that he was not allowed to give them any more time, but 1704.
that they should soon have another opportunity of doing
what still remained to be done; for no disappointment her
majetty bad met with, could alter in the least her favourable
difpofitions towards that her ancient kingdom. After which
the parliament was prorogued to the 7th of October. How-
ever, before they separated, they drew up an address to the
queen, desiring, that the evidence and papers relating to the
plot might be laid before them against the next session.

This was the state of that nation, which was aggravated very odiously all over England. It was confidently, though, as was afterwards known, very falsely reported, that great quantities of arms were brought over, and dispersed through the whole kingdom. And, it being well known how poor the nation was at that time, it was said those arms were paid for by other hands, in imitation of what it was believed cardinal Richelieu did in the year 1638. Another thing was given out very maliciously by the lord Godolphin's enemies, that he had given directions under-hand to hinder the declaring the succession; and that the secret of this was truited to Mr. Johnston, who, they said talked openly one way, and acted secretly another, though there never appeared any colour of truth in those reports. Great use was to be made of the affairs of Scotland, because there was no ground of complaint of any thing in the adıninistration at home. , All the duke of Marlborough's enemies saw, that his chief strength lay in the credit which the lord Godolphin was in at home, while he was so successful abroad; so that it being impoffible to attack him in such a course of glory, Mey laid their aims against the lord-treasurer. The tories resolved to attack him, and that disposed the whigs to preserve him; and this was so managed by them, that it gave a great turn to all the councils at home.

Immediately after the adjournment of the parliament, 'the Changes courtiers repaired to London, where the marquis of Twee- in the dale was made chancellor of Scotland ; the earls of Seatield Scots and Roxburgh, secretaries of fate; the earl of Rothes, lord- ministry. privy-seal; the carl of Cromarty, juitice-general ; Mr. Bailie Lockhart. of jervis-wood, treasurer-deputy; and the earl of Selkirk lord Belhaven, and Sir John Hume, lords of the treasury: Sir William Hamilton was also made justice-clerk; but he lived not to enjoy that office many months, and was fucceeded by Adam Cockburn of Ormistown. A new commiffion was, at the same time, sent down to Edinburgh, by which most of the cavaliers, and all the duke of QueenVol. XVI.

fberry's

B

1704. íberry's friends, were laid afide, and it was made up intirely

y of Scots revolutioners. And thus the administration of affairs

in Scotland was lodged in the hands of a body of men, who concurred with the measures at that time pursued by the court of England. It is now time to turn to the operations

of the war. The duke The affairs of the empire were, in the beginning of this of Marl. campain, in a very desperate condition. The emperor was borough reduced to the last extremities. The elector of Bavaria was conducts master of the Danube as far as Passau, and the malecontents his design in Hungary were making a formidable progress. The emwith great peror was not in a condition to maintain a defensive war

long on both sides, nor was he able to make any oppofition Parnet.

at all against them, should they once come to act by concert. Thus his affairs had a very gloomy appearance, and uttter ruin was to be apprehended. Vienna was in apparent danger of being besieged on both sides, and it was not capable of making a long defence; so that the house of Austria seemed loft beyond all prospect of a recovery. Prince Eugene wisely proposed, that the emperor should implore the protection of the queen of Great-Britain, which was agreed to, and count Wratislaw managed the affair at the court of England with great application and secrecy (a). The duke

secrecy.

