Our com mon an cestry. Imperii fines Tiberinum virgo natavit. 265 Malo pater tibi sit Thersites, dummodo tu sis tius Cocles, Mucius, and Claelia, 265. imperii fines Tiberinum] Contrasted, in Juvenal's characteristic manner, with its present extent. The line has been supposed to refer to the Transtiberine land claimed by the Veientines, and for the restoration of which Porsena stipulated. See Livy, 2. 13. But this would have little force. 267. matronis] "by mothers to all time." 268. legum prima securis] "The first axe that fell at the law's bidding." It is opposed to the arbitrary executions during the regal period. 269. Vulcania-capessas] Patroclus had worn the arms of Achilles, and on his death under the walls of Troy, they were captured by Hector. Thetis accordingly paid a visit to Vulcan at his workshop, and procured her son a new set of armour. See Hom. Il. xviii. 369-xix. 18. 275 272. revolvas] See note on Sat. "Ut longe,' however far i. 5, 6. 99 66 273. asylo] "Deinde, ne vana urbis magnitudo esset (Romulus) locum qui nunc septus descendentibus inter duos lucos est, asylum aperit. Eo ex finitimis populis turba omnis sine discrimine liber an servus esset, avida novarum rerum perfugit." Livy, i. 8. Cf. Virg. Aen. viii. 342, 343, “lucum ingentem, quem Romulus acer Asylum Retulit.' 275. aut-nolo] "Was either a shepherd, or something worse;" i. e. a refugee at the asylum. See last note. The shepherds of the district were the first followers of Romulus and Remus. See Livy, i. 4, pastoribus rapta dividere crescente in dies grege juvenum." The reticence in the "aliud quod dicere nolo" resembles that of the familiar phrase for 'fur;' 'homo trium literarum.' 66 SATIRA IX. AN ILL-USED DEPENDANT. What is the mat ter? Juv. Scire velim, quare toties mihi, Naevole, 6, 7. Crepereius Pollio] Some spendthrift of the day. 66 7. triplicem usurum] "36 per cent." Lit. it is "thrice the usual interest." The latter was paid on the first of every month, and termed asses usurae;" i. e. one as per hundred per month, and therefore 12' asses per hundred in the twelvemonth, or our "twelve per cent.' The ordinary term for the asses usurae was centesima;' as at the above rate, an amount equal to the principal was paid in 100 months. 8. fatuos non invenit] "finds no fools to lend him the money." 9. agebas] "played the part of;" i. e. went as gay as. 10. vernam equitem] 6 The vernae,' or slaves born in the house, were indulgently treated and impudent in proportion. See Hor. Epod. 2. 66, 66 Positosque vernas, ditis examen domus, Circum renidentes Lares." Cf. Sat. ii. 6. 66, "vernasque procaces Pasco libatis dapi bus." Hence the term became synonymous with scurra,' a buffoon or parasite, in which sense it is used here. He was had out to dinner for the sake of his jests. Pollio appears to have been of an equestrian family. 11. salibus-natis] "bon-mots of the town." At Rome, as in the cities founded from it, there were two lines of inclosure; the agger' and the pomoerium.' The former was an earthwork raised for the military defence of the city. The pomoerium,' on the other hand, existed in theory only, and formed the religious boundary, within which alone the auspices could be taken previously to a general assuming the imperium.' See note on Sat. vi. 6 400. The course of the 'pomoerium' was marked by stones, like our parish bounds, and no building was permitted within a certain distance on each side of it. Its line was ascer A good grumble. · 14 Omnia nunc contra: vultus gravis, horrida siccae nullum 20 30 Inde operae pretium. Pingues aliquando lacernas, tained in the first instance by ploughing round the city with a bullock and heifer yoked, and taking care that the sods fell inwards. The ridge thus formed was the murus;' and an imaginary line running behind it was the post murum,' contracted into pomoerium.' The object of adopting the inner line for the boundary instead of