SATIRA XIV. THE EDUCATION OF EXAMPLE. Home teachers as they are; the cure, 5 Plurima sunt, Fuscine, et fama digna sinistra, Et nitidis maculam ac rugam figentia rebus, Quae monstrant ipsi pueris traduntque parentes. Si damnosa senem juvat alea, ludit et heres gamester, Bullatus, parvoque eadem movet arma fritillo. the epi- Nec de se melius cuiquam sperare propinquo Concedit juvenis, qui radere tubera terrae, Boletum condire, et eodem jure natantes Mergere ficedulas didicit, nebulone parente Et cana monstrante gula. Quum septimus annus Transierit puero, nondum omni dente renato, Barbatos licet admoveas mille inde magistros, Hinc totidem, cupiet lauto coenare paratu Semper, et a magna non degenerare culina. the brutal Mitem animum et mores modicis erroribus aequos 15 master, Praecipit, atque animas servorum et corpora nostra Materia constare putat paribusque elementis, An saevire docet Rutilus, qui gaudet acerbo 5. bullatus] "in his teens." See Sat. v. 164, 165, and note. "Parvo," "miniature." 7. radere] See Sat. v. 116. "Tuber terrae" was the Greek name to distinguish it from 'tuber,' a "fruittree." But the "terrae was often 66 dropped. : 11 long: "patulo lucet ficedula lumbo,” Ep. xiii. 5. 9, 10. nebulone-gula] "With a spendthrift parent and hoary gullet (i. e. his parent's) to show the way." 19. septimus annus] The legal period of infantia' terminated with this year. 12, 13. inde-hine] "a thousand at each elbow." "Admoveas," the technical term for bringing up a siege apparatus: "lay siege to him with." 15. erroribus] dat. after "aequos." 18. Rutilus] It is not known who 21 Plagarum strepitu, et nullam Sirena flagellis Comparat, Antiphates trepidi laris ac Polyphemus, Tum felix, quoties aliquis tortore vocato Uritur ardenti duo propter lintea ferro? Quid suadet juveni laetus stridore catenae, Quem mire afficiunt inscripta ergastula, carcer The adul- Rusticus? Exspectes, ut non sit adultera Largae 25 Filia, quae numquam maternos dicere moechos Tam cito nec tanto poterit contexere cursu, Ut non ter decies respiret? Conscia matri Virgo fuit: ceras nunc hac dictante pusillas Implet, et ad moechos dat eisdem ferre cinaedis. 30 Sic natura jubet: velocius et citius nos teress. Corrumpunt vitiorum exempla domestica, magnis is meant. Perhaps the 'Rutilus' of Sat. xi. 2. 19. Sirena] i. e. music. "Flagellis," the sound of the lash. An 20. Antiphates-Polyphemus]" the man-eater of his household." A forcible term for a brutal master. tiphates, the king of the Laestrygones, and the Cyclops Polyphemus, are the two cannibals of the Odyssey. Cf. Sat. xv. 16-23 and note. For the proceedings of Antiphates, see Odyssey, x. 116, Αὐτίχ ̓ ἕνα μάρψας ἑτάρων, ὡπλίσσατο δόρπον. Similarly the Cyclops, Od. ix. 289— 292, Σὺν δὲ δύω μάρψας, ὥστε σκύλακας, ποτὶ γαίῃ Κόπτε ... Τοὺς δὲ διαμελεῖστὶ ταμὼν ὡπλίσσατο δόρπον Ησθιε δ ̓ ὥστε λέων. 22. uritur] One mode of punishing slaves was to burn them with red-hot plates, laminae.' See Plaut. Asin. iii. 2. 4, "Stimulos, laminas, cruces compedesque." ib. duo-lintea] sub. "amissa." "The merest trifle." 24, 25. ergastula, carcer rusticus] See note on Sat. vi. 151. The terms 35 Home teaching as it should be. Et monstrata diu veteris trahit orbita culpae. 40 46 Turpibus ac pravis omnes sumus; et Catilinam 41-43. Catilinam-usquam] "A 43. Brutus] Junius Brutus, who killed Caesar. ib. Bruti-avunculus] Cato Uticensis. He was half-brother of Brutus' mother, Servilia. 46. pernoctantis] "drunken." Lit. making a night of it. 50. Censoris-ira] See note to Sat. iv. 12. 