(a) However, for form fake, “ance were not applied, proand to prepare the way for the “ portionable to the great danreception of a resolution that “gers they were threatned with. had been alrcady taken, Wra “ He was indeed extremely tislaw prcfented the following " well satisfied with the zeal memorial to the queen on the " which her majesty's ministers 2d of April :

“ had for the common cause, 6. That he had several times " and with the attention they “ represented to her majetty's “ gave to his representations, “ ministers, by word of inouth, “ But nothing being as yet re. " the prelling neceilities of the “ solved on, though the sea. “ Empire, by the breaking in " son was far advanced ; and “ of a conliderable army of " the final resolution on the se“ French into Bavaria ; which “ veral schemes which had been “ (together with the insurrec « presented, being deferred till • tion in Hungary) had reduced “ the arrival of the duke of " the imperial hereditary coun: “ Marlborough at the Hague, “ tries to an incredible per “ he thought himself obliged, “ plexity and confusion; so " before his grace's departure, " that it was to be feared, that “ to do his utrioit endeavour, “ an intire revolution and delo " by representing in writing the “ lation of all Germany would “ danger wherein the emperor 66 follow, if some speedy afuit. " and empire were at present

of Marlborough faw the necessity of undertaking the empe- 1704. ror's relief, and resolved to use all possible endeavours to put her it in execution. When he went into Holland in the winter, he proposed it to the pensionary, and other persons of the greatest confidence. They approved it, but it was not adviseable to propose it to the States ; since at that time inany would not have thought their country safe, if their army hould be sent so far from them; and nothing could be long a secret, which was proposed to such an aflembly, whereas the main hope of succeeding in this design lay in the secrecy with which it was conducted. Therefore, under the pretext of carrying the war to the Moselle, every thing was prepared that was necessary for executing the true design.

B 2

The

“ involved. That her majesty “ ders as were necessary for the
" out of the same zeal for pre- “ alistance of Gerinany, by
* serving the liberties of Eu. “ the want of which he foresaw
“ rope, for which she was fo “ the mischiefs that would arise
“ much famed, would be pleased " to the common cause, espe.
" to order the duke of Marl. " cially if the orders of the
“ borough, her captain-general, “ States-general to recall their
“ seriously to consult with the “ troops from the empire should
« States-general, concerning “ take place, at a time when
" the speedieft method for al- “ France endeavoured to send
“ Gfting the empire ; or, at “ a powerful assistance to their
" least, to conduct part of the " ariny in Bavaria.”
" troops in her majesty's pay To this memorial the queen
“ beyond the sea, to preserve was pleased to return an answer,
“ Germany from a total sub- importing, “ That she had given
“ verfion; it not being just in “ directions to the duke of
" itself, nor any ways advan. “ Marlborough to take the most
“ tageous to the common cause " effectual methods with the
" that her majesty's troops “ States-general of the United
" should continue on the fron. « Provinces, her good allies
" tiers of Holland, which were " and confederates, to send a
“ not in the least threatened by " speedy relief to his imperial
“ the enemy, and were defend. “ majcity and the empire, and
“ed by great rivers and strong “ to press the States to take the
“ places, whilst the empire was “ necefiary measures to rescue
“ destroyed by the French troops i Germany from the imminens
“ with fire and sword,” in “ danger to which it was now
conclufion count Wratislaw de. “ exposed." Lamberti III.
clared, “ That the representa - It is said the duke of Marl-
" tions he had inade were borough communicated his pro-
“ grounded on the alliance con. jcct ac firit only to the queen,
“ cluded becween the emperor, prince George, and the trea.
“ England, and Holland, pur- lurer, and in Holland only to
“ suant to which, he hoped her the pensionary and deputy Gel-
“ majelty wou!d give such or- dermallen.

States, in he was attent, the Hagiked for Hall of Orknead

1704. . The duke of Marlborough, with his brother general i n Churchill, lieutenant-general Lumley, the earl of Orkney, The duke and other general officers, embarked for Holland, and in of Marl- three days arrived at the Hague. Two days after his borough coming, he was attended by a solemn deputation of the arrives in States, in order to confer with him. The conference lasted Holland, ē

