1 bour they arrived at before. It is very probable it was about Mexico, since there Prince Madoc was bury'd, as his Epitaph since found there, does make evident beyond all contradiction. "Madoc wyf mwydic ei wedd Fawn geuan Owen Gwynedd; Ny fynnwn dir fy awydd oedd Na aa mawr ond y Moroedd."" It is indeed the common opinion, that in the course of a few generations, Madoc and his men incorporated with the natives and made one people with them; whence proceed the various British words that the Europeans found among the Mexico Indians such as Pengwyn, Groeso, Gwenddwr, 1 The general impression has been that Madoc landed on the coast of the Carolinas if anywhere in America. The whole story is sometimes regarded as a myth, but if the account given by Mr. Jones be true (and his veracity has never been impeached, nor has it been verified), it certainly gives an air of truth to the narrative. It was in North Carolina that Jones found the British speaking Indians, and preached intelligently to them. He makes no mention, however, of any information which he obtained from them respecting the origin of that language among them. He gave other accounts of his travels among them, but only the letter above quoted has been preserved. EDITOR.] In the "Gentleman's Magazine" for April 1749. appeared the following: "Since our last, we have found the following translation of the British Epitaph (See page 105) on Prince Madoc. It is printed in Herbert's Travels, who saw the monument." MADOC AP OWEN was I called, Sir Thomas Herbert above mentioned did not travel in America but in the East, and his work published on his return in 1634, gives an account of his "Travels in Africa and the Greater Asia, and he could not have seen the monument if it was in Mexico, as the vicar of St. David's observes. Some scholar in the "Gloucester (England) Journal" thus translated it, at the same time : "Madoc my name, oft soaked in billows dire, OWEN, the Prince of North Wales was my sire: My sole ambition was to scour the main Despising native honors, wealth and fame." Another translation was given by one who is described as "a young lady, who is excellently accomplished in all the amiable beauties of mind, person and conversation-the Graces, the Muses, and the Virtues are her own"-as follows: "Here lies the mighty Owen's Heir In glorious deeds as well as birth: I scorn'd of Lands the menial care Our classical readers may be gratified by a perusal of a Latin translation of the Epitaph which appeared in the Gentlemans Magazine, Volume x, page 519. That the Welsh Prince Madoc, son of Owen King of Wales, went with a colony from that country to America, and left there traces of his language, seems probable. All accounts of him afterwards are doubtless fables and conjectures.-[EDITOR.] Bara, Tad, Mam, Buwch, Cligiar, Llwynoc, Coch-y-dwr, with many more recited in Sir Thomas Herbert's Travels1 p. 222. But by this narrative it is evident, that they keep as yet a distinct people, at least in the year 1660, when our author was amongst them. For Mr. Jones says, he not only conversed with them about the ordinary affairs of life, but preached to them three times a week in the British tongue; and that they usually consulted him when any thing appeared difficult in the same Language, which evidently demonstrates, that they still preserve their original language, and are still a colony or people unmixed. Now if a premier discovery confers a right (as it seems it is a maxim in politics) then the Crown of England has an indisputable right to the sovereignty of those countrys in America; for the Spaniards had no footing there 'till the year 1492, 322 years since the first discovery by Prince Madoc. Some Statesmen indeed would fain have persuaded Q. Elizabeth to insist on this title (as is mentioned by Dr. Heylin, p. 1900, Ed. 3, of his Geography.) But they had only an obscure tradition then, that was thought that would not bear proof. But this narrative sets off the whole matter beyond dispute; wherein our author writes with such simplicity and unaffected style, and without any studied Eloquence as 'tis plain he had nothing in view but to state the naked truth. And since this is a matter of fact, so well attested, backed with such a variety of incidents, let not the proud Dons any more assume the glory of this noble discovery; but let our most puissant Monarch of Great Britain claim his most just rights. Britons strike home. THEOPHILUS EVANS, Vicar of St. David's in Brecon. 1 The English meaning of these words are: Penguym, a bird with a white head: Groeso, welcome; Gwenddur, a river with a white stream: Bara, bread; Tad, father; Mom, mother: Burch, a cow: Cligiar, a partridge; Ilunoc, a fox; Coch-y-dur, a bird with white feathers that frequents the waters.-"Gentleman's Magazine," Volume x, page 194. AMERICA.