the 'murus' itself, was probably the same as that for which the Jewish criminal courts inflicted only the "forty stripes save one," instead of the forty prescribed by Deut. xxv. 3; viz. to avoid any accidental infringement of the limit. The 'pomoerium' was from time to time extended with the growth of the city. There was no necessity indeed for this being done, as the 'agger' was never required to be identical with it, and there was no restriction on building outside the 'pomoerium,' at a certain distance. It became the practice however; and eventually the 'pomoerium comprised the greater part of ancient Rome. The Aventine was not included until the reign of Claudius, probably owing to the sinister augury 55 "Not to be re peated on any account." Te Trifolinus ager fecundis vitibus implet, 61 65 Posce; sed appellat puer unicus, ut Polyphemi Pascendi. Quid agant bruma spirante? quid, oro, Qui modo secretum commiserat, ardet et odit, 96 ferrum, Sumere Fuste aperire caput, candelam apponere valvis 56. Trifolinus ager] This is said to have been near Naples. The "vina Trifolina' are mentioned also by Plin., who couples them with 66 plebeia." See Hist. Nat. xiv. 6. See also Mart. Ep. xiii. 114, "Non sum de primo, fateor, Trifolina Lyaeo" (sub. vitis). The derivation of" trifolinus" from wine that ripens in three years (after the third new leaf") seems fanciful. 66 57. suspectum jugum Cumis] "looked up to by." The promontory of Misenum is meant. Lucullus had a famous villa there, which afterwards became the property of Tiberius. For Gaurus see note on Sat. viii. 86. "Inanis" is "stripped for you of its vintage." Unless the word means "hollow," and refers to the evidently volcanic origin of the mountain. 58. victuro] long-lived," i. e. that will bear keeping. 59. lumbos donare] transl. recruit the energies." 60-62.] Is it well that your farmer's child here, with mother, cottages, and playmate dog, should fall as a legacy to your friend the cymbal player, instead of myself?" The ordinary detail of a farm-scene is used instead of the farm itself. The "cymbala pulsantis amici" is "the Gallus." See note on Sat. ii. 111. For "casulis" cf. Sat. xi. 153; xiv. 167. 179. Secrets houses. Non dubitat. Nec contemnas aut despicias, quod 105 Quod tamen ad cantum galli facit ille secundi, men 110 In dominos, quoties rumoribus ulciscuntur 100. his-veneni] "With his (the patron's) wealth, poison comes cheap." Annona alicujus rei cara vilis est" is a frequent idiom. It means "the market," i. e. (market-price) "of it is high or low." Cf. Hor. Ep. i. 12. 24, Vilis amicorum est annona, bonis ubi quid deest.' 669 101. curia Martis] The Areopagus; so called because Ares was there brought to trial by Poseidon for the murder of his son Halirrhothius. Αρεοπαγίτου στεγαVOTEDOS" was a Greek proverb: see Hesych. σTεyavάTepov, and note. It arose from their sitting with closed doors, and being sworn to secrecy. 103. ut] even though." 106. clamant omnes] Still each and every of these" (scil. "fenestrae, rimae, ostia ")" find a voice." 107. ad secundi] At day-break. The first cock-crowing was at midnight. 115 108. caupo] "eating-house keeper," and therefore also his guests. 66 108-110. audiet-carptores] "In fact, not only will he know what has occurred, but a great deal which hasn't;" mere inventions of the slaves. Librarius," the secretary." Archimagirus," "headcook." " Carptor," carver. functions of the latter, in Sat. v. 120, and xi. 136, are given to the 'structor,' or arranger of dishes. The 112. baltea] The leather "balteus (or "balteum") would be a handy implement for chastising the slaves. 66 112, 113.]" Or there will be some drunken slave, who will fasten upon a man, and tell all about it." Inebriet," stupify with his talking. "Te:" not addressed to Naevolus, but used generally for any passerby. 114. Illos] the slaves. 114, 115. quidquid-a nobis] i. e. the request in 1. 93, 94. |