CONTENTS.

THE REPORT.

Duties of the High Commissioner

Extension of the Inquiry to all the North American Provinces......

Evils of present uncertainty

Plan not affected by resignation of Governor-General.....

Weight of ordinary business

Magnitude of interests involved

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4

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6

Advantages derivable by the Mother Country from these Colonies...

The real struggle not one of principle, but of races

Animosities between the French and English

Exasperation of the two races against each other.........

Objects of the French Canadians not really democratic, nor of the

Animosities of the working classes, not the result of a collision of

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Political strife the result of such social feelings

Superior practical intelligence of the English ...

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29

Although greater refinement may be found among the French...... 29

Jealousy of the Assembly, and dislike of improvements...

Collision between the Executive and the Assembly...

Appeal to arins by the French.............................

The French will not loyally submit to British Government, nor the
English tolerate a French majority in the Assembly
Obstruction of the course of justice

Acquittal of the murderers of Chartrand

Another example of obstruction of justice.

Evils to society from national animosities ...........

Hopelessness of putting an end to animosities at present

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The Canadians would revenge themselves on the English by any aid 39

The English population will never tolerate the French pretensions
to nationality ................

They complain of being the sport of parties at home....
Exasperation of the Loyalists against the Americans...
But with a current of contrary feeling

........

Evils of conflict of races aggravated by the conduct of Government

Two modes of dealing with conquered territories .....

The first why unadvisable in Lower Canada

Mistaken policy of the British Government ......

Continued inconsistency of British policy

French nationality not preservable amidst Anglo-American States

The contest arose gradually....................................

Continued errors and vacillations of Government

Good Government impracticable whilst conflict of races last.

Collisions between the executive and representative body in all

the North American Colonies

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Such collisions show a deviation from sound constitutional prin-

ciples

Practical working of the Assembly in Lower Canada

Administration remained free from its influence.......

The public functionaries were independent of the Assembly...

Dependence of the Governor upon the official party

Impossibility of the working of the Colonial system of Govern-

ment

Opposition of the Assembly to the Government unavoidable

Popular leaders relieved of responsibility...........

Claim of force of law for resolutions of the Assembly

Systematic abuses of constitutional forms.........

Parliamentary grants for local works............................................

Importance of public works in American legislation

Height to which abuse of grants has been carried

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Funds dispensed by Commissioners named by the Legislature..... 65

Abuse of this patronage

Grants for education......

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Evils of committing details of Government to Colonial Department 72

Report from House of Assembly, Upper Canada......

Ignorance of the people as to the proceedings of their government 75

Want of responsibility in other departments of the Government.... 75

Constitution of the Executive Council

Civil Secretary's office

No regular administration in the rural districts .....
French population incapable of aiding central authority
Want of municipal institutions .....

No French institutions for administrative purposes..
System of townships...............

.....

Want of municipal institutions in Quebec and Montreal

Inefficient administration of justice

Re-organization of Court of Appeals.................

Appeal to Privy Council

Faulty judicial divisions for purposes of criminal justice

Sheriffs, &c.

Perversion of juries

The people have not confidence in criminal justice.......

Complaints of French against tampering with juries

Complaints of English against juries.....

Trial by jury at present bad...

Clergy reserves. Meaning of "Protestant clergy".

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Importance of consideration for the Catholic clergy and people.... 99

Financial system should be settled by local government

Sources of public revenue..............................

Diminution of revenue.

......

Little direct taxation in Lower Canada.....

State of Upper Canada.......................

Difficulty of ascertaining real objects of struggle.

Isolation of districts

Features of the contest in the Assembly, &c.

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108

Useful reforms

..........

Third party, recent emigrants...

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Proceedings of Sir F. Head

Real question decided by general election of 1836.........

Failure of result aimed at by Sir F. Head........

Real result of Sir F. Head's policy..........

Legislature does not possess sufficient popular confidence............ 115