-ORIGIN OF THIS NAME. Editor of the American Historical Record: You desire of me an account how the name of America came to be applied to our Continent. The beautiful, but unjust name of our portion of the globe may be said to be of German origin, in a twofold manner. Emric or Amric is an old Germanic personal name. Am means diligence or activity; hence Ameise, the German for ant, the industrious creature by way of excellence; and ric (our rich) signifies strong, abundant. Amric, therefore, meant the very industrious or active. German conquerors of Italy carried thither German names, and Amric was euphonized by the Italians into Amrico or Americo, which in turn was Latinized into Americus. far the origin of Vespucci's name. How it came to be applied to our continent was thus: So The Germans, neither among the early discoverers nor conquistadores, nevertheless took the deepest interest in the nascent science of cosmography, the name for nearly that which is now called geography, and through this science influenced positively and practically that great Age of Maritime Discovery and geographic expansion which widened commerce from the little yet wonderfully influential Mediterranean to the commerce of the Atlantic, the Southern Ocean, and the Pacific. Behaim's Globe,' and Mercator's (Krämer's) Plan, without which Navigation could not have much advanced, sufficiently prove this fact. Lorraine was a German principality at the beginning of the sixteenth century, and the reigning duke had formed, at his court, an Academy of Cosmography, of which a schoolmaster at Strasburg, then as now again, a Ger 1 It so happens that this evening [March 19th) a lecture will be delivered before the American Geographical Society, in New York, by Rev. M. Maury on Martin Behaim's Globe and its Influence upon Geographical Science.-I would suggest a lecture on the Influence of Behaim's Globe and Mercator's Chart on Navigation, Commerce and the Expansion and Progress of Civilization. It would be a noble lecture if well done and nobly planned. man city, was a member, or to which at any rate he proposed the name of America for the the Western Hemisphere or for North America. The name of this resolute and sagacious school master was Waldseemüller (Wood-lake-miller,) which he transformed into the Graeco-Latin monster of a name, Hylacomilus; and Hylacomilus is the man that first wronged Columbus by immortalizing so grandly the name of one who followed the great proto-euretes at a long long distance, and who has been outstripped in the character of a discoverer by very many later navigators. But so it was; a name for North America had become an urgent want, felt by all the thinking men of Europe. A distinct thing or idea, must have a distinct name; it is a requisite of things. The West Indies, no good or correct name at all events, had become wholly useless since the northern mainland had became known, and since the vast Pacific had been revealed. Humboldt in his contributions to the history of geography has shown all this. Psychologically or ethically speaking there has never been erected a monument so magnificent, undeserving and cruelly unjust; as if the Madonna di Sisto were not called by Raphael's name, but by that of a man who framed it first! Phonetically speaking there could be no more beautiful name with its musically flowing four vowels over only three consonants, and they not rugged; and practically speaking there it is, and never to be changed. The misfortune of our namelessness led the men of our revolution to use America, along with Continent, for our country, and we find it again in the United States of America, not North America, although the seal of our treasury has to this day the Latin scroll: seal of the Treasury of North America as every dollar note shows. As United States is often very inconvenient to be used in the adjective form, we still use frequently American for that which belongs to our country or govern 1 bour they arrived at before. It is very probable it was about Mexico, since there Prince Madoc was bury'd, as his Epitaph since found there, does make evident beyond all contradiction. "Madoc wyf mwydic ei wedd Fawn geuan Owen Gwynedd; Ny fynnwn dir fy awydd oedd Na aa mawr ond y Moroedd.""' It is indeed the common opinion, that in the course of a few generations, Madoc and his men incorporated with the natives and made one people with them; whence proceed the various British words that the Europeans found among the Mexico Indians such as Pengwyn, Groeso, Gwenddwr, 1 The general impression has been that Madoc landed on the coast of the Carolinas if anywhere in America. The whole story is sometimes regarded as a myth, but if the account given by Mr. Jones be true (and his veracity has never been impeached, nor has it been verified), it certainly gives an air of truth to the narrative. It was in North Carolina that Jones found the British speaking Indians, and preached intelligently to them. He makes no mention, however, of any Information which he obtained from them respecting the origin of that language among them. He gave other accounts of his travels among them, but only the letter above quoted has been preserved. EDITOR.] MADOC AP OWEN was I called, Strong, tall and comely, not enthralled