his gift as Ceres for grain (Verg. Aen. 1. 177), Venus for love, etc. Cf. Lucret. 2. 652, Bacchi nomine abuti | mavolt quam laticis proprium proferre vocamen.

23. pōpulea: as sacred to Hercules (Verg. Ecl. 7. 61; Theoc.