Tentyra victorious. Melan choly fate of a pri soner. Si vivunt omnes? Ergo acrior impetus, et jam 64 Tela; nec hunc lapidem, quales et Turnus et Ajax, 71 A deverticulo repetatur fabula. Postquam sectum Frusta ac particulas, ut multis mortuus unus Victrix turba: nec ardenti decoxit aëno 76 80 Aut verubus; longum usque adeo tardumque putavit Thoughts (Hic gaudere libet, quod non violaverit ignem, 62. acrior] sub. “fit.” 65. Turnus] See Aen. xii. 896902, saxum circumspicit ingens, Saxum antiquum, ingens, campo quod forte jacebat, Limes agro positus, litem ut discerneret arvis: Vix illud lecti bis sex cervice subirent, Qualia nunc hominum producit corpora tellus; Ille manu raptum trepida torquebat in hostem." ib. Ajax] See Hom. Il. vii. 268, 269, Δεύτερος αὖτ ̓ Αἴας (i. e. in his contest with Hector) woù uɛíζονα λάαν ἀείρας, ἧκ ̓ ἐπιδινήσας. 66, 67. Tydides] See II. v. 302 305, Ὁ δὲ χερμάδιον λάβε χειρὶ Τυδείδης, μέγα ἔργον, ὃ οὐ δύο γ' ἄνδρε φέροιεν, οἷοι νῦν βροτοί εἰσι. Virgil has copied this in the extract above given. The sufferer by this stone was Aeneas, with whom Diomed was fighting. 69.] See last note. 71. ridet et odit] i. e. derides them as "pusilli," and hates them as "mali.” “ Very little and very bad." 72. deverticulo] "digression." 73. aucti] sub. "fuerunt." ib. pars altera] The Tentyrites. 75. omnibus] The Coptites. 76. viciná · umbrosae — palmae] "bounded by (lit. bordering on) its shadowy palm-groves." 84-86. ignem terris] So Hor. Od. i. 3. 27, 28, “Audax Iapeti genus Ignem fraude mala gentibus intulit. The theft of Prometheus, and its consequences, are well known from the tragedy of Aeschylus. See Prom. Vinct. 251-254. tary, 86 on canni- Quem summa coeli raptum de parte Prometheus Viribus abnuerit dira atque immania passis, 86. elemento] scil. the fire. 96 100 105 gurris, was besieged by Pompey's ib. te] Volusius: to whom the legate, Afranius, and defended to the satire is addressed. last extremity. The inhabitants not only slaughtered their wives and children for food, but salted what was not consumed. 95, 96. invidia- ultima, casus — egestus] All in apposition. 97, 98. hujus cibi "The instance I have just quoted (in Calagurris) of this human food is entitled to pity." 104, 105. passis, et quibus] i. e. viribus quae passae fuerant, et quibus... poterant ignoscere.' "Manes," sub. "eorum." 106-112.] "It is true Zeno's precepts teach us better; for he considers that you may not do every thing to preserve life, only certain things. But how should a Cantabrian know Stoic philosophy, espe and voluntary. Zenonis praecepta monent: nec enim omnia, quaedam 109 115 Pro vita facienda putat. Sed Cantaber unde cially in the time of Metellus? 110. Athenas] metaphoricè for "literature." Graias nostrasque," "both of Greece and Rome." 111.] Sat. i. 44, note. 113. ille-populus] The Vascones. 115.] The reference is to the wellknown siege of Saguntum by Hannibal (Liv. xxi. 14, 15). The Saguntines were not driven to feed on human flesh, like the people of Calagurris, but the principal inhabitants voluntarily perished by fire rather than submit. Hence "major clade," 1. 114. The "tale quid," 1. 118, is therefore "a similar act.' ib.] "Whereas Aegypt is." &c. For" Maeotide ara," see Eurip, Iphig. Taur. 34-41. All Greeks landing on the Tauric Chersonese were sacrificed to Artemis. Iphigenia had been transported there from Aulis; a stag being substituted for her by Artemis. Iphigenia was appointed priestess of the Tauric temple, and in that capacity was called upon to sacrifice Orestes and Pylades, who had landed on the coast. Her recognition of them forms the subject of the tragedy of Euripides. "Could 116-119. quippe-hostia] "Inasmuch as that Tauric inventor (*ara,' sub.) of an inhuman sacrifice only killed men. The victims had not to look forward to being eaten." 