Sir Thomas Herbert above mentioned did not travel in America but in the East, and his work published on his re Bara, Tad, Mam, Buwch, Cligiar, Llwy noc, Coch-y-dwr, with many more recited in Sir Thomas Herbert's Travels' p. 222. But by this narrative it is evident, that they keep as yet a distinct people, at least in the year 1660, when our author was amongst them. For Mr. Jones says, he not only conversed with them about the ordinary affairs of life, but preached to them three times a week in the British tongue; and that they usually consulted him when any thing appeared difficult in the same Language, which evidently demonstrates, that they still preserve their original language, and are still a colony or people unmixed. Now if a premier discovery confers a right (as it seems it is a maxim in politics) then the Crown of England has an indisputable right to the sovereignty of those countrys in America; for the Spaniards had no footing there 'till the year 1492, 322 years since the first discovery by Prince Madoc. Some Statesmen indeed would fain have persuaded Q. Elizabeth to insist on this title (as is mentioned by Dr. Heylin, p. 1900, Ed. 3, of his Geography.) But they had only an obscure tradition then, that was thought that would not bear proof. But this narrative sets off the whole matter beyond dispute; wherein our author writes with such simplicity and unaffected style, and without any studied Eloquence as 'tis plain he had turn in 1634, gives an account of his "Travels in Africa and nothing in view but to state the naked the Greater Asia, and he could not have seen the monument if it was in Mexico, as the vicar of St. David's observes. Some scholar in the "Gloucester (England) Journal" thus translated it, at the same time: "Madoc my name, oft soaked in billows dire, OWEN, the Prince of North Wales was my sire: My sole ambition was to scour the main Despising native honors, wealth and fame." Another translation was given by one who is described as "a young lady, who is excellently accomplished in all the amiable beauties of mind, person and conversation-the Graces, the Muses, and the Virtues are her own"-as follows: "Here lies the mighty Owen's Heir In glorious deeds as well as birth: I scorn'd of Lands the menial care Our classical readers may be gratified by a perusal of a Latin translation of the Epitaph which appeared in the Gentlemans Magazine, Volume x, page 519. That the Welsh Prince Madoc, son of Owen King of Wales, went with a colony from that country to America, and left there traces of his language, seems probable. All accounts of him afterwards are doubtless fables and conjectures.-EDITOR.] truth. And since this is a matter of fact, so well attested, backed with such a variety of incidents, let not the proud Dons any more assume the glory of this noble discovery; but let our most puissant Monarch of Great Britain claim his most just rights. Britons strike home. THEOPHILUS EVANS, Vicar of St. David's in Brecon. 1 The English meaning of these words are: Pengum, a bird with a white head: Groeso, welcome; Gwenddur, a river with a white stream: Bara, bread; Tad, father; Mom, mother: Burch, a cow; Cligiar, a partridge; Ilumoc, a fox; Coch-y-dur, a bird with white feathers that frequents the waters.-"Gentleman's Magazine," Volume x, page 194. AMERICA.-ORIGIN OF this name. Editor of the American Historical Record: You desire of me an account how the name of America came to be applied to our Continent. The beautiful, but unjust name of our portion of the globe may be said to be of German origin, in a twofold manner. Emric or Amric is an old Germanic personal name. Am means diligence or activity; hence Ameise, the German for ant, the industrious creature by way of excellence; and ric (our rich) signifies strong, abundant. Amric, therefore, meant the very industrious or active. German conquerors of Italy carried thither German names, and Amric was euphonized by the Italians into Amrico or Americo, which in turn was Latinized into Americus. far the origin of Vespucci's name. How it came to be applied to our continent was thus: So The Germans, neither among the early discoverers nor conquistadores, nevertheless took the deepest interest in the nascent science of cosmography, the name for nearly that which is now called geography, and through this science influenced positively and practically that great Age of Maritime Discovery and geographic expansion which widened commerce from the little yet wonderfully influential Mediterranean to the commerce of the Atlantic, the Southern Ocean, and the Pacific. Behaim's Globe,' and Mercator's (Krämer's) Plan, without which Navigation could not have much advanced, sufficiently prove this fact. Lorraine was a German principality at the beginning of the sixteenth century, and the reigning duke had formed, at his court, an Academy of Cosmography, of which a schoolmaster at Strasburg, then as now again, a Ger 1 It so happens that this evening [March 19th) a lecture will be delivered before the American Geographical Society, in New York, by Rev. M. Maury on Martin Behaim's Globe and its Influence upon Geographical Science.