52. morum quoque filius] "offspring of your character also." 53. per] "in following." 55. tabulas] "will." See Sat. i. 68 and note. 57, 58. vacuumque - quaerat] "and require treatment as a lu natic." Cf. Sat. xiii. 97, 98. · 50 58. ventosa cucurbita] a "cuppingglass." Lit. an air gourd; so called from its resemblance in shape to that vegetable. The ventosa' is part of the term in Latin medical writers, and not merely an epithet added by Juvenal; it means "airy," i. e. acting by the air. The cupping-glass really acts by partially exhausting the air. It is held over a spirit-lamp, and a vacuum being thus produced, the atmospheric pressure over the part to which the glass is applied is reduced below that of the surrounding parts, and the blood rises to the surface. The Romans, who were ignorant of the principle of a vacuum, conceived that this was the result of some action of the air itself, and so called the instrument "ventosa." 59-63.] "Were a guest expected, "Verre pavimentum, nitidas ostende columnas, 60 Arida cum tota descendat aranea tela, 65 Hic lavet argentum, vasa aspera tergeat alter;" 71 Force of Plurimum enim intererit, quibus artibus et quibus parental example. 75 hunc tu not one of your slaves would have an idle moment." 62. vasa aspera] See note on Sat. ix. 141. 67. scobis] This was sprinkled on the floor, like the sand in our country inns. 77. crucibus] Crucifixion, as is well known, was the punishment of slaves and the worst species of malefactors. The ordinary Roman practice was to leave the bodies hanging on the cross, and therefore exposed to the attacks of birds of prey, like the carcases of other animals. Hence 85 "crucibus" is here joined to "jumento et canibus (scil. mortuis). The removal of our Saviour's body from the cross was in compliance with the Jewish law, which would have been violated by its hanging there during the Sabbath. 78. fetus] "her young." 79. hic] "the same is "Magni," "full-grown." 81, 82. famulae-aves] "eagles." The "et" couples the "famulae and " "generosae. 82. cubili] "their young." So "nido," Sat. v. 143. " Inherited Aedificator erat Centronius, et modo curvo failings; house- Litore Cajetae, summa nunc Tiburis arce, building; Nunc Praenestinis in montibus alta parabat Culmina villarum, Graecis longeque petitis Marmoribus, vincens Fortunae atque Herculis aedem, superstition; avarice. Ut spado vincebat Capitolia nostra Posides. 90 95 100 Quidam, sortiti metuentem sabbata patrem, 86. Centronius] He is not otherwise known. The 100, 101.] Jews were frequently in bad repute at Rome under the 90. Fortunae See Herculis] Empire. note on Sat. vi. temple of Fortune was at Praeneste; 543. that of Hercules at Tibur. Hence "Tiburis" and "Praenestinis," 1. 87, 88. Both temples were of great celebrity. See Mac ad loc. 91.] The eunuch ("spado ") Posides was the freedman of Claudius. Suet. Claud. 28. He erected a magnificent bathing-establishment at Baiae. 94. turbavit] See Sat. vii. 129 and 103, 104. non monstrare-solos deducere] In apposition with " quodcumque." There is of course no such "traditum" in the books of Moses; but the practice of the Jews may have given occasion for the charge. See St. Matt. v. 43. St. John iv. 9. Of course, too, the tendency of the combined immorality and superstition of the Roman character at this period, was to make those who kept aloof from both free-thinkers, and disposed to ridicule all religion. 104. verpos] "circumcised.' 106. partem ullam] part in.' "took no |