.: fix hours. The chief subject of debate was about sending April 21, NS a good army towards the Moselle. This was all that was Brodrick. proposed in public, and to this the States of Zealand, and Conduct two other provinces, strongly objected. They would not of the agree, that the duke should have an unlimited command to duchess of lead the army where he pleased, and thought it a very danMarb. gerous project to march the troops at so great a distance, Lamberti. The Zealand deputies opposed it so strenuously, that the

duke was obliged to tell him plainly, that he had the

queen's positive orders to march with the troops in her pay The duke towards the Moselle. Accordingly, having taken his leave of Narls of the States, the duke set out from Holland, and in five borough's days arrived at Maestricht, where his army was incamped. march in. About the same time, the States regulated the posts of their to Ger- general officers. Monsieur Auverquerque, their field-marmany. Thal, was appointed to command their forces on the Maese, May 5. having under him the counts de Tilly and Noyelles ; Slan10. genburg those on the Moselle ; Salisch in Brabant; and

Spaar and Fagel in Flanders. May 18.

From Maestricht the duke of Marlborough marched to Bedburg, and his camp being near Cologne, he was waited on by the canons of that chapter, the prince of Saxzeits, bishop of Zoab, the prince of Heffe, count Briançon, the duke of Savoy's envoy to the queen of England, and other

princes and generals. The The French in Flanders began by this time to be alarmed, French though they were far from suspecting the duke's real design. endeavour His marching towards Coblentz, and the great preparations to Itop his which were making in that place, made them believe, that march.

he designed to open the campain with the the siege of Traer. bach, and endeavour to advance along the Moselle into France. Upon this supposition they detached five thousand foot, and two thousand horse towards that river, and gave out, that they intended the siege of Huy, vainly imagining, that by this report they might stop the progress of the English general. But the duke, well knowing that the forces which were left in Flanders under Auverquerque, were sufficient to frustrate any attempt which the French could make on that fide, continued his march, and advanced from Bedburg to

Kerpenord,

May 10.

Kerpenord, the next day to Kalsecken, where he received 1704.-
an express from prince Lewis of Baden, with some inter b y
cepted letters, by which it appeared, that the French in- May 20.
tended to force their passage through the Black-forest, and,
after joining the Bavarians, to march directly to Vienna,
About the same time, the duke received advice from the
Netherlands, that the court of France had sent positive or-
ders to Villeroy to march towards the Moselle with five and
thirty battalions, and fix and forty squadrons, being still
firmly persuaded, that the duke would act on that side.
Upon this, the duke gave immediate orders for his forces to
march with all expedition ; and whilst the army was on a May 23.
full march, he went to take a view of the fortifications of
Bonne, where, having given his directions to the governor
of that place, he returned in the evening to the army. Here
he received certain advice, that the recruits for the French
army in Bavaria, with farther reinforcements, had joined
the elector three days before at Villingen. But the duke,
notwithstanding this junction of the enemies, was, on ac-
count of the number of the troops which the French left
behind them, and by the marshal's marching back with the
relt of his army towards the Rhine, confirmed in his opinion,
that the enemies were as yet wholly ignorant of his delign.
He therefore continued his march with unwcaried diligence, May 25.
and advanced to the camp of Neudorff near Coblentz, where,
besides Mr. Davenant, the queen's agent at Francfort, and
Monsieur d'Amelo, envoy extraordinary from the States-
general, count Wratislaw, in his return froin London,
waited on him to settle all things for his farther march, and
his conjunction with the imperial army. Then the duke jane 3.
palled the Neckar near Ladenburg, where he reitca three
days. Having, by this time, gained the advance of some
days of the French army, he wrote to the States from La-
denburg, to let them know that he had the queen's order to
march to the relief of the empire, with which he hoped
they would agree, and allow his carrying their troops to
Share in the honour of that expedition. He had their all-
lwer as quick as the courier could bring it, by which they
approved of the design, and of his carrying their trom
with him. So he had now the whole army at his own
disposal.

The French imagining that he would advance to
Upper-Rhine, Villeroy marched thither with all ,,vifo
Ipeed; and, at the same time, a detachment of fesa; i, sony,
Jons and twenty-one squadrons, from the con a:1:19