Usual Dose.-5 to 10 drops. Indications.-Deep seated pain in region of the kidneys; colicky pain pointing in the lumbar region; pain extending from kidneys down ureters; catarrhal conditions of the bladder; uterine pain, with uneasiness in the lumbar region, and muddy, foul-smelling urine. Agrimonia is a useful remedy in all atonic conditions of the urinary apparatus. Its use also improves the nutrition of all mucous membranes. Agrimonia is tonic, alterative, and astringent. AILANTHUS GLANDULOSUS.-Common Name: Chinese Sumach, or Tree-of-Heaven. Natural Order.-Simarubaceæ. Part Used.-Inner bark of the tree and root. Description.—This tree is tall and of rapid growth, and much used as a shade tree. It has long leaves, and in spring has small, greenish colored flowers. Doses.-Fluid extract, 10 to 15 drops; specific medicine, I to 5 drops. Usual Prescription.-R. Ailanthus, gtt. x. to xxx.; Water, živ. M. Sig. Dose, one teaspoonful every hour or two. Indications.-Atonic conditions of mucous membranes; epileptiform contraction of muscles; palpitation. In dysentery and leucorrhoea this remedy is used with good success, and in atonic conditions of the nervous system it has also given good results. Ailanthus is a nerve tonic. In very large doses its action is much like that of tobacco on persons unaccustomed to its use. ALCOHOL.-Description.-A large number of substances are now called Alcohols by chemists, but the only substance here referred to is the officinal Alcohol-refined spirit or spirits of wine. It has a specific gravity of 0.835, and contains eighty-five per cent., by weight, of pure Alcohol. Diluted Alcohol is a mixture of officinal Alcohol with an equal bulk of water. It has the specific gravity 0.941. Dose.-Diluted Alcohol, 30 to 60 drops. Indications.-Great prostration or exhaustion; when the skin. is cool, and the pulse soft, feeble and compressible. It Alcohol should never be used internally, except in dilution. is usually employed in the form of whiskey, brandy, wine, beer, etc., which, in moderate doses, are believed to act as diffusible stimulants in conditions of exhaustion, prostration, languor, great loss of strength, and low delirium. They should always be given in small amounts, and repeated only as the stimulant effect of each dose disappears. A very good way in which to exhibit the remedy is to add one teaspoonful of whiskey or brandy to five teaspoonfuls of water, and administer one teaspoonful of the mixture every five minutes. Undiluted Alcohol is a powerful irritant and poison, causing intoxication, and, in large quantities, death. ALETRIS FARINASIA.—Common Name: Unicorn Root. Part Used.-The root. Description.-Aletris Farinasia is indiginous to North America. It has a perennial root, which gives off many light yellow rootlets. Its flower stem is erect, and from one to three feet in height. Its flowers are white, and appear from May to August. Doses.-Fluid extract, 30 to 60 drops; specific medicine, I to 20 drops. Usual Prescription.-R. Aletris, gtt. x. to xx.; water, iv. M. Sig. Dose, one teaspoonful every three hours. Indications.-Flatulency, colicky pains, atonic conditions of the digestive organs, too frequent menstruation, with labor-like pain and sense of debility in the pelvis. Aletris is a gastric stimulant and uterine tonic. ALNUS RUBRA. -Common Name: Tag Alder. Part Used.-The bark. Description.-Alnus is a shrub with numerous stems, which grow to from six to fifteen feet in height. It blossoms in March and April, bearing flowers of a reddish-green color. Doses.-Fluid extract, 30 to 60 drops; specific medicine, 1 to 30 drops. Usual Dose.-5 to 10 drops every two to four hours. Indications.-Suppuration of the lymphatic glands; chronic skin diseases; conditions causing boils; breaking down of surfaces, resulting in ulcerations of the skin, mouth and throat; eczematous conditions. The continued use of Alnus improves nutrition and waste. In the treatment of chronic diseases of the skin it is a frequently-indicated remedy. Alnus is alterative, resolvent, tonic and astringent. doses it is emetic. ALOE.-Common Name: Aloes. Natural Order.-Liliaceæ. Part Used.-Juice of the leaves. In large Description.-Medicinal aloes is furnished by several species of the Aloe. The following three species, however, furnish the greater part: Aloe Spicata, which has a stem about four feet high, and leaves two feet long; Aloe Socatrin, with a straight woody stem. about a foot and a half high; and Aloe Vulgaris, which has a short woody stem. - Doses.-Fluid extract, 10 to 60 drops; extract, 1 to 3 grains; in pills, 4 to 12 grains. Usual Dose. -1 to 2 grains. Usual Prescription.-R. Aloe Socatrina, gtt. v. to x.; Water, iv. M. Sig. Dose, one teaspoonful every hour or two. Indications.