120. hos] The Tentyrites. 122, 123. anne — . -Nilo] they, with the soil of Memphis all parched (the result of the nolenti surgere Nilo' in the next line), make any more forcible appeal to the Nile if it refused to rise ?" The phrase facere invidiam alicui' is frequent in the best Latinity for "making a person odious." As applied to matters of religion, it acquired a special meaning, that of presenting such a forcible remonstrance to the gods, by the exhibition of grief or suffering, as would put them in the wrong if they refused to comply with it. It thus became simply equivalent to "appeal to," which will usually trans Qua nec terribiles Cimbri nec Britones umquam, Sauromataeve truces aut immanes Agathyrsi, 125 Hac saevit rabie imbelle et inutile vulgus, Parvula fictilibus solitum dare vela phaselis, Et brevibus pictae remis incumbere testae. Nec poenam sceleri invenies, nec digna parabis 129 Supplicia his populis, in quorum mente pares sunt Human Et similes ira atque fames. Mollissima corda sympathy Humano generi dare se Natura fatetur, outraged. Quae lacrumas dedit: haec nostri pars optima sensus. Plorare ergo jubet casum lugentis amici Ora puellares faciunt incerta capilli. 139 Naturae imperio gemimus, quum funus adultae late it in this use. See Lucan, ii. 35, 36, "Divisere deos: et nullis defuit aris Invidiam factura parens." See also Ovid, Met. iv. 546, 547, Utque parum justae, nimiumque in pellice saevae, Invidiam fecere deae." The meaning here is therefore obvious: "Could they, if the country were threatened with the worst of evils (a famine from the Nile not rising), appeal to the river with a more terrible sacrifice?" 127, 128. fictilibus; pictae-testae] L. 128 merely amplifies the preceding. These clay-boats are mentioned by Strabo. Probably Juvenal had in mind the description of Egypt given by Virg. Georg. iv. 287-289, qua Pellaei gens fortunata Canopi Accolit effuso stagnantem flumine Nilum, Et circum pictis vehitur sua rura phaselis." 135. squalorem rei] The Romans put on mourning when themselves or their friends were accused. One form of mourning consisted in wear ing the dress and hair disordered. Hence "squalorem" here. Cf. Sat. iii. 212, "horrida mater.' 136. circumscriptorem] See note on Sat. i. 47. ib. cujus] The ward. 137. faciunt incerta] "make doubtful to which sex they belong." 140. minor] "too young for." 140, 141. face-arcana] i. e. to be initiated in the Eleusinian mysteries. On the fifth day of the solemnity the uúora went in procession, bearing torches, to the temple of Demeter. This was symbolical of her search for Persephone. 141. qualem sacerdos] The construction is "qualem sacerdos Cereris vult eum esse qui initiandus sit." 142.] "Ulla mala" is the subject; aliena," the predicate. Cf. Terence's well-known line, "Homo sum; humani nihil a me alienum puto." 143. mutorum] "beasts." Sortiti ingenium, divinorumque capaces Tantum animas, nobis animum quoque, mutuus ut nos 155 Affectus petere auxilium et praestare juberet, 150 Indica tigris agit rabida cum tigride pacem : Ast homini ferrum letale incude nefanda 160 165 Produxisse parum est, (quum rastra et sarcula tantum Adsueti coquere, et, marris ac vomere lassi, Adspicimus populos, quorum non sufficit irae 169 143. venerabile] Capable of feeling veneration. So Virg. Aen. x. 481, "Adspice, num mage sit nostrum penetrabile telum." 144. divinorum (quasi 'rei divinae'] "religion." 147. prona-spectantia] scil. ‘animalia.' 159. major] sub. ". nostra." 160. cognatis m.] "one of the same breed." Lit. the spots on the hide. 166. quum] although." 6. 167. lassi] Tired with manufacturing them. 174. et legumen] See note on Sat. iii. 229. |