-I would suggest a lecture on the Influence of Behaim's Globe and Mercator's Chart on Navigation, Commerce and the Expansion and Progress of Civilization. It would be a noble lecture if well done and nobly planned. man city, was a member, or to which at any rate he proposed the name of America for the the Western Hemisphere or for North America. The name of this resolute and sagacious school master was Waldseemüller (Wood-lake-miller,) which he transformed into the Graeco-Latin monster of a name, Hylacomilus; and Hylacomilus is the man that first wronged Columbus by immortalizing so grandly the name of one who followed the great proto-euretes at a long long distance, and who has been outstripped in the character of a discoverer by very many later navigators. But so it was; a name for North America had become an urgent want, felt by all the thinking men of Europe. A distinct thing or idea, must have a distinct name; it is a requisite of things. The West Indies, no good or correct name at all events, had become wholly useless since the northern mainland had became known, and since the vast Pacific had been revealed. Humboldt in his contributions to the history of geography has shown all this. Psychologically or ethically speaking there has never been erected a monument so magnificent, undeserving and cruelly unjust; as if the Madonna di Sisto were not called by Raphael's name, but by that of a man who framed it first! Phonetically speaking there could be no more beautiful name with its musically flowing four vowels over only three consonants, and they not rugged; and practically speaking there it is, and never to be changed. The misfortune of our namelessness led the men of our revolution to use America, along with Continent, for our country, and we find it again in the United States of America, not North America, although the seal of our treasury has to this day the Latin scroll: seal of the Treasury of North America as every dollar note shows. As United States is often very inconvenient to be used in the adjective form, we still use frequently American for that which belongs to our country or govern upon the Bible and take an oath of allegiance. This she does very reluctantly, because her conscience and her convictions are at variance with the act. The young colored boy is eagerly watching the ceremony while he waits to have the basket filled for his mistress. "Uncle Ned's School," is a picture of a common occurrence in the late Slave labor States, since the war. An old colored man whose business is boot-blacking, has attempted school teaching during the intervals of business. A young mulatto girl, who is one of his scholars, has asked him a puzzling question hard for him to answer without considerable reflection. He is looking intently upon her book in his endeavor; so intently that he cannot attend to a lazy little urchin who sits upon the floor tickling the bottom of the school-master's bare foot. For prudential reasons, some of the Southern States had, at one time, statute laws against teaching the slaves to read. When the war ended in the emancipation of the slaves, schools for their education were established all over the south, and the adults who first learned to read and write, became voluntary teachers for the younger ones, as in this case of "Uncle Ned.' There was shown great eagerness to learn. The writer remembers, while waiting for a railway train at a station below Atlanta, in the Spring of 1866, seeing an aged colored man, with white hair, going by with a slate in his hand, when a person called out to him, inquiringly, "Tom, you'll be back to work?" "Yes sir," he replied. "That man" said the gentleman, "though over seventy years old, goes two miles up the road every noon, to learn to cipher.' The groups of statuary here delineated, average from 13 to 24 inches in height, and are made of strong composition. They are admirable in all the details of feature and costume; details which these small engravings cannot well show. THE SETTLEMENT OF WEST JERSEY. Editor American Historical Record.Your correspondent J. H. C. (page 173 of the RECORD,) asks information concerning the "Ship Shield of 1678." He refers to the extracts from Mary Smith's journal quoted in Barber and Howes "Historical Collections of New Jersey," and draws from them the inference that the Shield really sailed from Stockton and that the passengers merely went to Hull for provisions. The extracts referred to will not bear this construction. Mary Smith was an ancestor of the writer, and in a manuscript family biography which I have inherited, prepared in 1788 by her great grandson (who was a person remarkably accurate and truthful in his statements) it is said on the authority of "manuscripts" which he no doubt had full opportunity of examining, that "She [Mary Smith then Mary Murfin] "came to America in 1678 with her pa"rents Robert Murfin and Anne his wife. "Having purchased a share of a Propriety |