-Hemorrhoids from partial congestion; profuse menstruation in females of relaxed fibre; watery diarrhoea from weakness. To meet these indications the remedy must be used in the small doses named in the usual prescription." Aloes is much used as a cathartic, but many better remedies can be employed. Aloin is the purgative principle of Aloe Vulgaris. Indications.-Constipation caused by atonic conditions of the large intestine. A pill composed of one-fifth of a grain of Aloin and one-sixtieth of a grain of Strychnine constitutes a combination which will cure many cases of constipation. One of these pills should be given from one to three times a day, as the case may require. Aloe is cathartic, emmenagogue, anthelmintic and stomachic. AMMONIUM.-Description.-Ammonium is a quasi-metal, having the formula NH4. It has not yet been obtained in the free state, but Ammonium Amalgam is easily prepared by the chemist. Ammonium Amalgam forms a light, bulky metallic mass, but it soon decomposes into Ammonia, Hydrogen and Mercury. The radical Ammonium so rapidly decomposes into simple elements that chemists have thus far failed to isolate and examine it. In the preparation of Ammonium salts therefore the radical Ammonium is simply supposed, not positively demonstrated. Ammonia is Nitrogen and Hydrogen united (NH3). It is called Ammonia Gas. Ammonia Gas is used for the purpose of making Ammonium Salts. It is prepared principally from the liquor known as Ammoniacal Liquor, of gas-works. This gas is colorless, has a pungent and peculiar odor, is lighter than air, and possesses a strong alkaline reaction. It is freely soluble in water. The solution of Ammonia Gas in water constitutes Aqua Ammonia, or Hydrate of Ammonium. It is also known by several other names. AMMONIA Benzoas.· Common Names: Benzoate of Ammonium, Benzoate of Ammonia. Description.-The Benzoate of Ammonium is in white crystals. It is soluble in water, has a sweetish taste, and is either odorless or has a slight odor of gum benzoin. Dose.-10 to 30 grains. Usual Dose.-10 to 20 grains. Indications.-Ammoniacal Urine, which causes cystitis, incontinence of urine, or urine loaded with phosphates. The Benzoate of Ammonium renders the urine acid, arrests fèrmentation, and promotes the solution of renal and cystic deposits. AMMONIA BROMIDUM.-Common Name: Bromide of Ammonium. Description.-Bromide of Ammonium may be made from Bromide of Iron and Carbonate of Ammonium. It is a white salt, neutral in reaction, and without odor. It is very soluble in water, and has a sharp salty taste. Dose.-10 to 60 grains. Usual Prescription.-R. Bromide of Ammonium, ss.; Water, iv. M. Sig. Dose, one teaspoonful four times a day. Indications.-Convulsions of children; involuntary movements of muscles, and a tendeney to loss of consciousness. The Bromide of Ammonium is a remedy of great value in the treatment of epilepsy. I have used the remedy for many years in the treatment of this terrible condition, and with it have cured many cases. I do not say that it will cure persons who have been afflicted with this disease for a long time, but it will cure a very large per cent. of the cases occurring in children. The dose given in the usual prescription " is usually sufficient in the treatment of children from two to five years of age, but in some cases a much larger dose is required. In all cases the medicine should he continued for at least one year from the date of the last convulsion. The Bromide of Ammonium is also frequently indicated in cerebrospinal meningitis, whooping-cough, and severe occipital headaches. The Bromide of Ammonium is tonic sedative, or anti-spasmodic, according to the quantity used. In very large doses it produces poisonous effects, and in some cases mental derange ments. AMMONII CARBONAS.-Common Name: Carbonate of Ammonium. Description. This substance is the old Salvolatile, or Salt of Hartshorn. When pure it is in hard, somewhat translucent It is soluble in water and in glycerine, and slightly soluble in alcohol. It should always be kept in salt-mouth bottles, as it readily decomposes. masses. Dose.-2 to 10 grains. Usual Dose. This drug is best administered in the form of Aromatic Spirits of Ammonia, using from 20 to 60 drops in water. This preparation consists of a solution of the Carbonate of Ammonia and Aqua Ammonia, in Alcohol and water, with Aromatic Essential Oils. Indications.-Hysteria; nervous debility; flatulent colic; Chloroform narcosis. The Carbonate of Ammonium is used in fainting, Chloroform narcosis, after hemorrhages, and whenever a stimulant is needed in depressed action of the heart. It is also employed to counteract the depressing influence of anaesthetics. In hysteria, with |